Motor programmes
•
5 likes•5,880 views
This document discusses motor programs and executive motor programs. It defines a motor program as a plan for a whole skill or movement pattern stored in long-term memory containing all information needed to perform the movement. Motor programs are made up of subroutines and can be adapted based on environment. Open and closed loop theories are described to explain how skills are controlled with or without feedback. Schema theory is also introduced as building up experiences to meet new demands, requiring practice and feedback to update motor programs. Examples of motor program structures are provided for discus throw and tennis serve.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Aerobic and anaerobic training
The document discusses the three energy systems - aerobic, anaerobic alactic (phosphate), and anaerobic lactic. The aerobic system produces energy through oxygen-dependent breakdown of carbohydrates and fats. It is used for endurance activities lasting more than 2 minutes. The phosphate and lactic systems produce energy without oxygen and are used for short bursts of intense activity lasting 10-90 seconds. Different training methods like intervals are needed to improve each system.
Movement Education
Movement education provides children opportunities to explore their bodies and expand physical capabilities through activities like running, jumping, dancing, and climbing. It teaches motor skills through a discovery learning approach that targets cognitive, psychomotor, and affective development. Fundamental movement skills are considered building blocks and include locomotor, manipulative, and stability skills that develop over three stages from initial attempts to mastery. Proficiency in these skills establishes a foundation for lifelong physical activity and reduces health risks.
Theories of motor learning
Theories of motor learningDr. Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Foundation's College of Physiotherapy, Ahmednagar
Motor learning is the understanding of acquisition and/or modification of movement.
As applied to patients, motor learning involves the reacquisition of previously learned movement skills that are lost due to pathology or sensory, motor, or cognitive impairments. This process is often referred to as recovery of function.
Principles of Training
This document outlines several key principles of training:
1) Warm ups and cool downs are important to reduce injury risk and muscle soreness. Warm ups should include light exercise and stretching while cool downs involve decreasing intensity over time.
2) The overload principle states that exercise must gradually increase in frequency, intensity, or duration to continue providing training benefits. Too much overload can lead to injury.
3) Training must be specific to the demands of the sport through targeting relevant muscle groups, energy systems, skills and fitness components. Variety is also important to avoid boredom.
Motor control and_learning
This document discusses motor control and learning. It defines motor control as the neural, physical, and behavioral aspects underlying human movement. Learning is described as a relatively permanent change in a person's ability to perform a motor skill as a result of practice and experience. The document then covers various topics related to motor skills including the classification of skills into categories like gross vs fine motor skills, closed vs open skills, and the three stages of motor skill acquisition from cognitive to associative to autonomous.
Motor learning ppt
Motor learning is the study of acquiring and modifying movement through practice and experience. Theories of motor learning include Adams' closed loop theory involving sensory feedback, Schmidt's schema theory of updating memory representations with practice, and Newell's ecological theory of coordinating perception and action. Stages of learning motor skills are described by Fitts and Posner's three stages of cognitive, associative, and autonomous learning and Gentile's two stages of understanding the task and refining the movement.
Theories of Motor Control
Understanding the various theories of motor control- reflex-hierarchal theory, ecological theory, dynamic systems theory and it's clinical application; also forming the basis of neurological rehabilitation techniques like Task-orient approach, Constraint induced movement therapy (CIMT), NDT (Neurodevelopmental Facilitation).
Theories of motor control
This document discusses several theories of motor control including reflex theory, hierarchical theory, motor programming theory, systems theory, dynamic action theory, and ecological theory. It provides an overview of each theory, their implications for understanding movement and clinical practice, and their limitations. The value of theory for guiding examination and intervention in physical therapy is discussed.
Recommended
Aerobic and anaerobic training
The document discusses the three energy systems - aerobic, anaerobic alactic (phosphate), and anaerobic lactic. The aerobic system produces energy through oxygen-dependent breakdown of carbohydrates and fats. It is used for endurance activities lasting more than 2 minutes. The phosphate and lactic systems produce energy without oxygen and are used for short bursts of intense activity lasting 10-90 seconds. Different training methods like intervals are needed to improve each system.
Movement Education
Movement education provides children opportunities to explore their bodies and expand physical capabilities through activities like running, jumping, dancing, and climbing. It teaches motor skills through a discovery learning approach that targets cognitive, psychomotor, and affective development. Fundamental movement skills are considered building blocks and include locomotor, manipulative, and stability skills that develop over three stages from initial attempts to mastery. Proficiency in these skills establishes a foundation for lifelong physical activity and reduces health risks.
Theories of motor learning
Theories of motor learningDr. Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Foundation's College of Physiotherapy, Ahmednagar
Motor learning is the understanding of acquisition and/or modification of movement.
As applied to patients, motor learning involves the reacquisition of previously learned movement skills that are lost due to pathology or sensory, motor, or cognitive impairments. This process is often referred to as recovery of function.
Principles of Training
This document outlines several key principles of training:
1) Warm ups and cool downs are important to reduce injury risk and muscle soreness. Warm ups should include light exercise and stretching while cool downs involve decreasing intensity over time.
2) The overload principle states that exercise must gradually increase in frequency, intensity, or duration to continue providing training benefits. Too much overload can lead to injury.
3) Training must be specific to the demands of the sport through targeting relevant muscle groups, energy systems, skills and fitness components. Variety is also important to avoid boredom.
Motor control and_learning
This document discusses motor control and learning. It defines motor control as the neural, physical, and behavioral aspects underlying human movement. Learning is described as a relatively permanent change in a person's ability to perform a motor skill as a result of practice and experience. The document then covers various topics related to motor skills including the classification of skills into categories like gross vs fine motor skills, closed vs open skills, and the three stages of motor skill acquisition from cognitive to associative to autonomous.
Motor learning ppt
Motor learning is the study of acquiring and modifying movement through practice and experience. Theories of motor learning include Adams' closed loop theory involving sensory feedback, Schmidt's schema theory of updating memory representations with practice, and Newell's ecological theory of coordinating perception and action. Stages of learning motor skills are described by Fitts and Posner's three stages of cognitive, associative, and autonomous learning and Gentile's two stages of understanding the task and refining the movement.
Theories of Motor Control
Understanding the various theories of motor control- reflex-hierarchal theory, ecological theory, dynamic systems theory and it's clinical application; also forming the basis of neurological rehabilitation techniques like Task-orient approach, Constraint induced movement therapy (CIMT), NDT (Neurodevelopmental Facilitation).
Theories of motor control
This document discusses several theories of motor control including reflex theory, hierarchical theory, motor programming theory, systems theory, dynamic action theory, and ecological theory. It provides an overview of each theory, their implications for understanding movement and clinical practice, and their limitations. The value of theory for guiding examination and intervention in physical therapy is discussed.
