blood groups.pptx
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There are four main blood groups - A, B, AB, and O - which are determined by the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells. Antibodies in the plasma are either A or B, depending on which antigens are absent. Blood group compatibility must be checked during transfusions to avoid the recipient's antibodies attacking antigens in the donor's blood. The Rh factor also determines transfusion compatibility, and transfusing Rh-positive blood into a Rh-negative recipient can cause health issues upon repeated exposure.
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ABO BLOOD GROUP
ABO blood group RH FACTOR Agglutination test clinical significant of ABO BLOOD group and bomby phenotype erythroblastsis fetalis
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This document discusses multiple alleles and the ABO blood grouping system. It begins by defining alleles and describing how multiple alleles can exist for a single gene. It then focuses on explaining the ABO blood grouping system, which is controlled by three alleles (IA, IB, IO) that determine the A, B, and O blood types. The document outlines the antigens and antibodies present in each blood type, as well as rare blood types like Bombay and Rhnull. It also discusses cross-matching for transfusions and potential sources of errors or mutations in blood group transmission.
BLOOD GROUPING AND CROSS MATCHING.pptx
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ABO SYTEM
INTRODUCTION ON ABO SYSTEM AND KARL LANSTIENER
LANSTEINER'S LAW
PRESENCE AND ABSENCE OF ANTIGEN AND ANTIBODIES
RH SYSTEM INCLUDING RH ANTIGEN AND POITIVE AND NEGATIVE BLOOD GROUPS
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If a doctor talks about your blood type, usually he or she is referring to two things: your type in the ABO system and Rhesus (Rh) factor. Human blood type is determined by antigens on the red blood cells. An antigen is a structure on the cell surface that causes a human immune response reacts to if the structure is foreign to the person’s body. Consequently, blood type match is of crucial importance. The donor’s blood type is identified at the Blood Centre, and the patient’s blood type is determined before transfusion. Here is everything you need to know!
BLOOD GROUPING by Sumi.pptx
The document summarizes blood grouping and typing. It discusses how Landsteiner discovered the major blood types A, B, and O in 1901. Blood typing is based on the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells, resulting in types A, B, AB, and O, which can also be Rh-positive or negative. O positive blood is the most common and can be donated to all blood types, making it the universal donor. AB negative and positive blood are the rarest types but can receive any blood, making them universal recipients. Blood typing allows safe blood transfusions and donation.
BLOOD GROUPING by Sumi.pptx
The document summarizes blood grouping and typing. It discusses how Landsteiner discovered the major blood types A, B, and O in 1901. Blood typing is based on the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells, resulting in types A, B, AB, and O, which can also be Rh-positive or negative. O positive blood is the most common and can be donated to all blood types, making it the universal donor. AB negative and positive blood are the rarest types but can receive any blood, making them universal recipients. Blood typing allows safe blood transfusions and donation.
Bloodgroups
This document discusses the history and science behind blood typing and blood transfusions. It covers the following key points:
- Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1901 and was awarded the Nobel Prize for this work. The Rh factor was discovered in 1930.
- Blood types are determined by the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells and the presence of corresponding antibodies in the plasma. The major blood group systems are ABO and Rh.
- Incompatible blood groups can cause blood clotting during transfusions. Type O negative blood is the "universal donor" as it lacks A, B and Rh antigens, while type AB positive is the "universal receiver."
- Not following blood
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ABO BLOOD GROUP
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BLOOD GROUPING AND CROSS MATCHING.pptx
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overview of blood grouping
History
classification of blood typing
ABO SYTEM
INTRODUCTION ON ABO SYSTEM AND KARL LANSTIENER
LANSTEINER'S LAW
PRESENCE AND ABSENCE OF ANTIGEN AND ANTIBODIES
RH SYSTEM INCLUDING RH ANTIGEN AND POITIVE AND NEGATIVE BLOOD GROUPS
BLOOD GROUP COMPATABILITY
EXPLANATION ON CROSS MATCHING
TYPES OF CROSS MATCHING INCLUDING MAJOR AND MINOR
NOTE ON UNIVERSAL DONOR AND RECIPIENT
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If a doctor talks about your blood type, usually he or she is referring to two things: your type in the ABO system and Rhesus (Rh) factor. Human blood type is determined by antigens on the red blood cells. An antigen is a structure on the cell surface that causes a human immune response reacts to if the structure is foreign to the person’s body. Consequently, blood type match is of crucial importance. The donor’s blood type is identified at the Blood Centre, and the patient’s blood type is determined before transfusion. Here is everything you need to know!
