Optical computers use photons of light rather than electric current to perform computations. They promise massive increases in computer efficiency, speed and decreases in size and cost compared to silicon-based computers. Optical computers use components like lasers, photonic crystals and spatial light modulators to simulate transistors and logical gates using light. Applications include high-speed intercommunication and data processing. Research is ongoing to improve optical switching and signal processing capabilities.

1. OPTICAL CCOMPUTERSOMPUTERS
OPTICAL COMPUTERS
The future technology
Under The Guidance of
Asst. Prof T.SHIRISHA
Presented by
N.AJAY
Co ordinated by
Asst. prof Harikrishna

2. WHAT IS OPTICAL COMPUTER
 An optical computer is also called as photonic computer
which is a device that uses the photons in visible light or
infrared (IR) beams, rather than electric current, to perform
digital computations.
 An electric current flows at only about 10 percent of the
speed of light

3. Why Optical Computers...?
In silicon computers, the speed of computers was achieved by
miniaturizing electronic components.
It is also estimated that the number of transistor switches that
can be put onto a chip doubles every 18 months.

4. And now...
Optical technology promises massive upgrades in
The efficiency and speed of computers,
Aswell as significant shrinkage in their size and cost

5. Parallel communication

6. Optical computing ...! How...?
Light in the place of Electron
Uses optical components
Transistors, logical gates etc are simulated using optics.
All-optical components require a high level of laser power to
function as required.
Send pulses of light instead of pulses of electricity

8. Optical Components...
VCSEL-vertical cavity surface emitting micro laser
Emits light in a cylindrical beam vertically from the
surface of a fabricated wafer

9. PhotonicCrystals :
crystals designed to replace transistors in optical computers.
Optical nanostructures that are designed to affect the motion of
Photons.

10. SLMs :
Spatial light modulators , play an important role in optical processing,
for inputting Information on light beams, and displays.
A set of memory cells laid out on a regular grid and value in each cell
contribute to manipulate the behavior of optical activity

11. Logical Gates :
Logic gates are the building blocks of any digital
system. An optical logic gate is a switch that controls
one light beam With another. It is "on“ when the device
transmits light, and "off“ When it blocks the light.

12. Data management in normal computers

13. Data management in optical computers

15. APPLICATIONS..
Use of optics in intercommunication
 Here opticalfibres are used communicate internally like communicating with
peripheralse etc.
 Optical sorting and optical crossbar Printer-connects are used in asynchronous
transfer modes.

16. Current work and improvements.
By NASA
 An optical thin films being developed
 Can perform switching signal processing frequency doubling
By IBM
IBM announced that its researchers have built a device capable of
delaying the flow of light on a silicon chip,a requirement to one
day allow computers to utilize optical communications to achieve
better performance.

17. Advantages...
 Increase in the speed of computation.
 Immune to electromagnetic interference.
 Free from electrical short circuits.
 Have low-loss transmission and large bandwidth.
 Capable of communicating several channels in parallelwithout
interference.
 No power loss due to excess of heating.
 Life of the hardware of optical computer is more.

18. CONCLUSION
Optical technology promises massive upgrades in the efficiency
and speed of computers, as well as significant shrinkage in their
size and cost.

19. THANK YOU