Mounika
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•336 views
Karl Landsteiner discovered the four main blood groups: A, B, AB, and O. The presence of antigens (proteins) and antibodies determines blood type. Group O blood lacks antigens and contains antibodies, making it the universal donor type. Group AB has both antigens but no antibodies, so it can receive blood from any group but can only donate to other AB types. A person's Rh factor is also important, as Rh negative blood can only be received by other Rh negative recipients. Different animals have blood that ranges in color from red to green, yellow, white, and blue due to varying respiratory pigments and compounds like hemoglobin, vanadium, and copper.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Blood Types
A PowerPoint presentation about the diferent blood types in human beings. It will help you understand what determines blood transfusions and why. Made by Carolina Giraldo, Maria Paulina Restrepo, Mariana Ramirez, and Laura Posada.
Bombay Blood Group Understanding Genetics
The blood group serology plays an imminent role in transfusion medicine. The discovery of the rarest blood group only found in 0.0004 percent of Indian population , Bombay Oh Phenotype, also known as hh blood type or ABO blood group by Dr Bhende et al in 1952 in Mumbai formerly Bombay was important in the field of immunohematology. Misbah Khan ""Bombay Blood Group- Understanding Genetics"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23861.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/23861/bombay-blood-group--understanding-genetics/misbah-khan
Blood Type
Blood type is determined by antigens on red blood cells and affects blood transfusion and pregnancy. There are 30 recognized blood group systems including ABO and RhESUS. ABO types are A, B, AB, and O based on carbohydrate antigens. RhESUS refers to the presence of the RhD antigen. Blood types must be compatible to prevent immune reaction during transfusion. Incompatible blood can cause hemolytic disease in newborns if a pregnant woman is sensitized to antigens of her fetus's blood.
Blood groups
The ABO system is the most important blood group classification for blood transfusions. People are categorized into one of four main blood groups - A, B, AB, or O - based on the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells and the antibodies in plasma. Group AB individuals have both A and B antigens and can receive blood from any group but can only donate to other AB individuals. Group B people have the B antigen and anti-A antibodies, so they can receive B or O blood and donate to B and AB individuals. Group O lack both antigens and have anti-A and anti-B antibodies, making them universal donors but able to only receive O blood.
Bombay blood group - Case report
The Bombay Blood Group is the rarest blood group first reported in Bombay, India. The blood sample of 40 year old female patient who presented with signs and symptoms suggestive of anemia was submitted to blood bank for grouping and cross-matching. Both forward and reverse grouping was done by tube method, resulting discrepancy between forward and reverse grouping. Both grouping is important for safe transfusion, if not followed may lead to people with Bombay blood group not being detected and categorized as O group. So therefore reverse or serum grouping is necessary to detect this group. We present one rare case which was diagnosed in our hospital.
Blood groups
The document discusses human blood groups and their classification. There are four main blood groups based on the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells - A, B, AB, and O. The ABO and Rh blood group systems are most important for blood transfusions due to their ability to cause transfusion reactions. Blood group O is the universal donor as it lacks antigens, while blood group AB is the universal receiver as it lacks antibodies. Rh incompatibility during pregnancy can cause a serious disorder in the fetus called erythroblastosis fetalis if the mother is Rh- and fetus is Rh+. Proper blood group matching is crucial to avoid transfusion reactions from incompatible blood groups.
Blood Group Natural Selection
This document analyzes blood group data that was collected from 125 samples. It finds that the B+ blood group is the majority with 42 samples, followed by O+ with 32 samples. Overall, 50 samples were found to be B blood group, followed by 33 as O, 21 as A and 21 as AB. The ratio of Rh positive to Rh negative samples was 115:10, or 90% to 10%. The conclusion is that B+ and O+ constitute over 50% of the total, while A+ and AB+ make up about 30%, with the minority blood groups being A-, AB-, B- and O-.
Celena's powerpoint
There are 8 major blood types categorized into 4 main groups - A, B, AB and O - which are further divided based on the presence of antigens. Type O blood is a universal donor that can be used in emergencies, while Type AB blood is a universal recipient that can receive any type. The Rh blood group also plays an important role, as Rh-negative people can only receive Rh-negative blood transfusions.
Recommended
Blood Types
A PowerPoint presentation about the diferent blood types in human beings. It will help you understand what determines blood transfusions and why. Made by Carolina Giraldo, Maria Paulina Restrepo, Mariana Ramirez, and Laura Posada.
Bombay Blood Group Understanding Genetics
The blood group serology plays an imminent role in transfusion medicine. The discovery of the rarest blood group only found in 0.0004 percent of Indian population , Bombay Oh Phenotype, also known as hh blood type or ABO blood group by Dr Bhende et al in 1952 in Mumbai formerly Bombay was important in the field of immunohematology. Misbah Khan ""Bombay Blood Group- Understanding Genetics"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23861.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/23861/bombay-blood-group--understanding-genetics/misbah-khan
Blood Type
Blood type is determined by antigens on red blood cells and affects blood transfusion and pregnancy. There are 30 recognized blood group systems including ABO and RhESUS. ABO types are A, B, AB, and O based on carbohydrate antigens. RhESUS refers to the presence of the RhD antigen. Blood types must be compatible to prevent immune reaction during transfusion. Incompatible blood can cause hemolytic disease in newborns if a pregnant woman is sensitized to antigens of her fetus's blood.
Blood groups
The ABO system is the most important blood group classification for blood transfusions. People are categorized into one of four main blood groups - A, B, AB, or O - based on the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells and the antibodies in plasma. Group AB individuals have both A and B antigens and can receive blood from any group but can only donate to other AB individuals. Group B people have the B antigen and anti-A antibodies, so they can receive B or O blood and donate to B and AB individuals. Group O lack both antigens and have anti-A and anti-B antibodies, making them universal donors but able to only receive O blood.
Bombay blood group - Case report
The Bombay Blood Group is the rarest blood group first reported in Bombay, India. The blood sample of 40 year old female patient who presented with signs and symptoms suggestive of anemia was submitted to blood bank for grouping and cross-matching. Both forward and reverse grouping was done by tube method, resulting discrepancy between forward and reverse grouping. Both grouping is important for safe transfusion, if not followed may lead to people with Bombay blood group not being detected and categorized as O group. So therefore reverse or serum grouping is necessary to detect this group. We present one rare case which was diagnosed in our hospital.