BLOOD GROUPING by Sumi.pptx
The document summarizes blood grouping and typing. It discusses how Landsteiner discovered the major blood types A, B, and O in 1901. Blood typing is based on the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells, resulting in types A, B, AB, and O, which can also be Rh-positive or negative. O positive blood is the most common and can be donated to all blood types, making it the universal donor. AB negative and positive blood are the rarest types but can receive any blood, making them universal recipients. Blood typing allows safe blood transfusions and donation.
BLOOD GROUPING by Sumi.pptx
The document summarizes blood grouping and typing. It discusses how Landsteiner discovered the major blood types A, B, and O in 1901. Blood typing is based on the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells, resulting in types A, B, AB, and O, which can also be Rh-positive or negative. O positive blood is the most common and can be donated to all blood types, making it the universal donor. AB negative and positive blood are the rarest types but can receive any blood, making them universal recipients. Blood typing allows safe blood transfusions and donation.
Bloodgroups
This document discusses the history and science behind blood typing and blood transfusions. It covers the following key points:
- Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1901 and was awarded the Nobel Prize for this work. The Rh factor was discovered in 1930.
- Blood types are determined by the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells and the presence of corresponding antibodies in the plasma. The major blood group systems are ABO and Rh.
- Incompatible blood groups can cause blood clotting during transfusions. Type O negative blood is the "universal donor" as it lacks A, B and Rh antigens, while type AB positive is the "universal receiver."
- Not following blood
Blood groups
This document discusses the history and science behind blood typing and blood transfusions. It covers the following key points:
- Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1901 and was awarded the Nobel Prize for this work. The Rh factor was discovered in 1930.
- Blood types are determined by the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells and the presence of corresponding antibodies in the plasma. The major blood group systems are ABO and Rh.
- The ABO system includes four blood types - A, B, AB, and O - based on whether the red cells have A antigens, B antigens, both, or neither. Compatibility for transfusion depends on this.
- The Rh system
Blood Typing PPT.ppt
Karl Landsteiner discovered the main human blood groups (A, B, AB and O) in 1901. He found that mixing blood from two individuals can cause clumping of red blood cells. This occurs due to the presence of antigens on red blood cells and corresponding antibodies in plasma. Landsteiner's discovery made blood transfusions safer by allowing blood typing. There are over 20 blood group systems but ABO and Rh (Rhesus) are most important. ABO blood groups are determined by inheritance of A, B or O alleles while Rh status depends on presence/absence of the D antigen. Compatibility between donor and recipient blood is crucial to avoid dangerous immune reactions.
ABO BLOOD GROUPING AND RH FACTOR
ABO BLOOD GROUPING IS DIVIDED IN TO 4 TYPE OF BLOOD GROUP
1 A 2 B 3 AB 4 O
TYPE AB IS KNOWN AS A UNIVERSAL RECIPIENT
TYPE O KNOWN AS A UNIVERSAL DONOR
Blood grouping.pdf
The document summarizes the ABO and Rh blood group systems. It explains that the ABO system categorizes blood into four main groups - A, B, AB, and O - based on the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells. The Rh system further distinguishes blood as Rh positive or negative based on the presence of the D antigen. The document outlines Karl Landsteiner's discovery of the ABO system in 1901 and the discovery of the Rh system in 1940. It notes that the ABO system is important for blood transfusions and describes the potential for Rh incompatibility between mother and fetus.
pamphlets.docx
There are two main blood group systems - ABO and Rh. The ABO system categorizes blood as A, B, AB, or O based on antigens on red blood cells. The Rh system depends on the presence of the D antigen, with Rh-positive having the D antigen and Rh-negative lacking it. Blood type is very important for compatibility in transfusions, with O-negative blood being the universal donor and AB-positive the universal recipient.
讲课2 Blood Component
1. The document discusses blood component therapy, including the components of blood, blood typing and compatibility, and the use of specific blood components for transfusion. It describes how whole blood can be separated into red blood cells, platelets, plasma, and other components.
2. Compatibility of blood type between donor and recipient is important to avoid agglutination or other adverse reactions. The ABO and Rh blood group systems are discussed.
3. Blood component transfusion involves using specific isolated components like red blood cells, platelets, or plasma rather than whole blood, allowing targeted therapy for different conditions. Risks and benefits of different components are reviewed.