Rockport One mile test.pptx
The 1-mile Rockport walking test is a submaximal test used to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 max) through a brisk, 1-mile walk. The time taken to complete the walk and post-walk heart rate are entered into a formula to calculate VO2 max. This indirect test requires minimal equipment and is suitable for varied fitness levels. Results are compared to normative data tables to assess fitness classification from poor to superior. The reliability and validity of results depend on strict test administration and individual motivation during the walk.
Motor Learning
Dr. Shweta Kotwani; Pediatric Physical Therapist
BPTh (MUHS); MPT (Neuro,MUHS); LASHS-U.K. Fellowship Dip.(Peds.Rehab.; Clinical Neuro.Sc.)
Understanding the stages of motor learning, Principles of motor learning,Strategies to enhance motor learning
exercise metabolism
The chapter discusses exercise metabolism and several key concepts:
1. During rest, ATP is produced aerobically, while during exercise transitions ATP is initially produced anaerobically through the phosphocreatine and glycolysis pathways due to a lag in oxygen uptake.
2. The lactate threshold occurs when blood lactate levels rise systematically during incremental exercise, around 50-60% of VO2 max in untrained individuals, and is likely due to low muscle oxygen levels and accelerated glycolysis.
3. Fuel selection during exercise is dependent on intensity and duration, with low intensity exercise relying more on fat oxidation and high intensity relying more on carbohydrates due to faster fiber recruitment and increased epinephrine levels.
4. training methods
This document defines and describes various training methods including continuous training, interval training, circuit training, cross training, weight training, and Zumba. Continuous training is designed to improve aerobic capacity and endurance through sessions lasting 20+ minutes at 70-85% maximum heart rate. Interval training alternates hard and easy periods to improve strength, power, and speed. Circuit training involves moving from one exercise to the next with minimal rest to build muscular endurance, definition, and aerobic capacity.
Kinesiology and biomechanics
It is some part of kinesiology and biomechanics. It helps you at different places and the content is very easy to read.
Movement Education
Movement education is an approach for teaching primary physical education that focuses on developing students' fundamental movement skills. It aims to help children establish lifelong healthy habits by educating them on motor skills through physical activities and movement. The 12 fundamental movement skills considered building blocks include running, jumping, throwing, and catching. Teachers should introduce, demonstrate, allow practice of skills, provide feedback, and structure sessions for refinement. Developing these skills helps students enjoy sports and recreation. Research shows teaching movement education in primary school is important for physical literacy and activity levels.
Fms presentation
The Functional Movement Screen is an observational screening tool used to assess movement quality, not diagnose injuries. It evaluates movement in a simple test format to help fitness professionals design better exercise programming. The screen looks at mobility and stability, asymmetries, and provides corrective exercises. Scores range from 0-3, with lower numbers indicating limitations. Mobility usually needs to be addressed before stability through exercises like thoracic extensions and breathing patterns. Videos and certification are resources to learn more about the Functional Movement Screen.
Responses to exercise
The document summarizes the acute and chronic responses of the body to exercise. For acute responses, it describes how cardiovascular factors like heart rate, stroke volume, and blood pressure increase during exercise to deliver more oxygen to working muscles. Respiratory responses also increase oxygen uptake and ventilation. Chronic adaptations to training include increased maximum oxygen uptake and efficiency of oxygen delivery systems in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems over 6-8 weeks of regular aerobic training. Anaerobic training leads to increased muscle size, strength and power over the same duration.
Aerobics exercise for healthy adult
This document outlines an aerobics exercise program for healthy adults. It includes an introduction to aerobics, concepts like fitness and cardiovascular adaptation, principles of exercise like intensity and duration, physiological responses, and components of an exercise program including warm-up, aerobic exercise, and cool-down periods. The goal is to improve all elements of fitness through rhythmic aerobic exercise combined with stretching and strength training performed 3 times per week for 20-30 minutes.
Fitness training
This document provides information on assessing different components of physical fitness, including cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and body composition. It describes several tests to evaluate each component, such as the 1.5-mile run test for cardiorespiratory endurance, the bench jump, modified dip/push-up, and bent-leg curl-up tests for muscular strength and endurance, the sit-and-reach and total body rotation tests for flexibility, and methods like skinfold thickness measurements, bioelectrical impedance, and hydrostatic weighing to determine body composition. Maintaining an appropriate level of fitness in each area is important for health.
Atp-pc system
The document discusses three energy systems that the body uses to produce ATP for muscle contraction and movement. The ATP-PC or alactic system uses phosphocreatine to rapidly resynthesize ATP for high-intensity bursts lasting 3-10 seconds. When phosphocreatine stores are depleted, the lactic anaerobic system breaks down glycogen via anaerobic glycolysis to produce ATP for up to 3 minutes, producing lactic acid as a byproduct. For longer duration lower intensity exercise, the aerobic system uses oxygen to fully break down glycogen and fat stores to efficiently resynthesize ATP.
4. skeletal system
The skeletal system document describes the structure and functions of bones and the skeletal system. It discusses how bones provide support, protection, allow for movement, store minerals, and help form blood cells. It also outlines common bone diseases like arthritis, osteoporosis, fractures, and cancers that affect the skeletal system.
Motor control
This document provides an overview of motor control theories that are relevant for physical therapy. It discusses several theories of motor control, including reflex, hierarchical, motor programming, systems, and dynamic action theories. For each theory, it provides details on the core concepts, limitations, and clinical implications for assessing and treating patients with movement impairments. The document emphasizes that understanding motor control theories can provide a framework to guide physical therapy examination and intervention.
Physical Fitness Components and Principal of Exercise presentation
A brief presentation for physical fitness training of players. Physical Fitness Components and Principal of Exercise
Measurenment of Cohesion
The document discusses various approaches to measuring team cohesion, including direct and indirect methods. The direct method involves asking players how much they like playing for the team and how well they feel the team functions as a unit. The indirect method involves asking each team member how they feel about other members. Research on the indirect method has failed to find a relationship between cohesion and performance. Popular direct measurement tools discussed include the Group Environment Questionnaire and Sport Cohesiveness Questionnaire.
Motor learning
Motor learning involves acquiring and retaining skilled movements through practice. It modifies how sensory information is processed and motor actions are produced. There are three types of motor tasks: discrete tasks with clear beginnings and ends; serial tasks involving sequences of discrete movements; and continuous repetitive tasks without clear starts or stops. Motor learning progresses through cognitive, associative, and autonomous stages. The cognitive stage involves learning what and how to do a task through conscious effort. In the associative stage, movements are fine-tuned and errors decrease through practice. The autonomous stage is when movements become automatic without conscious effort.
