NANOROBOTICS

Presented By-
Rajesh Rosan Sethy
Subhrajyoti Sethy
Sunil Kiran Mallick
Denish Kumar Naik

CONTENTS:
 Introduction to Robots
 Robotics
 Nanotechnology
 Nanorobotics
 Nanorobots
 Types of making Nanorobots
 Applications
 Replacement of heart bypass surgery by Nanorobots
 Conclusion

ROBOTS:
 It is a mechanical or virtual artificial agent usually an
electromechanical machine that is guided by computer
program or electronic circuitry.
 Examples: ASIMO,Nanorobots, bots and Industrial robots.

ROBOTICS:
 It deals with design, construction, operation and
application of robots and computer systems for their
control, sensory feedback and information processing.
 These technologies deal with automated machines that can
take place of humans in hazardous or manufacturing
processes.
 Today, robotics is rapidly growing field, as we continue to
research, design, and build new robots that serve various
practical purpose.

NANO & TECHNOLOGY
 A Nanometre is a unit of length in the metric
system, equal to one billionth of a metre(10-9).
 Technology is the making, usage, and knowledge
of tools, machines and techniques, in order to solve
a problem or perform a specific function.

NANOTECHNOLOGY:
 It is the manipulation of matter on an atomic and
molecular scale.
 It works with materials, devices and other structures
with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100
nanometers.
 With a variety of potential applications,
nanotechnology is a key technology for the future.

Who Cares
About
Nanotechnology

We All Should Care!
 Because it can bring revolution in the current
industrialization and manufacturing processes.

NANOROBOTICS:
 It is the emerging technology field creating
machines or robots whose components are at or
close to the scale of a nanometer (10-9 meters).
 Nanorobotics refers to the nanotechnology
engineering discipline of designing and building
nanorobots, with devices ranging in size from
0.1–10 micrometers and constructed of
nanoscale or molecular components.
 The main element used will be carbon in the
form of diamond / fullerene nanocomposites
because of the strength and chemical inertness
of these forms .
 Other names: nanobots, nanoids, nanites, nano-
machines , nanomites

History
 The first ever concept was presented
in 1959 by the famous professor of
physics Dr. Richard P.Feynman.
 Invention of the scanning
tunneling microscope in 1981 and
the discovery of fullerene(C60) in
1985 lead to the emergence
of nanotechnology.
 The term “Nano-technology" had
been coined by Norio Taniguchi in
1974

NANOROBOTS:
 One of the most advanced forms of nano-medicine is
nanorobots. Nanorobots are microscopic devices measured
on the scale of nanometers.
Fig: A design of nanorobot
with sensors, molecular
sorting rotors and fins

Structure Of Nanorobotics
It consists of :-
 Sensor
 Molecular sorting rotor
 Propellers
 Fins

 Sensors:
A sensor (also called detector) is a converter that measures a physical
quantity and converts it into a signal which can be read by an observer or by an
(mostly electronic) instrument.
 Molecular sorting rotor:
A class of nanomechanical device capable of selectively binding (or releasing)
molecules from/ to solution, and of transporting these bound molecules against
significant concentration gradients.
Propeller:
It is a type of fan that converts the rotational force into thrust.
Fins:
A fin is a surface used for stability to produce lift and thrust or to steer while
traveling in water, air, or other fluid media.

TYPES OF MAKING NANOROBOTS:
 1. Nubots
 2. Bacteria based
1. Nubots:
 The first approach is through nubots. Nubot is an abbreviation
for ‘nucleic acid robots.’ Nubots are organic molecular
machines at the nanoscale. DNA structure can provide means
to assemble 2D and 3D nanomechanical devices.
2. Bacteria based:
 This approach proposes the use of biological microorganisms,
like the bacterium E- coli. Thus the model uses a flagellum for
propulsion purposes. The uses of electromagnetic fields are
normally applied to control the motion of this kind of
biological integrated device.

APPLICATIONS:
 Atomic force microscope
 Nano macro/microscale robots
 Toxicity detectors
 Single molecule car
 Nubots
 Medicine
 Dentistry
 Diagnosis and treatment of Diabetes

Medical Sciences:
 Heart Bypass Surgery
 Targeted Drug Delivery
 Artificial Retina
 Tissue Regeneration
Applications Of Nanotechnology

INTRODUCTION TO HEART BYPASS SURGERY:
• It reroutes the blood supply around clogged arteries to improve
blood flow and oxygen to the heart.
• It involves an incision in the middle of the chest and separation
of the breastbone and detouring ,the breastbone is joined using
wire and the incision sewed.
Side effects of normal heart bypass surgery:
1.loss of appetite
2.swelling in the area from which the segment of blood vessel
was removed
3.fatigue,mood swings, feelings of depression, difficulty
sleeping
4.muscle pain or tightness in the shoulders and upper back

Introduction of nanorobot into human
body:
 The nanorobot gets access into the
body through a large diameter artery
so that it may be without being
too destructive in the first place.
Fig. The robot swims through the arteries
and using a pair of tail appendages

Source of power and means of recovery:
• The nuclear power is carried onboard to supply required
amount of energy for the operation of the device
• After the nanorobot has removed the plaque, and its function is
over, it has to be removed from the body. This can be made
possible by guiding the nanorobot to anchor a blood vessel that
is easily accessible from outside, and perform a small surgical
operation to remove it.
Fig. Removal of nanorobot
From the body

 Carbon Nanotubes could cause infection of lungs
 Oil & Diamonds could become worthless
 Atomic weapons could be more accessible and destructive

CONCLUSION:
 From this seminar report we conclude that, NANOROBOTICS is one
of the emerging fields in technology and robotics. No matter how
highly trained the specialists may be, surgery can still be dangerous. So
nanorobot is not only the safest but also fast and better technique to
remove the plaque deposited on the internal walls of arteries. This is
also an efficient method to remove these hard plaques without any
surgical procedure involved.

NANOROBOTICS

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