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1. The document discusses blood component therapy, including the components of blood, blood typing and compatibility, and the use of specific blood components for transfusion. It describes how whole blood can be separated into red blood cells, platelets, plasma, and other components.
2. Compatibility of blood type between donor and recipient is important to avoid agglutination or other adverse reactions. The ABO and Rh blood group systems are discussed.
3. Blood component transfusion involves using specific isolated components like red blood cells, platelets, or plasma rather than whole blood, allowing targeted therapy for different clinical needs. Risks of transfusion are also summarized.
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A blood type (also called a blood group) is a classification of blood based on the presence or absence of inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). These antigens may be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, depending on the blood group system.
Abo blood groups
The ABO blood group system was discovered in 1900 by Karl Landsteiner, who identified three main blood types: A, B, and O. The fourth type, AB, was discovered later. People have antigens on their red blood cells and corresponding antibodies in their plasma. Blood type is inherited and determines compatibility for transfusions. Type O negative blood can be donated to all recipients, while type AB positive can receive from all donors.
Blood Groups & Rh antigens.pptx
This document provides information about blood groups and blood typing. It discusses the key blood group systems, including ABO and Rh, which are most important for blood transfusions. The ABO system divides blood into four main types - A, B, AB, and O - based on the presence or absence of A and B antigens on red blood cells and antibodies in the plasma. The Rh system indicates if the blood is positive or negative for the Rh antigen. Proper matching of blood types is essential to prevent dangerous transfusion reactions from the immune system attacking foreign blood antigens.
blood banking slides. Slideshare....pptx
G8yct8cutxt8x7tx7txt7x57x57x57x75x75x856x996c7007cc0707cy9ct8xrucjf igccoh9ycy9cy99ycy9ictxr7xurzr7z6rz7rzr7x7tx586c99c6cy9yc8c79cy9cu9v9uvu0vu0vuovuvyoovyvyocy96c8y8ctx75d7tdr77rddr7dr7rx77xrxr7xr7
easylearningwithned.blogspot.com-BLOOD GROUP.pdf
This document discusses blood groups and blood typing. It explains that there are four main blood groups - A, B, AB, and O - which are determined by the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells and antibodies in plasma. Group O blood is the universal donor as it lacks antigens, while Group AB blood is the universal recipient as it possesses both A and B antigens but lacks antibodies. The document also covers Rh factor blood typing and discusses issues that can arise during pregnancy when the mother's and baby's Rh factors are incompatible. It describes how blood grouping is performed using the agglutination of red blood cells and specific antisera to identify antigens.
Blood typing ppt
Karl Landsteiner discovered the main human blood group systems in 1901 which allowed safer blood transfusions. He found that mixing blood from two individuals can cause clumping if they have incompatible blood types due to antigens and antibodies. There are four main blood types - A, B, AB and O based on the presence or absence of A and B antigens on red blood cells and the corresponding antibodies in plasma. The Rh system further divides blood into Rh+ and Rh- based on the presence of the Rh antigen. Understanding blood groups is crucial to ensure compatibility during transfusions.
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This document provides information about different blood group types including ABO and Rh blood grouping systems. It discusses the discovery of blood groups by Karl Landsteiner who received the Nobel Prize for this work. The four main blood groups based on ABO antigens are described as well as inheritance of these antigens. The importance of matching blood types during transfusions and issues that can arise from mismatches like agglutination are explained. Rh factor and hemolytic disease in newborns due to Rh incompatibility are also summarized. The document concludes with brief information about the MNS blood grouping system.
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The document discusses human blood groups and their classification. There are four main blood groups based on the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells - A, B, AB, and O. The ABO and Rh blood group systems are most important for blood transfusions due to their ability to cause transfusion reactions. Blood group O is the universal donor as it lacks antigens, while blood group AB is the universal receiver as it lacks antibodies. Rh incompatibility during pregnancy can cause a serious disorder in the fetus called erythroblastosis fetalis if the mother is Rh- and fetus is Rh+. Proper blood group matching is crucial to avoid transfusion reactions from incompatible blood groups.
Blood group.007[1]
The document discusses human blood groups and the Rhesus (Rh) factor. It describes the major blood group systems, including ABO and Rh, which are most important for transfusions. The ABO system includes four blood types - A, B, AB, and O - based on the antigens on red blood cells and antibodies in plasma. The Rh system involves Rh+ and Rh- blood based on the presence or absence of Rh antigens. Incompatibility between blood groups can cause dangerous clumping of red blood cells during transfusions.
