Syntax
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1. A syntax defines the rules and structure of proper sentences through word order and grammatical categories like nouns, verbs, adjectives. 2. Key parts of syntax include noun phrases (NP), verb phrases (VP), prepositions (PP), and formulas to define sentence structure like S → NP + VP. 3. Main lexical categories include nouns (people, places, things), pronouns (words used instead of nouns), verbs (words describing actions), adjectives (words describing nouns), adverbs (words adding meaning to verbs/adjectives), and determiners (words specifying nouns like articles).
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Syntax- introduction to syntax
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Syntax
- 1. Syntax:
- 2. Definition of Syntax: A syntax is an order of words and phrases which forms proper sentences.
- 3. Formulas’ of Syntax: Formulas’ of syntax (1957) : S NP + VP NP (Determiner) (Adjective) Noun (PP) VP Verb (NP) (PP) (Adverb) PP Preposition+ NP Formula of syntax (1975): S NP+(Aux) + VP
- 5. Noun: Noun: A noun is a word which refers to a person, place, or thing. For example: John is playing. John is the noun because it is a name of a person. It is a proper noun. I am travelling to America. America is the noun because it is referring to a place. I like to read books. Book is the noun because it is an object or thing.
- 6. Pronoun: A pronoun is a word that is used instead of a noun. For example: Jennifer is eating. She is eating. She is the pronoun here.
- 7. Adjective: An adjective is a word that describes a noun. For example: The blue bird is flying. Blue is the adjective because it is describing the noun which is bird.
- 8. Verb: A verb is a word that describes an action. For example: I am running. She kicked the ball. I ate.
- 9. Adverb: An adverb is a word which adds extra meaning to a verb, sentence or another adverb. For example: He left his office quickly. I finished my work swiftly.
- 10. Determiners: Anything that deals with a subject or object is known as determiner. Determiner Determine To find out Articles A, An, TheThat, These, Those , Some , Few, Little, Any Range Amount The particular thing
- 11. Syntax Tree Diagram: The big man left his office. Sentence NP VP Determiner The Verb Left NP NounDet His Office Adj Big Noun man
- 12. Postposition, Adposition and pre position : post positioning: When the preposition of a sentence appears after the objects then it is known as post position. Because of language barrier. Translate from word to word. Ad position: A word that shows the relation of a noun or pronoun to some other word in a sentence Object/ Noun/ Preposition Pronoun Because of cultural tradition.
- 13. Pre position: When the preposition of a sentence appears before the objects then it is known as pre position.