FW279 Exercise Behavior
This chapter discusses exercise behavior and adherence. It outlines reasons for and barriers to exercise. Several theories of exercise behavior are described, including the health belief model, theory of planned behavior, social cognitive theory, self-determination theory, transtheoretical model, physical activity maintenance model, and ecological model. Strategies for enhancing exercise adherence and preventing relapses are also discussed.
Chap19
Periodization involves systematically varying training variables over periods of time to optimize performance and prevent overtraining. It follows the general adaptation syndrome of stress response. The traditional model includes a preparatory period focusing on hypertrophy, strength, and power; a competition period for peaking; and transition periods. Sport seasons map to these periods. An example macrocycle progresses an athlete through preseason, in-season, postseason, and off-season mesocycles with appropriate training emphases. Periodization promotes long-term performance gains through planned variation in training load.
kinsiology.pptx
This document provides an introduction to kinesiology. It defines kinesiology as the study of human movement, which draws from fields like anatomy, physiology, physics, and geometry. Kinesiology utilizes principles of biomechanics to understand how forces affect human motion. It discusses how kinesiology is applied to areas like improving sport performance, preventing injury, and rehabilitation. The document also explores the relationships between kinesiology and biomechanics, and notes how biomechanics is a key component of kinesiology used to analyze and optimize human movement. It identifies several professions that utilize knowledge of kinesiology.
Recovery and fatigue
This document discusses recovery and fatigue in athletes. It describes different types of fatigue including muscular fatigue caused by fuel depletion and buildup of metabolic byproducts. It also discusses how increased body temperature and dehydration can lead to fatigue. Recovery processes are outlined including active recovery, rest, replenishing energy stores, rehydration, and various therapies like hydrotherapy, cryotherapy, massage and specialists who can aid recovery. Ethical considerations in sport medicine are also mentioned.
Schema theory
Schema theory proposes that schemas have two functions: recognition and initiation of movement. Schemas store information about generalized movements, including initial conditions, sensory consequences, knowledge of movement outcomes, and sensory outcomes, in order to recognize movements and initiate, control, and evaluate performance of movements.
Hicks law and single channel hypothesis
This document discusses Hick's law and the single-channel hypothesis. Hick's law states that reaction time increases with the number of stimulus-response choices in what is known as choice reaction time. The single-channel hypothesis proposes that the brain can only process one piece of information at a time through a single channel. It must process one piece of information completely before moving to the next, which can slow down reaction times when multiple stimuli must be processed. An alternative multi-channel hypothesis suggests the brain has multiple dedicated channels to potentially process different tasks simultaneously.
More Related Content
What's hot
Rockport One mile test.pptx
The 1-mile Rockport walking test is a submaximal test used to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 max) through a brisk, 1-mile walk. The time taken to complete the walk and post-walk heart rate are entered into a formula to calculate VO2 max. This indirect test requires minimal equipment and is suitable for varied fitness levels. Results are compared to normative data tables to assess fitness classification from poor to superior. The reliability and validity of results depend on strict test administration and individual motivation during the walk.
Motor Learning
Dr. Shweta Kotwani; Pediatric Physical Therapist
BPTh (MUHS); MPT (Neuro,MUHS); LASHS-U.K. Fellowship Dip.(Peds.Rehab.; Clinical Neuro.Sc.)
Understanding the stages of motor learning, Principles of motor learning,Strategies to enhance motor learning
exercise metabolism
The chapter discusses exercise metabolism and several key concepts:
1. During rest, ATP is produced aerobically, while during exercise transitions ATP is initially produced anaerobically through the phosphocreatine and glycolysis pathways due to a lag in oxygen uptake.
2. The lactate threshold occurs when blood lactate levels rise systematically during incremental exercise, around 50-60% of VO2 max in untrained individuals, and is likely due to low muscle oxygen levels and accelerated glycolysis.
3. Fuel selection during exercise is dependent on intensity and duration, with low intensity exercise relying more on fat oxidation and high intensity relying more on carbohydrates due to faster fiber recruitment and increased epinephrine levels.
4. training methods
This document defines and describes various training methods including continuous training, interval training, circuit training, cross training, weight training, and Zumba. Continuous training is designed to improve aerobic capacity and endurance through sessions lasting 20+ minutes at 70-85% maximum heart rate. Interval training alternates hard and easy periods to improve strength, power, and speed. Circuit training involves moving from one exercise to the next with minimal rest to build muscular endurance, definition, and aerobic capacity.
Kinesiology and biomechanics
It is some part of kinesiology and biomechanics. It helps you at different places and the content is very easy to read.
Movement Education
Movement education is an approach for teaching primary physical education that focuses on developing students' fundamental movement skills. It aims to help children establish lifelong healthy habits by educating them on motor skills through physical activities and movement. The 12 fundamental movement skills considered building blocks include running, jumping, throwing, and catching. Teachers should introduce, demonstrate, allow practice of skills, provide feedback, and structure sessions for refinement. Developing these skills helps students enjoy sports and recreation. Research shows teaching movement education in primary school is important for physical literacy and activity levels.
Fms presentation
The Functional Movement Screen is an observational screening tool used to assess movement quality, not diagnose injuries. It evaluates movement in a simple test format to help fitness professionals design better exercise programming. The screen looks at mobility and stability, asymmetries, and provides corrective exercises. Scores range from 0-3, with lower numbers indicating limitations. Mobility usually needs to be addressed before stability through exercises like thoracic extensions and breathing patterns. Videos and certification are resources to learn more about the Functional Movement Screen.
Responses to exercise
The document summarizes the acute and chronic responses of the body to exercise. For acute responses, it describes how cardiovascular factors like heart rate, stroke volume, and blood pressure increase during exercise to deliver more oxygen to working muscles. Respiratory responses also increase oxygen uptake and ventilation. Chronic adaptations to training include increased maximum oxygen uptake and efficiency of oxygen delivery systems in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems over 6-8 weeks of regular aerobic training. Anaerobic training leads to increased muscle size, strength and power over the same duration.
Aerobics exercise for healthy adult
This document outlines an aerobics exercise program for healthy adults. It includes an introduction to aerobics, concepts like fitness and cardiovascular adaptation, principles of exercise like intensity and duration, physiological responses, and components of an exercise program including warm-up, aerobic exercise, and cool-down periods. The goal is to improve all elements of fitness through rhythmic aerobic exercise combined with stretching and strength training performed 3 times per week for 20-30 minutes.