Blood groups
The document discusses human blood groups and their classification. There are four main blood groups based on the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells - A, B, AB, and O. The ABO and Rh blood group systems are most important for blood transfusions due to their ability to cause transfusion reactions. Blood group O is the universal donor as it lacks antigens, while blood group AB is the universal receiver as it lacks antibodies. Rh incompatibility during pregnancy can cause a serious disorder in the fetus called erythroblastosis fetalis if the mother is Rh- and fetus is Rh+. Proper blood group matching is crucial to avoid transfusion reactions from incompatible blood groups.
Blood Group Natural Selection
This document analyzes blood group data that was collected from 125 samples. It finds that the B+ blood group is the majority with 42 samples, followed by O+ with 32 samples. Overall, 50 samples were found to be B blood group, followed by 33 as O, 21 as A and 21 as AB. The ratio of Rh positive to Rh negative samples was 115:10, or 90% to 10%. The conclusion is that B+ and O+ constitute over 50% of the total, while A+ and AB+ make up about 30%, with the minority blood groups being A-, AB-, B- and O-.
Celena's powerpoint
There are 8 major blood types categorized into 4 main groups - A, B, AB and O - which are further divided based on the presence of antigens. Type O blood is a universal donor that can be used in emergencies, while Type AB blood is a universal recipient that can receive any type. The Rh blood group also plays an important role, as Rh-negative people can only receive Rh-negative blood transfusions.
Blood groups
- The document discusses human blood groups and the ABO and Rh blood group systems. It explains that blood groups are determined by antigens on red blood cells and the antibodies in plasma that develop in response.
- The main blood groups according to ABO are A, B, AB, and O depending on whether the red blood cells express A antigens, B antigens, both, or neither. Rh status depends on the presence of D and other antigens.
- It is important to match blood groups before transfusion to avoid agglutination and transfusion reactions from incompatible blood groups. The document provides details on inheritance of blood groups and antigens/antibodies present in different blood types.
Abo blood groups
This document discusses the ABO blood group system. It notes that there are over 20 known blood group systems that are genetically determined. The ABO and Rh systems are most important for blood transfusions. The ABO system involves antigens on red blood cells and corresponding antibodies in plasma. People are categorized into one of the main blood groups - A, B, AB, or O - depending on which antigens are present on their red blood cells and which antibodies are present in their plasma. The exact genetic basis and inheritance of the ABO system is also described.
Blood groups
The document discusses blood groups and blood typing. It notes that the International Society of Blood Transfusion recognizes 30 major blood group systems, including the ABO and Rh systems. It specifically describes the rare Bombay blood group (hh) where individuals do not express the H antigen found in blood group O. It also defines blood typing as a lab test to determine a person's blood type and lists the worldwide and Pakistani frequencies of the main blood groups O, A, B, and AB.
Blood group.007[1]
The document discusses human blood groups and the Rhesus (Rh) factor. It describes the major blood group systems, including ABO and Rh, which are most important for transfusions. The ABO system includes four blood types - A, B, AB, and O - based on the antigens on red blood cells and antibodies in plasma. The Rh system involves Rh+ and Rh- blood based on the presence or absence of Rh antigens. Incompatibility between blood groups can cause dangerous clumping of red blood cells during transfusions.
Abo blood type
The document discusses the key components of blood and blood types, including that antibodies are produced by the immune system to target antigens. It explains the ABO blood group system discovered by Karl Landsteiner, including that Type O blood is the universal donor type as it lacks A and B antigens, while Type AB is the universal recipient type as it has both antigens. The document also provides information on blood transfusions, including compatibility between donor and recipient blood types to avoid agglutination of red blood cells.
Blood group
1. Karl Landsteiner discovered the main blood group systems (ABO and Rh) in 1900 and 1940 respectively. The ABO system categorizes blood into A, B, AB and O groups based on antigens on red blood cells.
2. Blood typing and cross-matching are important to ensure safe and compatible blood transfusions. Transfusing incompatible blood can cause hemolytic or allergic reactions in the recipient.
3. Other minor blood group systems have been discovered including MNS, Duffy, Kell and Lewis systems which are important for transfusion medicine and anthropological research. Understanding blood groups is crucial for blood banking and preventing diseases like hemolytic disease of the newborn.
Blood group
Karl Landsteiner discovered the main blood group systems in 1901 which allowed safer blood transfusions. The ABO system includes groups A, B, AB and O based on antigens on red blood cells. The Rh system also exists. Not all blood groups are compatible as mixing can cause clumping of red blood cells. Landsteiner's work enabled blood typing and compatible transfusions.
1.blood group
types of blood group bettre Rh factor cross match Rh incompatibility mis matc hazaeds nlood transfusion
Determination of blood group
This document discusses blood grouping and the ABO blood group system. It explains that antigens on red blood cells can be type A, type B, both (type AB) or neither (type O). Antibodies in the blood can react with these antigens to cause agglutination (clumping) of red blood cells. The document describes the slide technique used for blood grouping, where blood is mixed with anti-A, anti-B and anti-D antibodies on a slide. Agglutination indicates the presence of the corresponding antigen on the red blood cells.
Basics Of Blood group genetics
Basics Of Genetics of Blood group
Class presented by Dr Nippun Prinja(MD RESIDENT-1 IHBT) of SMS Medical college,Jaipur-302004 on 10/08/2015
Blood types
The document discusses blood types and the ABO blood group system. There are four main blood types - A, B, AB, and O - which are determined by the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells. The Rh factor is also discussed, which refers to the presence or absence of the Rh antigen and further divides blood types into eight major phenotypes. Examples of determining possible blood type genotypes and phenotypes of offspring using Punnett squares are provided.
Rh factor and its significance by Prabeen
The document discusses the ABO and Rh blood group systems. It notes that Rh factor is determined by the presence of the D antigen, and that Rh negativity can lead to complications in pregnancy and blood transfusions if the mother is exposed to Rh-positive blood. Specifically, it explains that during a first pregnancy, a Rh-negative mother will not produce anti-Rh antibodies if carrying a Rh-positive baby. However, in subsequent pregnancies, she may produce antibodies that can cross the placenta and destroy Rh-positive fetal blood cells, leading to hemolytic disease of the newborn. Proper testing of blood types is crucial to avoid transfusion reactions from Rh mismatches.
