Nanorobots are tiny machines designed to perform specific tasks at the nanoscale level. They consist of sensors, propellers, molecular sorting rotors, and fins. Potential applications include using nanorobots for medical purposes like cancer detection and treatment, surgery, and gene therapy. While still in development, future nanorobots may be able to replicate themselves, communicate with each other, and self-repair. Advantages include high speed, low energy usage, and more precise medical treatment, though risks include high costs, cancer risks, and potential loss of control.

1. Presented By-
Chandan Kumar Satapathy
Nanorobots

2. • Introduction.
• What is Nanorobots ?
• Structure of Nanorobots.
• Injection of Nanorobots.
• Applications.
• Future Nanorobotics.
• Advantages & Disadvantages.
• Conclusion.
CONTENTS

3. Nanorobotics is the emerging technology field
creating machines or robots whose components are
at or close to the scale of a nanometer .
INTRODUCTION

4. What is Nanorobots?
• Nanorobots are the tiny machines
designed to perform a specific task
whose components are at or close to
the scale of a nanometer.
• 1nm = 10−9 meters

5. • Nanorobotics refers to the
nanotechnology engineering discipline
of designing and building nanorobots,
with devices ranging in size from 0.1–10
micrometers and constructed of
nanoscale components.
• Other names: nanobots, nanoids, nano-
spiders, nanites.

6. Nanobots

7. Nanoids

8. Nano Spiders

9. Nanites

10. • Nanorobots are largely in the research-and-
development phase, but some primitive
molecular machines and nanorobots have
been tested.
• The first useful applications of nanorobots
might be in medical technology, which
could be used to identify and destroy
cancer cells.

11. The development of nanorobots is done by
using various approaches such as:
• Biochip
• Nubots
• Usage of Bacteria

12. Structure of nanorobots
It consists of :
• Sensors.
• Propellers.
• Molecular sorting rotor.
• Fins.

13.  SENSORS:
A sensor (also called detector) is a converter that
measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal which
can be read by an observer or by an (mostly electronic)
instrument.
Molecular sorting rotor:
A class of nanomechanical device capable of selectively
binding (or releasing) molecules from/ to solution, and of
transporting these bound molecules against significant
concentration gradients.
Fins:
A fin is a surface used for stability and/or to produce lift
and thrust or to steer while traveling in water, air, or other fluid
media.
 Propeller:
Like that in nanorobots it is used to drive forward
against the blood stream

14. Injection Of Nanorobots
• Nanorobots are introduced into the body by surgery.
• So the nanorobots are made smaller than the blood
vessels as it can travel.
• The nanorobot is injected in artery.

15. Applications
 In Medical Field:-
• Nanorobotics in Surgery.
• Diagnosis and Testing.
• Nanorobotics in Gene Therapy.
• Nanorobots in Cancer Detection and treatment.
 In Space Technology.
 In Environmental Use.
 In Industry Manufacturing.

16. Nanorobots in surgery
• Surgical nanorobots are introduced into the human
body through vascular systems and other cavities.
• Surgical nanorobot performs various functions
like searching for pathogens, and then diagnosis.

17. Diagnosis and testing
• Medical nanorobots are used for the purpose of
diagnosis, testing and monitoring of
microorganisms, tissues and cells in the blood
stream.

18. Nanorobots in Gene therapy
• Nanorobots are also applicable in treating genetic
diseases, by relating the molecular structures of
DNA and proteins in the cell.

19. Nanorobots in cancer treatment
Nanorobots with embedded chemical biosensors are
used for detecting the tumor cells in early stages of
cancer development inside a patient’s body.

20. In Space Technology
• Improve the performance of
spaceships, spacesuits and
equipment used in explore the
universe.
• Nanorobots can be used to actively repair damaged suit
materials by including layers of bio-nanobots in their
spacesuits while an astronaut is in the field.
• Specialized nanorobots known as Marssuit Repair
Nanorobots (MRN) operate as space-filling polyhedra to
repair damage to a Marssuit..

21. Environmental Use
1. Nanobots can mine garbage dumps. They are going to
make it easier and cheaper to pull out, clean up and
create useful commodities for us to reuse.
2. Determining toxic substances in nature.
3. Detecting harmful viruses in flues.
In Industry and Manufacturing
1. To replace heavy machinery with nano-devices.
2. To replace employees with many nanorobots.
3. To replace petroleum with whale oil.
4. To change view of industry in their possible
capabilities, their new ideas, their research trend, also
mentality of the industrial man.

22. Future Nanorobotics
1. Include responses to
• Heat.
• Light.
• Sounds.
• Surface textures.
• Chemicals.
2. Nanobots will be able to
• Move and communicate
with each other.
• Replicate and repair
themselves.

23. Future Nanorobotics
3. In industry and manufacturing.
4. In supercomputer.
5. In brain’s growth.
6. To improve healthcare.

24. Are Nanobots Realistic
Today?
• We are some years away……..
• New advances are being produced........
• Medical experiments are testing……..
• However the future is now……..

25. Advantage
1. The microscopic size of nanorobts translates into
high operational speed.
2. Individual units require only a tiny amount of
energy to operate.
3. Speed up of medical treatment.
4. Verification of progress and treatment.
5. Nano-specification is expected to bring about
lighter, stronger and programmable materials.
6. Non degradation of treatment agents.
7. Nanaobots might also produce copies of
themselves to replace worn-outs units called
self-replication.

26. Advantage
7. The major advantage of nanobots is thought
to be their durability in theory, where they
can remain operational for years, decades
or centuries.
8. Involves less psychological strain.
9. Faster and More Precise Diagnosis.
10. Easily communicate with other organic
systems.
11. Rapid elimination of diseases.
12. Minimum side effects.

27. Disadvantages
1. The installation cost for this technology is very
expensive.
2. Risk of cancer.
3. Replication may become out of control.
4. Practical implementation is somewhat difficult.
5. Sometimes robots go out of control in human
body.

28. Conclusion
Nanomachines are largely in the search and development
phase. As the construction of nanorobots is under progress,
the ideas explained here could not be implemented at
present. This will be implemented soon in future. It gives
the hope of the effective use of this technology in medical
field. This is the beginning of nano-era and we could
expect further improvements such as medicine to AIDS.
Nanorobots can theoretically destroy all common diseases
of the 20th century, thereby ending much of the pain and
suffering. From these types of inventions, it will be useful
for us to cure diseases and lead to a fantastic life. Within
ten years, several advancement technologies should be
made from this nanorobotics.