Fitness training
This document provides information on assessing different components of physical fitness, including cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and body composition. It describes several tests to evaluate each component, such as the 1.5-mile run test for cardiorespiratory endurance, the bench jump, modified dip/push-up, and bent-leg curl-up tests for muscular strength and endurance, the sit-and-reach and total body rotation tests for flexibility, and methods like skinfold thickness measurements, bioelectrical impedance, and hydrostatic weighing to determine body composition. Maintaining an appropriate level of fitness in each area is important for health.
Atp-pc system
The document discusses three energy systems that the body uses to produce ATP for muscle contraction and movement. The ATP-PC or alactic system uses phosphocreatine to rapidly resynthesize ATP for high-intensity bursts lasting 3-10 seconds. When phosphocreatine stores are depleted, the lactic anaerobic system breaks down glycogen via anaerobic glycolysis to produce ATP for up to 3 minutes, producing lactic acid as a byproduct. For longer duration lower intensity exercise, the aerobic system uses oxygen to fully break down glycogen and fat stores to efficiently resynthesize ATP.
4. skeletal system
The skeletal system document describes the structure and functions of bones and the skeletal system. It discusses how bones provide support, protection, allow for movement, store minerals, and help form blood cells. It also outlines common bone diseases like arthritis, osteoporosis, fractures, and cancers that affect the skeletal system.
Motor control
This document provides an overview of motor control theories that are relevant for physical therapy. It discusses several theories of motor control, including reflex, hierarchical, motor programming, systems, and dynamic action theories. For each theory, it provides details on the core concepts, limitations, and clinical implications for assessing and treating patients with movement impairments. The document emphasizes that understanding motor control theories can provide a framework to guide physical therapy examination and intervention.
Physical Fitness Components and Principal of Exercise presentation
A brief presentation for physical fitness training of players. Physical Fitness Components and Principal of Exercise
Measurenment of Cohesion
The document discusses various approaches to measuring team cohesion, including direct and indirect methods. The direct method involves asking players how much they like playing for the team and how well they feel the team functions as a unit. The indirect method involves asking each team member how they feel about other members. Research on the indirect method has failed to find a relationship between cohesion and performance. Popular direct measurement tools discussed include the Group Environment Questionnaire and Sport Cohesiveness Questionnaire.
Motor learning
Motor learning involves acquiring and retaining skilled movements through practice. It modifies how sensory information is processed and motor actions are produced. There are three types of motor tasks: discrete tasks with clear beginnings and ends; serial tasks involving sequences of discrete movements; and continuous repetitive tasks without clear starts or stops. Motor learning progresses through cognitive, associative, and autonomous stages. The cognitive stage involves learning what and how to do a task through conscious effort. In the associative stage, movements are fine-tuned and errors decrease through practice. The autonomous stage is when movements become automatic without conscious effort.
FW279 Exercise Behavior
This chapter discusses exercise behavior and adherence. It outlines reasons for and barriers to exercise. Several theories of exercise behavior are described, including the health belief model, theory of planned behavior, social cognitive theory, self-determination theory, transtheoretical model, physical activity maintenance model, and ecological model. Strategies for enhancing exercise adherence and preventing relapses are also discussed.
Chap19
Periodization involves systematically varying training variables over periods of time to optimize performance and prevent overtraining. It follows the general adaptation syndrome of stress response. The traditional model includes a preparatory period focusing on hypertrophy, strength, and power; a competition period for peaking; and transition periods. Sport seasons map to these periods. An example macrocycle progresses an athlete through preseason, in-season, postseason, and off-season mesocycles with appropriate training emphases. Periodization promotes long-term performance gains through planned variation in training load.
kinsiology.pptx
This document provides an introduction to kinesiology. It defines kinesiology as the study of human movement, which draws from fields like anatomy, physiology, physics, and geometry. Kinesiology utilizes principles of biomechanics to understand how forces affect human motion. It discusses how kinesiology is applied to areas like improving sport performance, preventing injury, and rehabilitation. The document also explores the relationships between kinesiology and biomechanics, and notes how biomechanics is a key component of kinesiology used to analyze and optimize human movement. It identifies several professions that utilize knowledge of kinesiology.
Recovery and fatigue
This document discusses recovery and fatigue in athletes. It describes different types of fatigue including muscular fatigue caused by fuel depletion and buildup of metabolic byproducts. It also discusses how increased body temperature and dehydration can lead to fatigue. Recovery processes are outlined including active recovery, rest, replenishing energy stores, rehydration, and various therapies like hydrotherapy, cryotherapy, massage and specialists who can aid recovery. Ethical considerations in sport medicine are also mentioned.
What's hot (20)
Physical Fitness Components and Principal of Exercise presentation
Physical Fitness Components and Principal of Exercise presentation
Viewers also liked
Schema theory
Schema theory proposes that schemas have two functions: recognition and initiation of movement. Schemas store information about generalized movements, including initial conditions, sensory consequences, knowledge of movement outcomes, and sensory outcomes, in order to recognize movements and initiate, control, and evaluate performance of movements.
Hicks law and single channel hypothesis
This document discusses Hick's law and the single-channel hypothesis. Hick's law states that reaction time increases with the number of stimulus-response choices in what is known as choice reaction time. The single-channel hypothesis proposes that the brain can only process one piece of information at a time through a single channel. It must process one piece of information completely before moving to the next, which can slow down reaction times when multiple stimuli must be processed. An alternative multi-channel hypothesis suggests the brain has multiple dedicated channels to potentially process different tasks simultaneously.
Learning skills theories
This document discusses several theories relating to learning movement skills:
- Connectionist/associationist theories link a stimulus to a response through reinforcement to strengthen the stimulus-response bond stored in long-term memory.
- Thorndike's laws of effect, exercise, and readiness state that positive reinforcement is most effective for strengthening bonds, which improve with practice when the learner is capable.
- Operant conditioning, based on Skinner's work, also involves strengthening stimulus-response bonds through reinforcement of desired responses shaped through trial and error.
- Cognitive learning theory (Gestalt) focuses on the thinking process of perceiving whole tasks based on past experiences and current knowledge and motivation rather than external stimuli.
- Bandura's
Reaction time
This document discusses reaction time and factors that affect it. It defines reaction time and identifies its components - movement time and response time. It describes simple reaction time involving one stimulus and choice reaction time involving multiple stimuli. More stimulus choices leads to longer reaction times based on Hick's Law. It also discusses the psychological refractory period and how a second stimulus can slow response time. Key factors that affect reaction time include age, gender, stimulus intensity, height, arousal levels, and anticipation through experience and practice. Anticipation allows one to partially predict events and eliminate some response time.
