The document summarizes the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system. It describes that the nervous system is responsible for coordinating all body activity and can be divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS contains the brain and spinal cord, with the brain being the center for thought, memory, judgment and emotion. The PNS contains all nerves and connects the CNS to the rest of the body. Key parts of the brain are also outlined, including the cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem, along with their main functions.
7. BRAIN
It is one of the largest organs in the body, and
coordinates most body activities.
It is the center for all thought, memory, judgment,
and emotion.
Each part of the brain is responsible for controlling
different body functions, such as temperature
regulation and breathing.
8. THE THREE MAJOR PARTS
of the BRAIN
1. THE CEREBRUM
2. THE CEREBELLUM
3. THE BRAIN STEM
9. THE CEREBRUM:
largest part of the brain
The cerebrum controls:
Your thinking
Your Memory
Your Speaking
Your movement & identifies the information
gathered by your sense organs.
11. LOBES OF CEREBRUM
1. Frontal lobe: Most anterior portion of the
cerebrum, controls motor function, personality, and
speech
2. Parietal lobe: The most superior portion of the
cerebrum, receives and interprets nerve impulses
from sensory receptors and interprets language.
3. Occipital lobe: The most posterior portion of
the cerebrum, controls vision.
4. Temporal lobe: The left and right lateral
portion of the cerebrum, controls hearing and smell
12. THE CEREBELLUM:
Is below & to the back of the cerebrum
• The cerebellum controls your :
BALANCE & POSTURE
Located beneath the posterior part of the cerebrum
Aids in coordinating voluntary body movements and
maintaining balance and equilibrium
Refines the muscular movement that is initiated in the
cerebrum
13. THE BRAIN STEM
Connects the brain to the spinal cord.
The nerves in the brain stem control your:
HEARTBEAT
BREATHING
BLOOD PRESSURE
14. Spinal Cord
Runs through the vertebral canal
Extends from foramen magnum to 2nd lumbar
vertebra
Regions
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccygeal
Gives rise to 31 pairs of spinal nerves - all are mixed
nerves
18. NERVES
A bundle of fibers that uses electrical and chemical
signals to transmit sensory and motor information
from one body part to another. The fibrous portions of
a nerve are covered by a sheath called myelin and/or a
membrane called neurilemma
19. Meninges
Dura mater: outermost
layer; continuous with
epineurium of the
spinal nerves
Arachnoid mater: thin
and wispy
Pia mater: bound
tightly to surface
20. NEURON
The cells that make up the nervous system are called
neurons. Long, stringy neurons are perfect for
carrying the electrical messages that are the
"language" of the nervous system.
Contents
21. VERY IMPORTANT INFO
Nerves send messages to everything from the brain.
If there was no nervous system, you're heart
wouldn't be told to beat, your legs wouldn't be told
to walk and your lungs wouldn't be told to expand
an, collapse.
Things wouldn't be able to send messages to the
brain either, such as taste buds (no taste) skin, (no
feeling,) eyes (no sight) and so on.