Rh Blood Group System
The document discusses the Rhesus blood group system, which was discovered in 1940 after testing human blood with rabbit antiserum against rhesus monkey red blood cells. It is one of the most polymorphic blood group systems, with over 45 antigens. The Rh system involves two closely linked genes, RHD and RHCE, which determine the presence of various antigens like D, C, c, E, and e. An Rh incompatibility during pregnancy can cause hemolytic disease of the newborn if a mother is Rh negative and carries an Rh positive baby.
Bombay blood group
The document summarizes key information about the rare Bombay blood group:
- The Bombay blood group lacks the H, A, and B antigens found on red blood cells, and those with this group have antibodies against these antigens in their plasma. It was first discovered in Bombay, India and is more common in some parts of India.
- Those with the Bombay blood group must receive blood from other Bombay donors, as their red blood cells will hemolyze if transfused with blood containing the H, A, or B antigens. Testing for this rare group involves reverse grouping or detection of H antibodies.
- It is important for those with the Bombay blood group to register with blood banks
Blood groups enas ehded
Blood group antigens are actually sugars attached to the red blood cell.
Antigens are “built” onto the red cell.
Individuals inherit a gene which codes for specific sugar(s) to be added to the red cell.
The type of sugar added determines the blood group.
Blood grouping
The document summarizes the history and science behind blood grouping and the ABO blood group system. It describes how Karl Landsteiner discovered the major ABO blood groups in 1901. It explains the antigens and antibodies present in each blood group according to Landsteiner's rule. The genetics and biochemistry of the ABO blood group system are covered, including how the H, A, and B antigens are synthesized on red blood cells. Common blood grouping techniques like forward and reverse grouping are also summarized.
Bombay blood group
- The Bombay blood group is an extremely rare blood type where red blood cells lack the H, A, and B antigens and plasma contains antibodies against these antigens.
- It was first discovered in Bombay, India in 1952 in about 1 in 10,000 people in Mumbai. Worldwide prevalence is about 1 in 1 million.
- People with this blood group can only receive blood from other Bombay blood group donors, as their blood will hemolyze if receiving blood from other blood groups.
- It is important for those with the Bombay blood group to register with blood banks so their rare blood can be available in emergencies.
Blood group 1
The document summarizes key information about blood groups and genetics. It discusses how blood type is determined by genes inherited from parents, which cause proteins called agglutinogens on red blood cells. The main blood group systems - ABO and Rh - are described. Landsteiner's laws explain the relationship between agglutinogens and agglutinins in different blood types. Compatibility between donor and recipient blood depends on preventing agglutination during transfusion. Complications can be avoided through proper cross-matching and screening of donor blood.
Blood grouping dr. rafiq
This document summarizes ABO and Rh(D) blood grouping systems. It discusses the key points of:
- The ABO system including the antigens, antibodies produced, and inheritance patterns. Group O is the universal donor.
- The Rh system focuses on the D antigen. About 85% of people are Rh positive. Sensitization can be prevented with anti-D immunoglobulin.
- Testing methods for ABO and Rh(D) typing including cell typing with monoclonal antibodies and serum typing. Weak D phenotypes require additional testing to determine Rh status.
- Clinical significance of blood group matching for transfusions to prevent hemolytic transfusion reactions. Group AB is the universal recipient.
Abo blood grp
This document summarizes the ABO blood grouping system. It describes how Karl Landsteiner discovered the A, B, and O blood groups in 1901. The system is based on the presence or absence of antigens called agglutinogens on red blood cells. People have antibodies against the agglutinogens that are not present on their own red blood cells. The genes that determine the ABO blood groups are located on chromosome 9 and are inherited according to Mendelian genetics. Blood type is determined by mixing blood cells with antisera that cause agglutination based on the antigens present.
Economy Update August 19, 2011
The document provides economic updates from several countries and regions. It discusses weak consumer sentiment and manufacturing data in the US. In the eurozone, GDP growth was lower than expected in the EU and Germany. Bond yields decreased as the ECB bought bonds, but a Franco-German summit disappointed investors by not expanding bailout funds or introducing eurozone bonds. Thailand saw rising consumer and business confidence after its recent elections, along with increased auto sales. The Thai baht remained stable compared to recent volatility.
Yamuna
The document discusses the health effects of alcohol consumption. It begins by defining alcohol as ethanol and describing its historical uses. It then discusses current views on underage drinking and how alcohol is produced through fermentation. The document outlines both short-term effects like impaired coordination and long-term health risks of alcohol to organs. It also examines factors influencing blood alcohol levels and how drinking can affect others through issues like fetal alcohol syndrome.
More Related Content
What's hot
Blood groups
- The document discusses human blood groups and the ABO and Rh blood group systems. It explains that blood groups are determined by antigens on red blood cells and the antibodies in plasma that develop in response.
- The main blood groups according to ABO are A, B, AB, and O depending on whether the red blood cells express A antigens, B antigens, both, or neither. Rh status depends on the presence of D and other antigens.
- It is important to match blood groups before transfusion to avoid agglutination and transfusion reactions from incompatible blood groups. The document provides details on inheritance of blood groups and antigens/antibodies present in different blood types.
Abo blood groups
This document discusses the ABO blood group system. It notes that there are over 20 known blood group systems that are genetically determined. The ABO and Rh systems are most important for blood transfusions. The ABO system involves antigens on red blood cells and corresponding antibodies in plasma. People are categorized into one of the main blood groups - A, B, AB, or O - depending on which antigens are present on their red blood cells and which antibodies are present in their plasma. The exact genetic basis and inheritance of the ABO system is also described.
Blood groups
The document discusses blood groups and blood typing. It notes that the International Society of Blood Transfusion recognizes 30 major blood group systems, including the ABO and Rh systems. It specifically describes the rare Bombay blood group (hh) where individuals do not express the H antigen found in blood group O. It also defines blood typing as a lab test to determine a person's blood type and lists the worldwide and Pakistani frequencies of the main blood groups O, A, B, and AB.
Blood group.007[1]
The document discusses human blood groups and the Rhesus (Rh) factor. It describes the major blood group systems, including ABO and Rh, which are most important for transfusions. The ABO system includes four blood types - A, B, AB, and O - based on the antigens on red blood cells and antibodies in plasma. The Rh system involves Rh+ and Rh- blood based on the presence or absence of Rh antigens. Incompatibility between blood groups can cause dangerous clumping of red blood cells during transfusions.