Reaction time theories
Hicks law states that reaction time increases as the number of available options increases, though the increase in reaction time decreases as more options are added (1). The brain has limited capacity to process multiple tasks simultaneously, leading to worse performance on each task (2). If a second stimulus is presented shortly after a first, reaction time to the second is significantly slowed due to the brain still processing the first stimulus (3).
2009 mark scheme
1. Chemical energy is energy released from chemical compounds through metabolic reactions, such as the breakdown of foods like fats, carbohydrates, and proteins into ATP and phosphocreatine (PC).
2. Kinetic energy is energy of movement, such as the muscular contractions produced when ATPase breaks down ATP.
3. Potential energy is stored energy that has the potential to do work, such as stored ATP and PC molecules or a bike at the top of a hill poised to move down.
Stages
The document summarizes the development of athletics and games in 19th century English public schools over three stages:
1) 1790-1828 was a period of "bullying and brutality" with activities organized haphazardly by students and ranging from childlike to barbaric.
2) 1828-1842 saw reforms led by Thomas Arnold using games for social control and the growth of an organized house system.
3) 1842-1912 saw the rise of "athleticism" as a cult combining moral integrity and physical effort, with magnificent fields, uniforms, and an emphasis on fair play and developing gentlemen.
Fit 2 Learn CIC: How motor skills, sound processing and vision are necessary ...
Powerpoint presentation for parents and carers struggling to understand why their child has learning and behavioural problems. Supporting notes can be obtained from Fit 2 Learn CIC www.fit-2-learn.com
Lecture2(introduction)
This document provides an introduction to control systems engineering. It defines the basic components of a control system as an input, control system, and output. It describes open and closed loop control systems, with open loop systems having no feedback and closed loop using feedback to compensate for disturbances. Examples of open and closed loop antenna positioning systems are given. The document also discusses different types of feedback control systems including SISO, MIMO, linear, nonlinear, continuous, discrete, time-varying, and time-invariant systems.
Info processing, reaction time, memory 2013
The document provides information on information processing as it relates to physical education, including how information is transmitted through the nervous system, models of information processing like HIP that can analyze sports performance, and the use of different memory stores. It also includes examples of tasks and activities that can be used to teach concepts like the stages of perception, models of information processing, improving memory, and analyzing reaction time, response time, and movement time. The document aims to outline key concepts in information processing and provide practical applications for teaching these ideas in a physical education context.
2008 paper
This document appears to be an exam paper for a Physical Education course. It provides instructions for candidates on how to fill out personal information at the top, which questions to answer from each section, how to indicate their responses, and information about marking and time limits. The first question asks candidates to explain how and why an athlete might carbohydrate load to improve endurance performance, and to identify any potential problems. It also asks them to explain how the aerobic energy pathway resynthesizes ATP.
Year 13 sports studies exam 1
This document contains 13 short-answer questions for a sports studies examination covering topics like:
- The importance of warming up before exercise and the stages and physiological responses in a warmup.
- Types of stretches and their sporting benefits.
- The lactic acid energy system and an example of its use in a team game.
- Processes of the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain in aerobic energy production.
- Main functions of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in an athlete's diet.
- How the body accesses and uses carbohydrate stores for endurance performance.
- Advantages and disadvantages of creatine loading for athletes.
- Phys
Presentation1
The song "Ni**as in Paris" by Jay-Z and Kanye West was released in 2011. The music video was directed by Kanye West and filmed in Paris, featuring the artists performing the song at a concert surrounded by a large audience. The video utilizes flashing lights, mirror effects, and close-ups throughout to keep the audience engaged and portray elements of realism. It aims to entertain a wide target audience without focusing on any particular gender or age group.
Floor plan
A film crew is shooting scenes for a movie on Regent Street in London. The scenes involve an actor walking on the pavement between shops while being filmed by the director and camera crew. Additional scenes are being shot inside an arcade with multiple arcade games in the background.
SharePoint Lesson #3: How to use Site Columns
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
2009 paper
This document appears to be an exam paper for a Physical Education course. It contains instructions for candidates on how to fill out personal information and answer the exam questions. There are three sections (A, B and C) and candidates must answer one question from each section. Section A focuses on exercise and energy systems and contains one question with three parts about the efficient use of energy by endurance athletes, the process of producing energy efficiently, and how recovery influences future performances. Candidates are advised to spend twice as much time on Section C as it is worth double the marks. The document provides spaces to write answers and shows the mark allocation for each question part.
FLOW
The document outlines plans for a new urban park in Lavetta Abbi. It aims to increase ecological variety, serve as a park for the city, and improve livability. The plans show the park area, which includes natural, agricultural and urban sections. Objectives are listed as connection, new centers of vitality, and a park that benefits the community. Specific areas mentioned include a bike path, Zone 30 road, parking area, train tracks, former filanda and grangia buildings, and corvetto waterway.
2008 mark scheme
This document provides a mark scheme for a GCE Physical Education exam focusing on exercise and sports science topics. It includes questions, expected answers, and marks allocated for various sections related to exercise energy systems, sports mechanics, and sports psychology. The first section focuses on topics like carbohydrate loading, energy pathways, the anaerobic threshold, and momentum. The second section addresses concepts such as vectors, velocity-time graphs, flight paths of spinning balls, and stability. The mark scheme provides detailed answers and breakdowns of marks for multiple choice and extended questions.
SharePoint Lesson #28: Visualisation of a Progress Bar
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Viewers also liked (20)
Fit 2 Learn CIC: How motor skills, sound processing and vision are necessary ...
Fit 2 Learn CIC: How motor skills, sound processing and vision are necessary ...
SharePoint Lesson #28: Visualisation of a Progress Bar
SharePoint Lesson #28: Visualisation of a Progress Bar
Similar to Motor programmes
PEShare.co.uk Shared Resource
The document discusses motor control and schema theory in sports. Schema theory suggests that skills can be adapted to different sports and situations through generalized movement patterns stored in long-term memory. A schema involves four "memory items" - knowledge of initial conditions, response specifications, sensory consequences, and movement outcomes. This enables adaptation of skills to new contexts. Schema development involves accumulating experiences from these four areas to recall and recognize movements.
ERP Plant Maintenance Doubt Clearing Drive Report
The document summarizes a drive conducted by Vishal J. Waghchaure to clear doubts about ERP plant maintenance among users. Over two weeks, he personally interacted with 629 users across zones to address technical and non-technical issues. The drive aimed to improve notification creation and data updating in ERP. Its effects included a 176% average increase in notification creation and 100% awareness among users about key ERP concepts and responsibilities. The drive also identified ongoing issues like slow connectivity and a need for more training. Suggestions to address issues included stricter monitoring and engaging zonal champions at more levels.