Blood groups & blood donations
Karl Landsteiner discovered the main human blood groups (A, B, AB, and O) in 1901. This discovery allowed safer blood transfusions by preventing fatal reactions between incompatible blood groups. The presence or absence of antigens (proteins) and antibodies on red blood cells and in plasma determines a person's blood group. The ABO and Rh blood group systems are most important for transfusions. A person can only receive blood from a donor with compatible or identical blood groups to prevent dangerous clumping of red blood cells.
6.abo and rh blood typing.
Karl Landsteiner began studying blood groups in 1900 and determined that blood group is genetic. The ABO blood group system categorizes blood into four main types - A, B, AB, and O - based on the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells. Before transfusions, it is crucial to determine blood type compatibility to avoid dangerous transfusion reactions. The Rh system further distinguishes blood as either Rh-positive or Rh-negative depending on the presence of the Rh factor, and compatibility must account for both ABO and Rh types.
Different blood groups and their their significances..
The document discusses different blood group systems and their significance. It covers the discovery of the ABO blood group system by Karl Landsteiner in 1901. The major blood group systems are ABO and Rh, while minor systems include Lewis, Duffy, Kidd, Kell, Lutheran. The ABO system categorizes blood as A, B, AB, or O based on antigens on red blood cells. Compatibility in transfusions depends on the absence of antigens and presence of antibodies. People with type O blood are universal donors as they lack A and B antigens, while those with type AB blood are universal recipients.
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Individuals have different antigens on their red blood cells that determine their blood group. They make antibodies to antigens that are not their own to prevent transfusion reactions. Compatible blood groups have the same antigens, while incompatible groups have different antigens that can cause an immune response. The most important blood group systems are ABO and Rh. The ABO system categorizes people as A, B, AB, or O blood types based on which antigens they possess or antibodies they make. The Rh system distinguishes Rh+ and Rh- blood based on the presence or absence of the Rh antigen. Cross-matching is still required before transfusion to check for compatibility on other antigen systems.
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Blood groups
This document discusses the history and science behind blood typing and blood transfusions. It covers the following key points:
- Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system in 1901 and was awarded the Nobel Prize for this work. The Rh factor was discovered in 1930.
- Blood types are determined by the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells and the presence of corresponding antibodies in the plasma. The major blood group systems are ABO and Rh.
- The ABO system includes four blood types - A, B, AB, and O - based on whether the red cells have A antigens, B antigens, both, or neither. Compatibility for transfusion depends on this.
- The Rh system
Blood Typing PPT.ppt
Karl Landsteiner discovered the main human blood groups (A, B, AB and O) in 1901. He found that mixing blood from two individuals can cause clumping of red blood cells. This occurs due to the presence of antigens on red blood cells and corresponding antibodies in plasma. Landsteiner's discovery made blood transfusions safer by allowing blood typing. There are over 20 blood group systems but ABO and Rh (Rhesus) are most important. ABO blood groups are determined by inheritance of A, B or O alleles while Rh status depends on presence/absence of the D antigen. Compatibility between donor and recipient blood is crucial to avoid dangerous immune reactions.
ABO BLOOD GROUPING AND RH FACTOR
ABO BLOOD GROUPING IS DIVIDED IN TO 4 TYPE OF BLOOD GROUP
1 A 2 B 3 AB 4 O
TYPE AB IS KNOWN AS A UNIVERSAL RECIPIENT
TYPE O KNOWN AS A UNIVERSAL DONOR
Blood grouping.pdf
The document summarizes the ABO and Rh blood group systems. It explains that the ABO system categorizes blood into four main groups - A, B, AB, and O - based on the presence or absence of antigens A and B on red blood cells. The Rh system further distinguishes blood as Rh positive or negative based on the presence of the D antigen. The document outlines Karl Landsteiner's discovery of the ABO system in 1901 and the discovery of the Rh system in 1940. It notes that the ABO system is important for blood transfusions and describes the potential for Rh incompatibility between mother and fetus.
pamphlets.docx
There are two main blood group systems - ABO and Rh. The ABO system categorizes blood as A, B, AB, or O based on antigens on red blood cells. The Rh system depends on the presence of the D antigen, with Rh-positive having the D antigen and Rh-negative lacking it. Blood type is very important for compatibility in transfusions, with O-negative blood being the universal donor and AB-positive the universal recipient.