Abo blood type
The document discusses the key components of blood and blood types, including that antibodies are produced by the immune system to target antigens. It explains the ABO blood group system discovered by Karl Landsteiner, including that Type O blood is the universal donor type as it lacks A and B antigens, while Type AB is the universal recipient type as it has both antigens. The document also provides information on blood transfusions, including compatibility between donor and recipient blood types to avoid agglutination of red blood cells.
Blood group
1. Karl Landsteiner discovered the main blood group systems (ABO and Rh) in 1900 and 1940 respectively. The ABO system categorizes blood into A, B, AB and O groups based on antigens on red blood cells.
2. Blood typing and cross-matching are important to ensure safe and compatible blood transfusions. Transfusing incompatible blood can cause hemolytic or allergic reactions in the recipient.
3. Other minor blood group systems have been discovered including MNS, Duffy, Kell and Lewis systems which are important for transfusion medicine and anthropological research. Understanding blood groups is crucial for blood banking and preventing diseases like hemolytic disease of the newborn.
Blood group
Karl Landsteiner discovered the main blood group systems in 1901 which allowed safer blood transfusions. The ABO system includes groups A, B, AB and O based on antigens on red blood cells. The Rh system also exists. Not all blood groups are compatible as mixing can cause clumping of red blood cells. Landsteiner's work enabled blood typing and compatible transfusions.
1.blood group
types of blood group bettre Rh factor cross match Rh incompatibility mis matc hazaeds nlood transfusion
Determination of blood group
This document discusses blood grouping and the ABO blood group system. It explains that antigens on red blood cells can be type A, type B, both (type AB) or neither (type O). Antibodies in the blood can react with these antigens to cause agglutination (clumping) of red blood cells. The document describes the slide technique used for blood grouping, where blood is mixed with anti-A, anti-B and anti-D antibodies on a slide. Agglutination indicates the presence of the corresponding antigen on the red blood cells.
Basics Of Blood group genetics
Basics Of Genetics of Blood group
Class presented by Dr Nippun Prinja(MD RESIDENT-1 IHBT) of SMS Medical college,Jaipur-302004 on 10/08/2015
Blood types
The document discusses blood types and the ABO blood group system. There are four main blood types - A, B, AB, and O - which are determined by the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells. The Rh factor is also discussed, which refers to the presence or absence of the Rh antigen and further divides blood types into eight major phenotypes. Examples of determining possible blood type genotypes and phenotypes of offspring using Punnett squares are provided.
Rh factor and its significance by Prabeen
The document discusses the ABO and Rh blood group systems. It notes that Rh factor is determined by the presence of the D antigen, and that Rh negativity can lead to complications in pregnancy and blood transfusions if the mother is exposed to Rh-positive blood. Specifically, it explains that during a first pregnancy, a Rh-negative mother will not produce anti-Rh antibodies if carrying a Rh-positive baby. However, in subsequent pregnancies, she may produce antibodies that can cross the placenta and destroy Rh-positive fetal blood cells, leading to hemolytic disease of the newborn. Proper testing of blood types is crucial to avoid transfusion reactions from Rh mismatches.
Rh Blood Group System
The document discusses the Rhesus blood group system, which was discovered in 1940 after testing human blood with rabbit antiserum against rhesus monkey red blood cells. It is one of the most polymorphic blood group systems, with over 45 antigens. The Rh system involves two closely linked genes, RHD and RHCE, which determine the presence of various antigens like D, C, c, E, and e. An Rh incompatibility during pregnancy can cause hemolytic disease of the newborn if a mother is Rh negative and carries an Rh positive baby.
Bombay blood group
The document summarizes key information about the rare Bombay blood group:
- The Bombay blood group lacks the H, A, and B antigens found on red blood cells, and those with this group have antibodies against these antigens in their plasma. It was first discovered in Bombay, India and is more common in some parts of India.
- Those with the Bombay blood group must receive blood from other Bombay donors, as their red blood cells will hemolyze if transfused with blood containing the H, A, or B antigens. Testing for this rare group involves reverse grouping or detection of H antibodies.
- It is important for those with the Bombay blood group to register with blood banks
Blood groups enas ehded
Blood group antigens are actually sugars attached to the red blood cell.
Antigens are “built” onto the red cell.
Individuals inherit a gene which codes for specific sugar(s) to be added to the red cell.
The type of sugar added determines the blood group.
Blood grouping
The document summarizes the history and science behind blood grouping and the ABO blood group system. It describes how Karl Landsteiner discovered the major ABO blood groups in 1901. It explains the antigens and antibodies present in each blood group according to Landsteiner's rule. The genetics and biochemistry of the ABO blood group system are covered, including how the H, A, and B antigens are synthesized on red blood cells. Common blood grouping techniques like forward and reverse grouping are also summarized.
Bombay blood group
- The Bombay blood group is an extremely rare blood type where red blood cells lack the H, A, and B antigens and plasma contains antibodies against these antigens.
- It was first discovered in Bombay, India in 1952 in about 1 in 10,000 people in Mumbai. Worldwide prevalence is about 1 in 1 million.
- People with this blood group can only receive blood from other Bombay blood group donors, as their blood will hemolyze if receiving blood from other blood groups.
- It is important for those with the Bombay blood group to register with blood banks so their rare blood can be available in emergencies.
Blood group 1
The document summarizes key information about blood groups and genetics. It discusses how blood type is determined by genes inherited from parents, which cause proteins called agglutinogens on red blood cells. The main blood group systems - ABO and Rh - are described. Landsteiner's laws explain the relationship between agglutinogens and agglutinins in different blood types. Compatibility between donor and recipient blood depends on preventing agglutination during transfusion. Complications can be avoided through proper cross-matching and screening of donor blood.
Blood grouping dr. rafiq
This document summarizes ABO and Rh(D) blood grouping systems. It discusses the key points of:
- The ABO system including the antigens, antibodies produced, and inheritance patterns. Group O is the universal donor.
- The Rh system focuses on the D antigen. About 85% of people are Rh positive. Sensitization can be prevented with anti-D immunoglobulin.
- Testing methods for ABO and Rh(D) typing including cell typing with monoclonal antibodies and serum typing. Weak D phenotypes require additional testing to determine Rh status.
- Clinical significance of blood group matching for transfusions to prevent hemolytic transfusion reactions. Group AB is the universal recipient.
