This document discusses neovascular glaucoma (NVG), a type of secondary glaucoma caused by the growth of new blood vessels on the iris and in the anterior chamber angle due to extensive retinal ischemia. NVG is preceded by rubeosis iridis, where new vessels arise from the iris microvasculature. The new vessels can cause open-angle or angle-closure glaucoma by pulling on surrounding structures. Common causes are diabetic retinopathy, central retinal vein occlusion, and other conditions leading to retinal ischemia. Patients present with pain, redness, blurred vision and elevated intraocular pressure. Treatment involves panretinal photocoagulation, anti-VEGF injections, glaucoma medications and

1. A R Y A . K . A
NEOVASCULAR GLAUCOMA

2. GLAUCOMA
Chronic, progressive optic neuropathy caused by a
group of ocular conditions, which lead to damage of
the optic nerve with loss of visual function.
The most common risk factor known is a raised
intraocular pressure.(N/l IOP:10-21mm Hg)

3. CLASSIFICATION
A. Congenital/developmental glaucomas
B. Primary adult glaucomas
a. POAG
b. PACG
C. Secondary glaucomas
a. Mechanism of rise in IOP
i. Secondary open angle glaucomas
ii. Secondary angle closure glaucoma
b. Causative primary disease
i. Lens induced
ii. Inflammatory
iii. Pigmentary
iv. Neovascular glaucoma
v. Traumatic glaucoma

4. NVG
Secondary Glaucoma due to fibrovascular membrane
on the surface of the iris and the angle of anterior
chamber.
Syn:Thrombotic glaucoma, hemorrhagic glaucoma,
rubeotic glaucoma.
Follows extensive retinal ischemia

5. PATHOGENESIS
NEOVASCULARISATION
ON IRIS AND IN THE
ANGLE
NEOVASCULAR
GLAUCOMA
ANGIOGENIC FACTORS
RELEASED & DIFFUSED
CHRONIC RETINAL
ISCHAEMIA

6. ETIOLOGY
Pre-glaucomatous stage(RUBEOSIS IRIDIS)
 New vessels arise from the microvascular bed in the iris
and ciliary body.
 Appearance as endothelial buds from capillaries of minor
arterial circle as tufts.
Open angle glaucoma stage
 Pretrabecular neovascular membrane
Secondary angle closure glaucoma
 Fibrous membrane contains myofibroblasts that have
contractile properties.
 Pulls the posterior pigment layer of the iris epithelium
anteriorly - ectropion uvea
 Pulls the peripheral iris into the chamber angle
producing PAS.

9. CAUSES
 Ischaemic Central retinal vein occlusion
 Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
 Sickle cell retinopathy
 Eales disease
 C/c intraocular inflammations
 Intraocular tumours
 Long standing RD
 CRAO

10. PRESENTATION
SYMPTOMS
 Sudden pain
 Headache
 Vomiting
 Redness
 Watering
 Defective vision
 Photophobia
SIGNS
 Ciliary injection
 Hazy cornea from epithelial
edema
 Deep anterior chamber
with moderate flare,
 Hyphema
 New vessels on the iris and
in the angle(Gonioscopy)
 Ectropion uveae
 Fixed dilated pupil
 Raised IOP

11. TREATMENT
 Panretinal photocoagulation
 Goniophotocoagulation
 Intra Vitreal Anti -VEGF
 Mydriatics
 Corticosteroids
 Filtering surgeries
 Cyclodestructive procedures
 Enucleation
 Glaucoma drainage device

12. CASE DISCUSSION
 69 years old female
 Presenting complaints:
 c/o DV of BE since long
 HOPI:
 Noticed DV(BE) since long.
 Diagnosed as CRVO(LE) and POAG(BE) 2 yrs back
 At present, increase in DV
 A/w severe headache

13.  h/o past illness
 T2 DM-10 yrs on OHA
 HTN- 20-25 yrs- on T.Amlo
 POAG(BE)- 2yrs
 Ischemic CRVO(LE)-2 yrs
 Family history: Nil significant
 Drug history
 1. T.Amlo 5mg OD
 2.T.Nebivolol 5mg 1-0-0
 Brimonidine e/d 1 BD(BE)
 Nepa e/d 1 BD
 T.Glimipride 2mg BD

14.  GENERAL EXAMINATION
 Conscious, oriented, Cooperative
 Poorly built and nourished
 No pallor, icterus, cyanosis, clubbing, LNE, pedal
edema
 PR: 66/’
 BP: 160/70 mm Hg
 CVS: S1 S2 heard, No murmurs
 Resp: NVBS B/L
 GIT: P/A-Soft, Nonender; No organomegaly

15. OCULAR EXAMINATION
RIGHT EYE LEFT EYE
Lid and adnexa N/l N/L
Conjunctiva N/l N/l
Cornea N/l size, shape, lustre
Corneal sensn-N/l
N/l size, shape, lustre
Corneal sensn-N/l
AC N/l depth and contents N/l depth and contents
Iris N/l colour and pattern NVI: 9-11 O’clock posn
Pupil N/l size and shape
DR-Brisk
CR- SLuggish
N/l size and shape
Gr. II RAPD
Lens IMSC IMSC
Vision-Vn 6/60 HM
Nv N24 N36
Head posture: N EOM-Full Orthophoric

16.  RIGHT EYE
 Media hazy
 Disc
 Defined
 CDR 0.7
 Nasalisation
 of vessels +
 Tesselated
fundus
 LEFT EYE
 Media hazy
 CDR 0.6
 Veins tortuous
and dilated
 Dot
hemorrhages in
macula
 Tesselated
fundus

17. NCT 16.3 37.6
Carotid doppler: diffuse wall thickening in all carotid
arteries
Imp: POAG(BE)
NVG(LE)

18. THANK YOU