讲课2 Blood Component
1. The document discusses blood component therapy, including the components of blood, blood typing and compatibility, and the use of specific blood components for transfusion. It describes how whole blood can be separated into red blood cells, platelets, plasma, and other components.
2. Compatibility of blood type between donor and recipient is important to avoid agglutination or other adverse reactions. The ABO and Rh blood group systems are discussed.
3. Blood component transfusion involves using specific isolated components like red blood cells, platelets, or plasma rather than whole blood, allowing targeted therapy for different conditions. Risks and benefits of different components are reviewed.
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1. The document discusses blood component therapy, including the components of blood, blood typing and compatibility, and the use of specific blood components for transfusion. It describes how whole blood can be separated into red blood cells, platelets, plasma, and other components.
2. Compatibility of blood type between donor and recipient is important to avoid agglutination or other adverse reactions. The ABO and Rh blood group systems are discussed.
3. Blood component transfusion involves using specific isolated components like red blood cells, platelets, or plasma rather than whole blood, allowing targeted therapy for different clinical needs. Risks of transfusion are also summarized.
Blood Typing
A blood type (also called a blood group) is a classification of blood based on the presence or absence of inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). These antigens may be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, depending on the blood group system.
Abo blood groups
The ABO blood group system was discovered in 1900 by Karl Landsteiner, who identified three main blood types: A, B, and O. The fourth type, AB, was discovered later. People have antigens on their red blood cells and corresponding antibodies in their plasma. Blood type is inherited and determines compatibility for transfusions. Type O negative blood can be donated to all recipients, while type AB positive can receive from all donors.
Blood Groups & Rh antigens.pptx
This document provides information about blood groups and blood typing. It discusses the key blood group systems, including ABO and Rh, which are most important for blood transfusions. The ABO system divides blood into four main types - A, B, AB, and O - based on the presence or absence of A and B antigens on red blood cells and antibodies in the plasma. The Rh system indicates if the blood is positive or negative for the Rh antigen. Proper matching of blood types is essential to prevent dangerous transfusion reactions from the immune system attacking foreign blood antigens.
blood banking slides. Slideshare....pptx
G8yct8cutxt8x7tx7txt7x57x57x57x75x75x856x996c7007cc0707cy9ct8xrucjf igccoh9ycy9cy99ycy9ictxr7xurzr7z6rz7rzr7x7tx586c99c6cy9yc8c79cy9cu9v9uvu0vu0vuovuvyoovyvyocy96c8y8ctx75d7tdr77rddr7dr7rx77xrxr7xr7
easylearningwithned.blogspot.com-BLOOD GROUP.pdf
This document discusses blood groups and blood typing. It explains that there are four main blood groups - A, B, AB, and O - which are determined by the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells and antibodies in plasma. Group O blood is the universal donor as it lacks antigens, while Group AB blood is the universal recipient as it possesses both A and B antigens but lacks antibodies. The document also covers Rh factor blood typing and discusses issues that can arise during pregnancy when the mother's and baby's Rh factors are incompatible. It describes how blood grouping is performed using the agglutination of red blood cells and specific antisera to identify antigens.
Blood typing ppt
Karl Landsteiner discovered the main human blood group systems in 1901 which allowed safer blood transfusions. He found that mixing blood from two individuals can cause clumping if they have incompatible blood types due to antigens and antibodies. There are four main blood types - A, B, AB and O based on the presence or absence of A and B antigens on red blood cells and the corresponding antibodies in plasma. The Rh system further divides blood into Rh+ and Rh- based on the presence of the Rh antigen. Understanding blood groups is crucial to ensure compatibility during transfusions.
Blood group (population genetic and evolution) by nagendra sahu
This document provides information about different blood group types including ABO and Rh blood grouping systems. It discusses the discovery of blood groups by Karl Landsteiner who received the Nobel Prize for this work. The four main blood groups based on ABO antigens are described as well as inheritance of these antigens. The importance of matching blood types during transfusions and issues that can arise from mismatches like agglutination are explained. Rh factor and hemolytic disease in newborns due to Rh incompatibility are also summarized. The document concludes with brief information about the MNS blood grouping system.
Blood groups
The document discusses human blood groups and their classification. There are four main blood groups based on the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells - A, B, AB, and O. The ABO and Rh blood group systems are most important for blood transfusions due to their ability to cause transfusion reactions. Blood group O is the universal donor as it lacks antigens, while blood group AB is the universal receiver as it lacks antibodies. Rh incompatibility during pregnancy can cause a serious disorder in the fetus called erythroblastosis fetalis if the mother is Rh- and fetus is Rh+. Proper blood group matching is crucial to avoid transfusion reactions from incompatible blood groups.