MSA – Improving the Measurement System
The last part of an extended review on the series on building a MSA, this covers the 4th step of improving the measurement system if the MSA fails.
010 bmw tpm management training
The document provides an overview of Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). It discusses the 8 pillars of TPM including OEE/Focused Improvement and Autonomous Maintenance. It outlines the philosophy and organization of TPM, describes the roles and responsibilities of the TPM team and steering committee, and presents the typical multi-year program development master plan for implementing TPM.
PEShare.co.uk Shared Resource
Motor programs are generalized plans for movements stored in long-term memory that allow skills to be performed. They are hierarchical and composed of subroutines that can be further broken down. Skills progress through cognitive, associative, and autonomous stages of learning. Well-learned skills can be performed through open-loop control using motor programs without feedback to initiate rapid movements through memory traces formed during practice.
Today's Plan press overview April15
Today's Plan is a sports technology company that provides tailored training plans and powerful analytics tools to cyclists and coaches. They have a team of sports scientists, coaches, developers and investors. Their products include generated training plans, analytics, coaching tools, and a mobile app integrated with cycling computers and sensors. The driving philosophy is to make structured training accessible to all while providing tools to help riders and coaches optimize performance. Their automated modeling creates personalized plans based on a rider's data and goals. Videos explain workouts, and the analytics track progress over time. The tools are designed to empower individual riders and assist coaches in developing programs and interacting with athletes.
Reliability centered maintenance
The document discusses methodology for maintenance, specifically preventive maintenance. It describes four main functions of maintenance as maintaining, keeping in existing condition, preserving, and protecting from failure or decline. Preventive maintenance is classified as either corrective or preventive. Preventive maintenance aims to prevent or mitigate failures from occurring and can be time-directed, condition-directed, or failure-finding. The document also discusses reliability centered maintenance and its features, including preserving system function over equipment. It outlines the seven-step methodology for implementing reliability centered maintenance on systems.
Fitlight trainer video
The fitlight trainer system uses lights that athletes can deactivate using their bodies to capture performance measurements in real time. The data is downloaded to a central computer for future analysis by coaches. This allows coaches to track various athletic abilities of their athletes over time, including speed, agility, stamina, and more. The system is flexible and can be configured for different sports training. It provides dynamic and competitive training options to help athletes improve their performance.
56aaa27b19117825641e966dac9068aa
This document proposes implementing Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) on the automatic brake adjuster assembly line at Haldex Brake Products AB. It begins with an introduction to TPM and the company/products. The methodology section discusses Overall Equipment Effectiveness and the six big losses. Data was collected on the current process, including a value stream map and root cause analysis. A 10-step implementation plan is then proposed, including establishing a pilot team, education programs, goal-setting, and developing autonomous and preventative maintenance plans. Autonomous maintenance and checklists are described in detail. Finally, problems with the current data collection system are identified and an online, automated solution is proposed to better track downtime, breakdowns and
System Development Life Cycle.pptx
This presentation will explain the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) process and how it will be used to develop a new app for Healthy Harvest Store. The SDLC includes planning, analysis, design, and implementation stages. In the planning stage, the feasibility, costs, and organizational compatibility will be assessed. In analysis, the current system will be reviewed and requirements gathered. The design stage will determine the design strategy and build design. Finally, in implementation the app will be built, tested, and installed. Structured analysis allows breaking down the current system and new requirements to understand all components and how they work together like a bicycle system.
ADS UNIT-1 PPT.ppt
This document discusses iterative and recursive algorithms. It covers key concepts like loop invariants, measures of progress, developing iterative algorithms, and proving correctness. Iterative algorithms are described as sequences of snapshots rather than just sequences of actions. Common types of iterative algorithms are discussed like selection sort. Recursion is presented as a way to describe, define, and solve problems using a divide and conquer approach. Recursive algorithms use a stack of frames and can be viewed as trees of frames. Strong induction and proving correctness with strong induction is also introduced.
Automotive HMI Design - An Introduction
A first-principle approach to designing automotive interfaces and user experience.
Presentation & workshop conducted at DEW2014, IIITDM Jabalpur on 8th December 2014.
Project Proposal Presentation
This document outlines a project to develop an autonomous bicycle that can travel in a straight line at a constant speed without human intervention. It will use sensors to measure the bicycle's steering angle and tilt, along with motors to control the steering and drive the bicycle forward. The project aims to provide a hands-on learning tool for students in a controls class. It describes the bicycle's components, control system design process using modeling and simulation, qualifications of the team members, budget, and schedule. References on bicycle dynamics and control systems are also included.
PLC Programming Example - Conveyor Reject (Shift Register)
More information can be obtained at our website.
http://accautomation.ca/plc-programming-example-shift-register-conveyor-reject/
We will apply the five steps to PLC Program development to our next programming example of a shift register - conveyor reject.
1.Define the task
2.Define the inputs and outputs
3.Develop a logical sequence of operation
4.Develop the PLC program
5.Test the program
Another example of programming PLC Shift Registers can be seen at on our product sorting application. This will use 3D factory IO to demonstrate sorting colour tags.
PLC Programming Example – Sorting Station (Shift Register)
http://accautomation.ca/plc-programming-example-sorting-station-shift-register
PLC Programming Example - Sorting Station Testing - Video
https://youtu.be/W0aibYb3DnE
PLC Programming Example - Sorting Station - Video
https://youtu.be/YMl2DPm_yaU
http://www.accautomation.ca
effective-maintenance.pdf
This document provides an overview of an effective maintenance training module that aims to minimize life cycle costs through proper maintenance techniques. It discusses various maintenance strategies including planned maintenance, preventative maintenance, predictive maintenance, autonomous maintenance, and breakdown maintenance. It also outlines the contents and objectives of the training which include maintenance strategy design, historical analysis, and optimizing overall equipment effectiveness.
SDLC
This presentation provides an overview of the system development life cycle (SDLC) in 3 sentences:
It outlines the 8 phases of the SDLC: study of the problem, making a plan, system analysis, system design, program development, program testing, system implementation, and maintenance. Each phase is described in detail, from understanding the problem and feasibility analysis to designing, programming, testing, implementing the system, and ongoing maintenance. The presentation aims to explain the full process of developing a system from start to finish through the SDLC phases.
Planning & SEEION PLAN.ppt
In order to get best possible result – Planning is must..
If every work is planned Perrier to execution, better result can be achieved.