Abo blood grp
This document summarizes the ABO blood grouping system. It describes how Karl Landsteiner discovered the A, B, and O blood groups in 1901. The system is based on the presence or absence of antigens called agglutinogens on red blood cells. People have antibodies against the agglutinogens that are not present on their own red blood cells. The genes that determine the ABO blood groups are located on chromosome 9 and are inherited according to Mendelian genetics. Blood type is determined by mixing blood cells with antisera that cause agglutination based on the antigens present.
What's hot (20)
Viewers also liked
Economy Update August 19, 2011
The document provides economic updates from several countries and regions. It discusses weak consumer sentiment and manufacturing data in the US. In the eurozone, GDP growth was lower than expected in the EU and Germany. Bond yields decreased as the ECB bought bonds, but a Franco-German summit disappointed investors by not expanding bailout funds or introducing eurozone bonds. Thailand saw rising consumer and business confidence after its recent elections, along with increased auto sales. The Thai baht remained stable compared to recent volatility.
Yamuna
The document discusses the health effects of alcohol consumption. It begins by defining alcohol as ethanol and describing its historical uses. It then discusses current views on underage drinking and how alcohol is produced through fermentation. The document outlines both short-term effects like impaired coordination and long-term health risks of alcohol to organs. It also examines factors influencing blood alcohol levels and how drinking can affect others through issues like fetal alcohol syndrome.
Flowsheet Decomposition Heuristic for Scheduling: A Relax & Fix Method
Decomposing large problems into several smaller subproblems is well-known in any problem solving endeavor and forms the basis for our flowsheet decomposition heuristic (FDH) described in this short note. It can be used as an effective strategy to decrease the time necessary to find good integer-feasible solutions when solving closed-shop scheduling problems found in the process industries. The technique is to appropriately assign each piece of equipment (i.e., process-units and storage-vessels) into groups and then to sequence these groups according to the material-flow-path of the production network following the engineering structure of the problem. As many mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problems are solved as there are groups, solved in a pre-specified order, fixing the binary variables after each MILP and proceeding to the next. In each MILP, only the binary variables associated with the current group are explicit search variables. The others associated with the un-searched on binary variables (or the next in-line equipment) are relaxed. Three examples are detailed which establishes the effectiveness of this relax-and-fix type heuristic.
Alkylation of Diphenyl Oxide with Benzyl Alcohol over HZSM-5
The study investigated the alkylation of diphenyl oxide with benzyl alcohol over HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst. Experiments were conducted in a glass reactor at 120°C for 3 hours with a catalyst loading of 100kg/m3. Analysis showed the reaction produced an isomeric mixture of benzyl-diphenyl-oxide. Kinetic studies established the reaction as pseudo-first order and found the activation energy to be 26.74kJ/mol. The catalyst was determined to be reusable with a conversion decrease from fresh to first reuse.
GT-SPOC
The GT-SPOC technology is a novel approach to sulfur recovery that was developed by ConocoPhillips and is now licensed by GTC Technology. It uses a selective partial oxidation catalytic combustion process in the GT-CataFlame section to allow high reaction rates with short contact times. This leads to a substantially reduced footprint and lower capital costs than conventional Claus processes. The gases then enter a waste heat boiler and optional reheating section before the Claus reactors to further recover sulfur. The compact design and consistent air demand allow for easier start-up and shutdown compared to traditional Claus units.
Generalized capital investment planning of oil-refineries using CPLEX-MILP an...
Performing capital investment planning (CIP) is traditionally done using linear (LP) or nonlinear (NLP) models whereby a gamut of scenarios are generated and manually searched to make expand and/or install decisions. Though mixed-integer nonlinear (MINLP) solvers have made significant advancements, they are often slow for industrial expenditure optimizations. We propose a more tractable approach using mixed-integer linear (MILP) model and input-output (Leontief) models whereby the nonlinearities are approximated to linearized operations, activities, or modes in large-scaled flowsheet problems. To model the different types of CIP's known as revamping, retrofitting, and repairing, we unify the modeling by combining planning balances with the scheduling concepts of sequence-dependent changeovers to represent the construction, commission, and correction stages explicitly. Similar applications can be applied to process design synthesis, asset allocation and utilization, and turnaround and inspection scheduling. Two motivating examples illustrate the modeling, and a retrofit example and an oil-refinery investment planning are highlighted.
Viewers also liked (6)
Flowsheet Decomposition Heuristic for Scheduling: A Relax & Fix Method
Flowsheet Decomposition Heuristic for Scheduling: A Relax & Fix Method
Alkylation of Diphenyl Oxide with Benzyl Alcohol over HZSM-5
Alkylation of Diphenyl Oxide with Benzyl Alcohol over HZSM-5
Generalized capital investment planning of oil-refineries using CPLEX-MILP an...
Generalized capital investment planning of oil-refineries using CPLEX-MILP an...
Similar to Mounika
Blood group determination
Blood is defined as the connective tissue and it also contain such components such as RBC, WBC, Platelets,
Abo blood groups
The ABO blood group system was discovered in 1900 by Karl Landsteiner, who identified three main blood types: A, B, and O. The fourth type, AB, was discovered later. People have antigens on their red blood cells and corresponding antibodies in their plasma. Blood type is inherited and determines compatibility for transfusions. Type O negative blood can be donated to all recipients, while type AB positive can receive from all donors.
Blood Groups & Rh antigens.pptx
This document provides information about blood groups and blood typing. It discusses the key blood group systems, including ABO and Rh, which are most important for blood transfusions. The ABO system divides blood into four main types - A, B, AB, and O - based on the presence or absence of A and B antigens on red blood cells and antibodies in the plasma. The Rh system indicates if the blood is positive or negative for the Rh antigen. Proper matching of blood types is essential to prevent dangerous transfusion reactions from the immune system attacking foreign blood antigens.
blood banking slides. Slideshare....pptx
G8yct8cutxt8x7tx7txt7x57x57x57x75x75x856x996c7007cc0707cy9ct8xrucjf igccoh9ycy9cy99ycy9ictxr7xurzr7z6rz7rzr7x7tx586c99c6cy9yc8c79cy9cu9v9uvu0vu0vuovuvyoovyvyocy96c8y8ctx75d7tdr77rddr7dr7rx77xrxr7xr7
BLOOD GROUP & IT’s TYPES.pptx
The document discusses blood groups and their types. It begins with definitions of blood groups and why knowing types is important. The four main blood groups are then explained: A, B, AB, and O. The history of discovering blood groups is provided, with Karl Landsteiner first identifying the four types in 1901. Methods for determining blood group are also outlined, including the tube method. Reasons for blood transfusions and matching blood types are explained.
