This document provides an introduction to word morphology and discusses its purposes and components. Morphology is the study of word structures and forms. There are two main purposes for studying morphology: creating new words and modifying existing words. Words have an internal structure and are composed of smaller units called morphemes, including roots, prefixes, and suffixes. Roots provide a word's basic meaning, while affixes like prefixes and suffixes can change a word's part of speech or meaning.

1. LIC. EN IDIOMA INGLÉS
INTRODUCCIÓN A LA TRADUCCIÓN
INGLÉS-ESPAÑOL-INGLÉS
6° Cuatrimestre
Lic. Mario Díaz Escobedo
Equipo 2
Marbella Fernández Orozco
Ricardo E. Ramírez Posada
Esau

2. WHAT’S ?
Origin
Greek
morph-shape
form
-ology
Study of
something
The internal structure of words
Morphology as a sub-discipline of linguistics was named for the first time in 1859
by the German linguist August Schleicher who used the term for the study of the
form of words.

3. THE PURPOSES OF STUDYING MORPHOLOGY
The two basic purposes for
morphology:
A. THE CREATION OF NEW WORDS
B. THE MODIFICATION OF EXISTING
WORDS.

4. What is a word?
 They are the smallest independent units of language.
 They do not depend on other words which means that they can be separated
from other units and can change position.
 They have an internal structure and are built up by even smaller pieces.

5. A WORD AND ITS PARTS:
 A root morpheme is the basic form to which other morphemes are attached. It
provides the basic meaning of the word.
 simple words that don’t have an internal structure and only consist of one
piece. A simple word only consisting of one single morpheme is therefore
a free morpheme, that is, it is a word itself.
EXAMPLE: work.
There is no way we can divide work (wo-rk?) into smaller parts that carry
meaning or function.
 Complex words however, do have an internal structure and consist of two or
more pieces. Morphemes that must be attached to another morpheme to
receive meaning are bound morphemes.
EXAMPLE: worker
where the ending –er is added to the root work to make it into a noun
meaning someone who works.

6. MORPHEMES

7. Example:

8. PREFIXES
They are placed before the root
Inflection
They do not change the part of the speech
Make (verb) True (noun)
Remake (verb) Untrue (noun)
Derivation
They change the part of the speech
(sometimes)
Forget (verb)
Unforgettable (adjective)

9. SUFFIXES
They are placed after the root
● INFLECTIONS
Do not change the part of the speech. Example: (verb - verb) work – works
(noun - noun) hand – hands
● ROOT + BOUND MORPHEMES = NEW WORD
wonder + ful = wonderful arrive + ing= arriving
● DERIVATIONAL They change the part of the speech
(sometimes)
nation (noun) national (adjective)
usual (adjective) usually (adverb)