To achieve highest performance in sports Planning is must…. Because it is long term process
PLC
A PLC is a specialized computer used to monitor industrial processes and control machinery. It can be programmed using ladder logic to read input signals from sensors and control outputs to actuators. A PLC system includes an input module to read sensors, an output module to control actuators, a power supply, and a CPU module containing a processor and memory. PLCs offer advantages over relay-based control systems like larger numbers of inputs/outputs, lower cost, easier programming and troubleshooting, and reliability. Common instructions include examine if closed/open to check inputs, and output energize/latch/unlatch to control outputs. Timers allow timing functions like delays and pulse widths to be programmed. PLCs repeatedly
00 AM Step 4 Overview V1.pptx
This document provides an overview of Autonomous Maintenance (AM) Step 4, which focuses on general equipment inspections at the component level. It outlines the key deliverables and implementation process for Step 4. This includes identifying component categories for inspection, developing loss maps to prioritize inspections, creating working principles to understand how equipment functions, and providing hands-on training to develop operator skills in inspecting components like fasteners, pneumatics, drives, and sensors. The goal is to detect and correct abnormalities at the component level in order to improve equipment conditions and maintain performance standards.
History-Aware Explanations: Towards Enabling Human-in-the-Loop in Self-Adapti...
History-Aware Explanations: Towards Enabling Human-in-the-Loop in Self-Adapti...Antonio García-Domínguez
Slides of the SAM 2022 talk titled "History-Aware Explanations: Towards
Enabling Human-in-the-Loop in
Self-Adaptive Systems".Similar to Motor programmes (20)
PLC Programming Example - Conveyor Reject (Shift Register)
PLC Programming Example - Conveyor Reject (Shift Register)
History-Aware Explanations: Towards Enabling Human-in-the-Loop in Self-Adapti...
History-Aware Explanations: Towards Enabling Human-in-the-Loop in Self-Adapti...
More from dcalevelpe
Solo boxes
This short document contains three words: "Apply", "Explain", and "Define". It appears to list three concepts but provides no further context or details about them.
Elite systems flow diagrams
This document outlines a progression of sports programs from early identification of talent through primary school, high school, college and ultimately professional sports. It starts with primary school talent identification programs and moves up through child and youth sports, state-run sports clubs, national sports institutes, elite national squads, college athletic scholarships, and ultimately annual drafts and full time professional sports.
Memory process slide
Long-term memory consists of three parts: short-term sensory store (STSS) briefly holds sensory information before filtering unimportant data, short-term memory (STM) retains around 5-9 pieces of information for 20-30 seconds to aid decision making and can pass information to long-term memory (LTM), and LTM has unlimited capacity and stores information indefinitely.
Training type a2_resource
This document discusses training methods for athletes, including the type of training, intensity, duration, how intensity is measured, how to progressively overload training, and benefits. It also asks how elite athletes would utilize the training method and provides an overview.
National framework-for-sport
The Framework for Sport in England provides a strategic vision and priorities to make England the most active and successful sporting nation in the world by 2020. It aims to increase participation in sport, help athletes succeed at the highest levels, and leverage the 2012 London Olympics. Sport England will provide strategic leadership through regional boards and partnerships with 20 priority sports. A new approach focuses on helping people start, stay in, and succeed in sport through activities like Active England, which invests in local innovation. The Framework sets national planning for sport to work as one voice under a shared vision and priorities.
Gcse influences question
Steve is a 16-year-old student from Sheffield who lives near a football club and park. His father works shifts and his mother teaches sports to disabled youth. He has two older siblings, one who works locally and one at university. Steve has a morning paper route and helps a family friend on Saturdays. He has had diabetes since birth but now manages it himself.
Training type a2_resource_corestability_complete
Type of training discussed is core stability training. The intensity depends on whether exercises are isometric or isotonic. Core training can be done in every session, usually at the end, for durations depending on previous training. Intensity can be measured by exhaustion or abdominal curl tests. Overload is achieved by increasing reps, adding weight. Benefits include stabilized spine, shoulders, stronger base, forceful contractions, corrected imbalances, reduced injury risk. Elite athletes focus on core early to build strong base and improve posture, performance for events like swimming.
Training type a2_resource
This document discusses training methods for elite athletes, including the type and intensity of training, duration, how to measure and progressively overload intensity, and benefits. It also asks how elite athletes would utilize this specific training method and provides an overview.
Talent id flow diagrams
This document outlines a modified sports program structure beginning with primary school talent identification programs and progressing through child and youth sport boarding schools, state-run sports clubs in regional zones, state-level sport organizations, and national sports institutes which identify and develop athletes for elite national squads.
Energy systems & fatigue overview
The document discusses three energy pathways - ATP-PC, lactic acid, and aerobic - comparing their energy source, type of reaction, energy yield, threshold, practical example, and controlling enzymes. The ATP-PC and lactic acid pathways provide short-term energy while the aerobic pathway provides long-term energy through aerobic respiration using oxygen.
Gcse influences question
Steve is a 16-year-old student who lives near Sheffield Wednesday FC. His father is a shift worker and his mother teaches sports to disabled youngsters. Steve has diabetes and regulates it himself. He has a morning paper route and helps his father's friend on Saturdays.
Skill related components match up game
This document matches components of physical fitness to their definitions. Coordination is defined as the ability to change body position quickly. Speed is the ability to retain the center of mass above the base of support. Power is the ability to use two or more body parts together.
Aerobic handout
This document summarizes aerobic cellular respiration by outlining its key steps and features:
1) It is an aerobic process that uses glycogen, glucose, or fats as chemical fuels to produce approximately 38 ATP through glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain in the mitochondria.
2) The byproducts are water, carbon dioxide, and no fatiguing byproducts. It takes place in the sarcoplasm for glycolysis and the mitochondrial matrix and cristae for subsequent steps.
3) Controlling enzymes include glycogen phosphorylase, phosphofructokinase, and lipase for the different fuels.
Atp pc handout
This document outlines the anaerobic ATP-PC energy system. It provides quick energy in the form of ATP through the breakdown of phosphocreatine (PC) without using oxygen. This reaction takes place in the sarcoplasm of muscle cells, and is controlled by the enzymes ATPase and creatine kinase. The byproducts of this reaction include Pi and creatine, until aerobic respiration can resynthesize ATP from spare energy during recovery.
Year 12 SoW
The document outlines the monthly objectives and areas of work for a student's AS Unit 2 coursework from September to May. Over the months, the student will focus on different topics including the sporting pyramid, UK agencies, talent identification pathways, lifetime sports, technical and tactical development, training analysis, notation analysis of themselves and an elite performer, and strengths and weaknesses analysis. They will complete drafts and final versions of the technical, tactical, training analysis, notation and strengths/weaknesses sections. Practical lessons are also scheduled.