BLOOD GROUPING by Sumi.pptx
The document summarizes blood grouping and typing. It discusses how Landsteiner discovered the major blood types A, B, and O in 1901. Blood typing is based on the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells, resulting in types A, B, AB, and O, which can also be Rh-positive or negative. O positive blood is the most common and can be donated to all blood types, making it the universal donor. AB negative and positive blood are the rarest types but can receive any blood, making them universal recipients. Blood typing allows safe blood transfusions and donation.
BLOOD GROUPING by Sumi.pptx
The document summarizes blood grouping and typing. It discusses how Landsteiner discovered the major blood types A, B, and O in 1901. Blood typing is based on the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells, resulting in types A, B, AB, and O, which can also be Rh-positive or negative. O positive blood is the most common and can be donated to all blood types, making it the universal donor. AB negative and positive blood are the rarest types but can receive any blood, making them universal recipients. Blood typing allows safe blood transfusions and donation.
easylearningwithned.blogspot.com-BLOOD GROUP.pdf
This document discusses blood groups and blood typing. It explains that there are four main blood groups - A, B, AB, and O - which are determined by the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells and antibodies in plasma. Group O blood is the universal donor as it lacks antigens, while Group AB blood is the universal recipient as it possesses both A and B antigens but lacks antibodies. The document also covers Rh factor blood typing and discusses issues that can arise during pregnancy when the mother's and baby's Rh factors are incompatible. It describes how blood grouping is performed using the agglutination of red blood cells and specific antisera to identify antigens.
blood groups.pptx
There are four main blood groups - A, B, AB, and O - which are determined by the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells. Antibodies in the plasma are either A or B, depending on which antigens are absent. Blood group compatibility must be checked during transfusions to avoid the recipient's antibodies attacking antigens in the donor's blood. The Rh factor also determines transfusion compatibility, and transfusing Rh-positive blood into a Rh-negative recipient can cause health issues upon repeated exposure.
BLOOD GROUP NAHID
This presentation summarizes the ABO blood group system. It defines blood groups as classifications based on antigens on red blood cells, with over 30 known human blood group systems containing over 600 antigens. The ABO system was discovered by Karl Landsteiner in 1901 and recognizes the A, B, AB, and O blood groups based on the presence or absence of A and B antigens. The characteristics of each blood group determine who can donate to and receive from whom. ABO antibodies are clinically significant as they are naturally occurring, universal, and highly reactive. Understanding blood groups is important for transfusion safety and other medical applications.
Abo blood group system
ABO blood group system given by Karl Landsteiner.
Also includes details about Bombay Blood Group and Rh blood group System.
Abo blood group system by Pandian M, Tutor, Dept of Physiology, DYPMCKOP.
SLO’s
INTRODUCTION
HISTORICAL REVIEW
EVOLUTION
CLASSIFICATION
ABOUT CLASSICAL ABO BLOOD GROUPING SYSTEM
AGGLUTINOGENS
AGGLUTININS
TYPES OF ABO BLOOD GROUPS
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION
INHERITANCE
DETERMINATION
CLINICAL IMPRTANCE
Blood groups PPT - Lakshita Kumari.pptx
Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in the early 1900s. He found that mixing blood samples led to clumping, based on the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells. The Landsteiner law states that individuals form antibodies against antigens they lack. Blood types are classified as A, B, AB, or O based on the antigens present. Type O blood lacks A and B antigens and can be donated universally, while type AB blood has both antigens and can receive transfusions from any type. Proper matching of donor and recipient blood types is crucial to avoid immune reactions.
abo_blood_group_system_dr.gm.pptx.ppt
The ABO blood group system was discovered in 1900 by Karl Landsteiner, who identified three main blood types - A, B, and O. ABO blood types are determined by sugar molecules on red blood cell surfaces. People with type O blood can donate to all types, while type AB individuals can receive from all types. The Rh system was later discovered, with Rh+ and Rh- types that can cause hemolytic disease of the newborn if an Rh- mother has multiple Rh+ babies. Anti-Rh antibodies can prevent this condition.
Blood grouping.pdf
The document summarizes the ABO and Rh blood group systems. It explains that the ABO system categorizes blood into four main groups - A, B, AB, and O - based on the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells. The Rh system further distinguishes blood as Rh positive or negative based on the presence of the D antigen. The document outlines Karl Landsteiner's discovery of the ABO system in 1901 and the discovery of the Rh system in 1940. It notes that the ABO system is important for blood transfusions and describes the potential for Rh incompatibility between mother and fetus.
ABO Blood Grouping
This document discusses multiple alleles and the ABO blood grouping system. It begins by defining alleles and describing how multiple alleles can exist for a single gene. It then focuses on explaining the ABO blood grouping system, which is controlled by three alleles (IA, IB, IO) that determine the A, B, and O blood types. The document outlines the antigens and antibodies present in each blood type, as well as rare blood types like Bombay and Rhnull. It also discusses cross-matching for transfusions and potential sources of errors or mutations in blood group transmission.
BLOOD GROUP AND BLOOD TYPING .pptx
Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1901. The four main blood groups are A, B, AB, and O based on the presence or absence of antigens A and B. The Rh factor is also important, with Rh positive blood containing the Rhesus protein and Rh negative blood lacking it. Problems can occur during pregnancy if the mother's blood is Rh negative and the baby's is Rh positive. Blood typing methods involve adding blood and antiserum to test for agglutination and determine blood group. Knowledge of blood groups is important for blood donation and transfusion compatibility.
O positive (O+) or O negative (O-) blood group: what are the differences?
- Blood type O positive (O+) people have red blood cells that are not coated with antigens and their blood can be transfused to other O+ people as well as A+, B+, and AB+ people. However, O+ people can only receive blood from other O+ or O- donors.
- Blood type O negative (O-) people do not have antigens on their red blood cells and are considered "universal donors" as their blood can be transfused to people of any blood type. However, O- people can only receive blood from other O- donors.
