Nanorobotics involves the design and control of robots on the nanoscale. Potential applications include medical nanorobots that can perform surgeries inside the body at the cellular level to treat diseases. Nanorobots may also be used to build faster supercomputers using molecular electronics and mechanics. Challenges include unknown environmental and health impacts of nanoparticles, though proponents believe nanorobotics could lead to lighter stronger materials and even extended lifespans through reprogramming biological systems. Regulation will be needed to ensure safe development of this transformative but risky new field.