Short term psych revision
Self-efficacy is influenced by performance accomplishments, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and emotional arousal. Anxiety can be state-specific or a general trait and theories link anxiety levels to an inverted-U relationship with performance. Coaches can help raise self-efficacy through goal setting, imagery, positive self-talk, and simulating competitive situations in practice.
Year 12 revision schedule
This revision schedule outlines dates from May 13-29 for Year 12 students, listing the lesson time and teacher for each date. It instructs students in Year 12 to attend every revision session according to the schedule, notifying the teacher by email 24 hours in advance if unable to attend a scheduled session.
More from dcalevelpe (20)
Recently uploaded
BBR 2024 Summer Sessions Interview Training
Qualitative research interview training by Professor Katrina Pritchard and Dr Helen Williams
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama UniversityAkanksha trivedi rama nursing college kanpur.
Natural birth techniques are various type such as/ water birth , alexender method, hypnosis, bradley method, lamaze method etcANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS OF HIP JOINT.pdf
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
Community pharmacy- Social and preventive pharmacy UNIT 5
Covered community pharmacy topic of the subject Social and preventive pharmacy for Diploma and Bachelor of pharmacy
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Aberdeen
The Diamonds of 2023-2024 in the IGRA collection
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdThe History of Stoke Newington Street Names
Presented at the Stoke Newington Literary Festival on 9th June 2024
www.StokeNewingtonHistory.com
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
Any substance (other than food) that is used to prevent, diagnose, treat, or relieve symptoms of a
disease or abnormal condition
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Recently uploaded (20)
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
Community pharmacy- Social and preventive pharmacy UNIT 5
Community pharmacy- Social and preventive pharmacy UNIT 5
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Motor programmes
- 1. A Level Sport and Physical Education Motor Programmes 01/25/16 .1
- 2. LEARNING OBJECTIVE BY THE END OF THIS CHAPTER YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO: Understand the make up of a motor programme Describe motor programmes through the use of practical examples Demonstrate How Open and Closed Loop Theory explains how skills are controlled Understand SCHEMA theory and compare it to Open and Closed Loop theory 01/25/16 .2
- 3. MOTOR AND EXECUTIVE PROGRAMMES 01/25/16 .3 MOTOR PROGRAMME or EXECUTIVE MOTOR PROGRAMME • IS A PLAN of the whole skill or pattern of movement • defined as a set of movements stored as a whole in the long-term memory • contains all the information required to make a movement : – which muscles to use – the order in which muscles are used – the phasing and degree of contraction of muscles • enables a skill to be performed • can be made up of a large number of subroutines • must be adaptable so that it can be altered when the environment / surroundings change SUBROUTINES • component parts of an executive programme • structured in layers – some subroutines can be in turn broken down into further subroutines which form smaller parts of a skill • which when fully learned can be performed automatically • without conscious control
- 4. MOTOR AND EXECUTIVE PROGRAMMES 01/25/16 .4 STRUCTURE OF EXECUTIVE PROGRAMME FOR A DISCUS THROW D I S C U S T H R O W E X E C U T I V E P R O G R A M M E p r e l i m i n a r y s w i n g s i n i t i a l s t a n c e t r a n s i t i o n i n t o t u r n t u r n p o w e r p o s i t i o n t h r o w i n g a c t i o n r e c o v e r y S U B R O U T I N E S f e e t / l e g a c t i o n t r u n k a c t i o n a r m a c t i o n
- 5. MOTOR AND EXECUTIVE PROGRAMMES 01/25/16 .5 STRUCTURE OF EXECUTIVE PROGRAMME FOR A TENNIS SERVE T E N N I S S E R V E E X E C U T I V E P R O G R A M M E s t a n c eg r i p t h r o w s w i n g w e i g h t t r a n s f e r s t r i k e S U B R O U T I N E S f e e t / l e g a c t i o n t r u n k a c t i o n a r m a c t i o n
- 6. MOTOR CONTROL 01/25/16 .6 OPEN LOOP CONTROL • this applies to executive programmes whose subroutines are simple and well-learned • and are automatic (no conscious thought is necessary) • they are then completed rapidly without time for feedback • and apply to closed and self-paced skills • examples : – tennis serve – discus throw M O T O R C O N T R O L M E C H A N I S M M O T O R C O M M A N D S M O V E M E N T
- 7. MOTOR CONTROL 01/25/16 .7 CLOSED LOOP CONTROL • this applies to ongoing movements • in which only part of the information necessary to complete a movement is sent to effector organs (neuromuscular system) • the remaining information is sent following feedback via kinaesthesis • information about balance and body position can be used to change these factors during a movement • examples : – riding a bike – performing a gymnastic move – performing a complex dive M O T O R C O N T R O L M E C H A N I S M M O T O R C O M M A N D S M O V E M E N T K I N A E S T H E T I C F E E D B A C K
- 8. SCHEMA (SCHMIDT’s THEORY) 01/25/16 .8 • SCHEMA: IS A BUILD UP OF EXPERIENCES, which can be adapted and used to meet the demands of new situations. • It explains how sports performers can undertake so many actions with very little conscious control • The bigger the schema the more efficient the movement • Large amounts of varied practice are needed to improve a schema • Feedback is very important to correct and update a schema CAN YOU DESCRIBE ANY SCHEMA’S YOU HAVE BUILT UP FOR YOUR SPORT?
- 9. SCHEMA 01/25/16 .9 • a schema is the information about : – where the performer is (knowledge of the environment) – what the performer has to do to perform successfully (response specifications) – what a movement feels like (sensory consequences) – what happens when the performer responds (response outcomes) • which is stored and used to update a motor programme when used next RECALL SCHEMA • this is all the information needed to start a relevant movement • the knowledge of the environment (initial conditions) – playing conditions (pitch, playing surface, weather) – positions of team mates and opposition – condition of equipment (kit, bike, car) • the response specifications (the correct technical model) – speed and force required – size and shape of movement required – techniques and styles used
- 10. SCHEMA 01/25/16 .10 RECOGNITION SCHEMA • information needed to correct errors and remember correct performance • information about evaluating the response • sensory consequences (knowledge of performance) – the feeling and look of the performance • response outcomes (movement outcomes) – the results of performance – knowledge of results (how far / fast / many) • used when there is enough time to process feedback • or for evaluating performance
- 11. MOTOR AND EXECUTIVE PROGRAMMES 01/25/16 .11 STRUCTURE OF EXECUTIVE PROGRAMME FOR A _________________________________