- Only O- blood is considered a universal donor type as it can be given to anyone regardless of their blood type due to the absence of
abobloodgroupsystem-170121130000.pptx
The ABO blood group system is one of the most important blood group systems for transfusions. It is determined by the ABO gene which has three alleles - IA, IB, and i - that encode for the A, B, and O antigens, respectively. The ABO blood types are determined by which alleles are present: IAIA or IAi produce type A blood, IBIB or IBi produce type B, IAIB produces AB, and ii produces O. The Rh system, specifically the D antigen, is the second most important blood group and sensitization to the D antigen in Rh-negative pregnant women can cause hemolytic disease of the newborn if not prevented.
Similar to Mounika (20)
BLOOD groups and their types[1].pdf to study different kinds of blood system
BLOOD groups and their types[1].pdf to study different kinds of blood system
Abo blood group system by Pandian M, Tutor, Dept of Physiology, DYPMCKOP.
Abo blood group system by Pandian M, Tutor, Dept of Physiology, DYPMCKOP.
O positive (O+) or O negative (O-) blood group: what are the differences?
O positive (O+) or O negative (O-) blood group: what are the differences?
More from vgprasad
Likitha
Chemistry plays an important role in many everyday activities and products. Paints, varnishes, insect sprays, vehicles, alarm clocks, cleaners, and water purification all involve chemical processes and reactions. The human body itself relies on chemistry and is made up of water and elements like oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, calcium, hydrogen, and phosphorus. Nearly every aspect of daily life, from eating, drinking, cooking, personal care products, fuels, and more, has an underlying basis in chemistry.
Yamini
This document discusses various types of environmental pollution including water pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution, and acid rain. It outlines the causes and effects of each type of pollution as well as potential measures to address them. Water pollution refers to contamination of water bodies caused by human activities and can harm aquatic plants and organisms. Soil pollution occurs when chemicals enter the soil and alter its natural environment. Noise pollution increases the risk of health issues like headaches and heart problems. Acid rain was discovered in 1971 and forms when emissions from vehicles and industry combine with water vapor in the atmosphere. It damages ecosystems and releases toxic chemicals like aluminum into water and soil.
Vishnupriya
Nanotechnology involves manipulating matter at the nanoscale, between 1 to 100 nanometers. It has the potential to create many new materials and devices with applications in fields like medicine, electronics, and energy. While it offers advantages like more efficient solar cells and targeted drug delivery, it also raises health and environmental concerns due to the unknown impacts of nanoparticles. Further research is needed to better understand nanomaterials and their interactions before many potential applications can be realized.
Thejasree
This document discusses the field of catalysis. It begins by noting that 24% of GDP comes from products that use catalysts in areas like food, fuels, chemicals and more. It then discusses the importance of catalysis in petroleum refining, chemical processes, and pollution control technologies. The document outlines the steps in a catalytic reaction and describes techniques for characterizing catalysts and testing their activity. It provides examples of applications of catalysis in industries like chemicals and environment. Recent trends discussed include catalysts for biodiesel and carbon nanotubes. The document concludes by anticipating future directions in catalysis related to alternative feedstocks, process control, and improvements in fuel cells.
Sruthi presentation
Fertilizers can be mineral or organic and their quality is assessed based on physical and chemical characteristics like moisture content and nutrients. Moisture content is determined by the method of water of crystallization using sulfuric acid. Gravimetric analysis uses an oven-drying method to estimate moisture and involves chemicals like ammonium sulfate and sodium nitrate. Urea nitrogen content can be estimated along with total nitrogen through digestion with sulfuric acid.
Soujanya
This document provides an introduction to parapsychology. It defines parapsychology as the study of psychological phenomena that go beyond normal sensory perception. It discusses ESP (extrasensory perception) and different types of ESP, including precognition, psychokinesis, telepathy, and clairvoyance. It also discusses experiments that have been conducted to test for ESP, as well as criticisms from skeptics who argue that evidence for ESP is inconclusive or can be explained by deception, bias, or poor methodology.
Sangeetha
This document discusses the preparation and role of ice cream in daily life. It outlines the key ingredients used to make ice cream such as milk, skimmed milk powder, sugar, butter, stabilizers and emulsifiers. The document provides a flow diagram of the ice cream making process which involves receiving milk, standardization, pre-heating, addition of ingredients, pasteurization, homogenization, chilling, aging, freezing, packing and hardening. It also discusses FSSAI standards for ice cream and lists advantages of ice cream such as providing calcium, strengthening bones and providing nutrition.
Sandhya
The document describes experiments conducted to qualitatively analyze the contents of different brands of cold drinks. Tests were performed to detect the presence of pH, carbon dioxide, glucose, phosphate, alcohol and sucrose. The results showed that all cold drinks contained these components, though the amounts varied between brands. Coca Cola had the lowest pH and highest acidity, while Fanta contained the most sucrose. Sprite had the maximum carbon dioxide content. The analysis concluded that while cold drinks provide energy, they can also be harmful in large quantities due to their sugar and acid content.
Rupa presentation
Bleaching powder is used to sterilize and disinfect water by killing harmful germs and bacteria that can cause diseases. It works by releasing chlorine when mixed with water, following the chemical reaction of CaOCl2 + H2O → Ca(OH)2+Cl2. Bleaching powder sterilizes water through maximum utilization of released chlorine, leaving no impurities and being harmless in minimum amounts, and is a convenient method to kill germs in water.
Role of chemistry in every day life
This document discusses the role of chemistry in everyday life. It notes that chemistry is important in areas like food, medicine, diseases, and daily activities. The human body itself is largely composed of chemical compounds - roughly 96% of the human body's mass is made up of just four elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen. Chemistry helps in understanding vitamins, supplements, and how drugs can help or harm the body. It also plays a role in medical research to understand diseases on a molecular level.
Reshma presentation
Fermentation is the slow decomposition of organic compounds into simpler substances by enzymes. It involves the conversion of sugars and carbohydrates into carbon dioxide, alcohol, or organic acids. Common examples are the souring of wine during winemaking and the production of beer through grain fermentation. The primary uses of fermentation are to convert juices into wine, grains into beer, and carbohydrates into carbon dioxide to leaven bread or turn sugars in vegetables into preservative organic acids.
Reshma2
This document discusses acids and bases. It defines acids as solutions with an excess of H+ ions, noting that they have sour tastes, can corrode substances, and turn litmus paper red. Common acids include acetic acid in vinegar and citric acid in fruits. Bases are defined as solutions with an excess of OH- ions, noting they have bitter tastes and turn litmus paper blue. Common bases are found in soaps, ammonia, and cleaning products. The document also explains the pH scale for measuring acidity and alkalinity and how acid-base reactions result in neutralization and salt formation.