Blood group.007[1]
The document discusses human blood groups and the Rhesus (Rh) factor. It describes the major blood group systems, including ABO and Rh, which are most important for transfusions. The ABO system includes four blood types - A, B, AB, and O - based on the antigens on red blood cells and antibodies in plasma. The Rh system involves Rh+ and Rh- blood based on the presence or absence of Rh antigens. Incompatibility between blood groups can cause dangerous clumping of red blood cells during transfusions.
Blood groups & blood donations
Karl Landsteiner discovered the main human blood groups (A, B, AB, and O) in 1901. This discovery allowed safer blood transfusions by preventing fatal reactions between incompatible blood groups. The presence or absence of antigens (proteins) and antibodies on red blood cells and in plasma determines a person's blood group. The ABO and Rh blood group systems are most important for transfusions. A person can only receive blood from a donor with compatible or identical blood groups to prevent dangerous clumping of red blood cells.
6.abo and rh blood typing.
Karl Landsteiner began studying blood groups in 1900 and determined that blood group is genetic. The ABO blood group system categorizes blood into four main types - A, B, AB, and O - based on the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells. Before transfusions, it is crucial to determine blood type compatibility to avoid dangerous transfusion reactions. The Rh system further distinguishes blood as either Rh-positive or Rh-negative depending on the presence of the Rh factor, and compatibility must account for both ABO and Rh types.
Different blood groups and their their significances..
The document discusses different blood group systems and their significance. It covers the discovery of the ABO blood group system by Karl Landsteiner in 1901. The major blood group systems are ABO and Rh, while minor systems include Lewis, Duffy, Kidd, Kell, Lutheran. The ABO system categorizes blood as A, B, AB, or O based on antigens on red blood cells. Compatibility in transfusions depends on the absence of antigens and presence of antibodies. People with type O blood are universal donors as they lack A and B antigens, while those with type AB blood are universal recipients.
Blood groups - .pdf
Individuals have different antigens on their red blood cells that determine their blood group. They make antibodies to antigens that are not their own to prevent transfusion reactions. Compatible blood groups have the same antigens, while incompatible groups have different antigens that can cause an immune response. The most important blood group systems are ABO and Rh. The ABO system categorizes people as A, B, AB, or O blood types based on which antigens they possess or antibodies they make. The Rh system distinguishes Rh+ and Rh- blood based on the presence or absence of the Rh antigen. Cross-matching is still required before transfusion to check for compatibility on other antigen systems.
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blood groups.pptx
- 1. Blood Groups -By Srishti Goel VIII D
- 2. BLOOD GROUPS Red blood cells (rhethrocytes) have certain proteins on their surface, called antigens. There are two types of antigens – A and B. On the bases of the presence or absence of these antigens, four types of blood groups have been identified – A, B, AB, and O. Antibodies are a type of Y shape proteins present in the body plasma. Antibodies are also either ‘A’ or ‘B’ depending on the type of antigen present. This chart informs us that if the RBCs of a person consists of antigen A and antibodies B, then the blood group is A. if the RBCs of a person consists of antigen B and antibodies A, then the blood group is B. If both antigens are present and no antibodies, then the blood group is AB. If there are no antigens and both antibodies are present, then the blood group is O.
- 3. BLOODGROUP COMPATIBILITY During blood transfusion (transfer of blood from one person to another), the blood of the donor (person who donates the blood) is matched with that of the recipient (person who receives the blood). This is known as blood group compatibility. If the blood group is incompatible, the antigens of the donor’s blood are attacked by the antibodies of the recipients blood. This results in serious illness or even death of the recipient. The following table shows the matching of blood groups in case of a blood transfusion. Universal Recipient: A person with the blood group AB can receive blood from all other blood groups Universal Donor: A person with the blood group O can donate blood to all other blood groups
- 4. RHESUS FACTOR The Rhesus (RH) Factor determines the compatibility of blood transfusion. A person is called Rh – positive or Rh – negative depending upon the presence or absence of the Rh factor. If the blood of an Rh – positive donor is transfused into the Rh – negative recipient, they will develop antibodies against the Rh factor since Rh – negative people do not have an antibody in the plasma against the Rh factor. Repeated transfusion of Rh – positive blood to such a recipient will have serious illness and result to death.