Radhika
Antacids are medications used to treat heartburn and acid indigestion by coating the esophagus with a protective barrier against stomach acid and producing a gel on the stomach surface to prevent acid from entering the esophagus. While antacids can prevent ulcer perforation and provide relief from heartburn and indigestion, too much calcium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate can cause rebound acidity by raising the pH too much or disrupting blood chemistry. Synthetic antacids are the most effective at changing pH but also risk raising it too high.
Prasannakumar
Nuclear power works by initiating and controlling nuclear chain reactions to generate heat from nuclear fission. Uranium is the most common nuclear fuel used, as its isotope U-235 can sustain a nuclear chain reaction. In a nuclear reactor, neutrons from fission split uranium atoms, releasing more neutrons and heat energy. Control rods absorb neutrons to control the rate of the chain reaction. The heat is used to generate steam to turn turbines and produce electricity. Spent fuel, control rods, and coolant must be safely managed as they are radioactive.
Nasreen
This document discusses different types of drugs: stimulants like amphetamines and cocaine that speed up the brain and nervous system, depressants like alcohol and heroin that slow them down, and hallucinogens like ecstasy and marijuana that alter consciousness. Nicotine from cigarettes is highly addictive and causes long-term health problems. Heroin is processed from morphine and taken as a powder or liquid, often by injection, and causes flushing, dry mouth, liver disease and collapsed veins. Marijuana is extracted from cannabis plants and leads to anxiety, lung cancer, breathing problems and damage to cells when consumed. The document also lists some protective factors against substance abuse.
Manusha
This document discusses ozone, including its formation, types, effects on humans and plants, and causes. Ozone is formed in the stratosphere, where it protects life from UV rays, but is also found as a pollutant in the troposphere. Ground-level ozone can cause respiratory issues for humans and foliar injury in plants. It discusses optimal weather conditions for high ozone levels, human health impacts like asthma, and plant impacts like reduced growth. Causes of ozone pollution and measures to reduce it are also mentioned.
Likitha
Chemistry plays an important role in many everyday activities and products. Paints, varnishes, insect sprays, vehicles, alarm clocks, cleaners, and water purification all involve chemical processes and reactions. The human body itself relies on chemistry and is made up of water and elements like oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, calcium, hydrogen, and phosphorus. Nearly every aspect of daily life, from eating, drinking, cooking, personal care products, fuels, and more, has an underlying basis in chemistry.
Keerthi
This document outlines the principles of green chemistry. It begins with an introduction stating that green chemistry aims to safeguard the environment by preventing pollution at its source and eliminating hazardous substances. It then lists 12 principles proposed by Paul Anastas and John Warner, including preventing waste generation, designing safer chemicals and products, and using safer solvents and reaction conditions. Examples provided of green chemistry innovations include the use of carbon dioxide as a blowing agent for polystyrene foam and the production of polylactic acid polymers and carpet tiles. In closing, it acknowledges the support of Vijayam Degree College faculty.
Hymavathi
This document discusses the effects of perfumes and fragrances. It notes that perfumes can contain up to 600 chemical ingredients, but less than 20% have been tested for toxicity. The fragrances can cause health effects on the skin, lungs, and brain, and can trigger asthma attacks in many people. The chemicals are absorbed through the skin, nose, and mouth and transported throughout the body, potentially causing symptoms like headaches, sneezing, and difficulty concentrating. The best way to avoid negative effects is to avoid using fragrances.
More from vgprasad (20)
Recently uploaded
BIOLOGY NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL (NECO) 2024 PRACTICAL MANUAL.pptx
Practical manual for National Examination Council, Nigeria.
Contains guides on answering questions on the specimens provided
How to Predict Vendor Bill Product in Odoo 17
This slide will guide us through the process of predicting vendor bill products based on previous purchases from the vendor in Odoo 17.
Stack Memory Organization of 8086 Microprocessor
The stack memory organization of 8086 microprocessor.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17
In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
Physical pharmaceutics notes for B.pharm students
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation results
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
Geography as a Discipline Chapter 1 __ Class 11 Geography NCERT _ Class Notes...
Geography as discipline
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Aberdeen
Recently uploaded (20)
BIOLOGY NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL (NECO) 2024 PRACTICAL MANUAL.pptx
BIOLOGY NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL (NECO) 2024 PRACTICAL MANUAL.pptx
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...
REASIGNACION 2024 UGEL CHUPACA 2024 UGEL CHUPACA.pdf
REASIGNACION 2024 UGEL CHUPACA 2024 UGEL CHUPACA.pdf
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
Geography as a Discipline Chapter 1 __ Class 11 Geography NCERT _ Class Notes...
Geography as a Discipline Chapter 1 __ Class 11 Geography NCERT _ Class Notes...
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
SWOT analysis in the project Keeping the Memory @live.pptx
SWOT analysis in the project Keeping the Memory @live.pptx
Mounika
- 1. BY M.Mounika
- 2. Blood group were first identified by KARL LANDSTEINER Blood groups are classified into 4 types they are 1.A 2.B 3.AB 4.O
- 3. The presence of protein or lack of it is refferred as RH factor If blood contain the protein it is RH positive If blood lacks the protein it is RH negative
- 4. Group A-has A antigen and B antibodx Group B-has B antigen and A antibody Group AB-has both A and B antigens(no antibodies) Group O-(antigens absent) both A and B antibodies are present
- 5. Group O can donate red blood cells to any body so it is called Universal donar Group AB can donate red blood cells to other AB blood group but can receive blood from any other group
- 6. Group A can donate red blood cells to A and AB Group B can donate red blood cells to B and AB
- 7. RH positive can receive positive or negative blood RH negative can only receive negative blood
- 8. Blood is in different colour in different animals
- 9. Green blood is present in lizards
- 10. Yellow blood is present in sea cucumber due to the presence of vanadium
- 11. White blood is present cockroach because there is no respiratory pigment in cockroaches
- 12. Blue colour blood is present in crabs due to the present of copper
- 13. Red blood is present in humans due to the presence of Hemoglobin
- 14. I THANK VIJAYAM DEGREE COLLEGE FOR GIVING ME THIS OPPURTUNITY
- 15. THANK YOU