Moral v.s Non-moral standards.pptx
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The information found in this presentation is coming from a book Gallinero, et. al. (2019) Ethics Mutya Publishing House and YouTube video discussion found at https://youtu.be/SVYcETMuJg8.Retrieval Date March 16, 2022.
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Culture influences one's moral development in several key ways according to the document:
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Ethics is the philosophical study of morality and seeks to understand concepts like good, evil, right, wrong and justice. There are differing views on the source and nature of morality. Objectivists believe morality is objective and stems from supernatural beings or natural laws, while subjectivists see it as subjective and based on human rationality. Major ethical theories discussed include utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics and ethical relativism. Different theories provide various approaches to determining what constitutes moral and ethical behavior.
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This document discusses the relationship between religion and ethics. It explores different perspectives on whether morality is dependent on religion such as the Divine Command Theory and the Independence Thesis. The document also examines arguments for and against the idea that religion enhances moral life or is even contrary to morality. Key figures discussed include Kant, Russell, Hume, Nowell-Smith, and Rachels.
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At the end of the lesson, you should be able learn:
1. recognize and recall a moral experience;
2. detect a moral dilemma;
3 .identify the three levels of moral dilemmas.
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Deontology is a duty-based ethical theory that focuses on acts being right or wrong based on whether they conform to moral rules and duties, rather than the consequences of the acts. Under deontology, the consequences of acts do not affect their morality - acts are prohibited if they violate rules of duty, even if they produce good outcomes. Some key aspects of deontology discussed in the document include it focusing on intention over consequences, certain choices being forbidden no matter their results, and the priority of doing the right act over producing good.
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The document discusses the relationship between culture and moral behavior. It states that cultures vary substantially in both moral judgments and behaviors. Cultural factors like religion, social institutions, and environment contribute to this variation between and within societies. While there are differences, there are also commonalities as moral thinking and conduct are influenced by cultural learning and social norms. Overall, the document examines how culture shapes ethics and what is considered right or wrong within a society.
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This chapter introduces the concepts of ethics and morality. It discusses what ethics is, the nature of morality, and why morality is needed. It explores different ethical theories regarding the basis of morality and how morality relates to concepts like religion, law, and social etiquette. Key aspects of morality discussed include moral principles, how actions, consequences, character, and motives are evaluated, and the purposes and goals of having a system of morality.
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The document discusses the importance of values in society. It states that nowadays there is a lack of values and questions what has happened to them. Values are feelings and relationships that enrich people's experiences. The document outlines several key values including love, justice, work, friendship, liberty, and peace. It discusses how values serve as a compass to guide decisions. Finally, it states that the main influences that help create values are the family, school, media, and peer groups.
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1) The document discusses several philosophical approaches to ethics including identifying moral principles, evaluating alternative values, and understanding the relationship between ethics and religious beliefs.
2) It explores whether ethical judgments are relative, subjective, and incomparable or if common values allow for ethical discussion and argument.
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Deontological ethics focuses on adherence to rules of duty, rather than consequences. Actions are judged based on whether they conform to moral norms, regardless of outcomes. Key aspects of deontological ethics include: intentions matter more than consequences; actions can be right or wrong based on adherence to principles like duties, rights, and maxims. Examples of deontological theories include divine command theory and Kantian ethics. Deontological ethics differs from consequentialism, which judges actions based on their outcomes, and virtue ethics, which focuses on character development.
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Morals refer to rules that govern right and wrong actions for individuals or societies, though what is considered moral can vary between cultures. There are various moral philosophies and principles such as non-maleficence, beneficence, justice, and honesty. Ethics provide guiding principles for determining what is good or bad and respond to specific situations, governed by individual or professional norms rather than social customs. While morals may differ between groups, ethics aim to be more uniform and allow for freedom of thought when addressing right and wrong conduct.
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Any Good I Can Do
I expect to pass through the world but once.
Any good therefore that I can do, or any kindness I can show to any creature, let me do it now.
Let me not defer it, for I shall not pass this way again.
—Stephen Grellet, French-American Religious Leader (1773–1855)
Words Are “Tools of Thought”
The following is true of the study of any new subject:
New vocabulary and an understanding of abstract theories and principles of ethics will be necessary.
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Ethics
Ethics is the branch of philosophy that deals with values relating to human conduct with respect to rightness and wrongness of actions and goodness and badness of motives and ends.
It involves the study of morality, virtues, and values, and how they affect one’s character.
It involves how individuals decide to live within accepted boundaries and how we live in harmony with one another and nature.
Scope of Ethics
Micro-ethics: Individual’s view of right and wrong
Macro-ethics: Global view of right and wrong
Ethics from Various Perspectives
Ethics is used in different but related ways.
Philosophical ethics involves inquiry about ways of life and rules of conduct.
Ethics may also be a general pattern or way of life (e.g., religious ethics).
Ethics may refer to moral codes.
Why Study Ethics?
To recognize healthcare dilemmas
To provide tools for constructive deliberation and conflict resolution
To make sound judgments
To better understand the goodness and badness of motives and ends
Morality
Aim above Morality.
Be not simply good;
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What Is Morality?
Morality is a code of conduct.
It implies the quality of being in accord with standards of right and good conduct.
It describes a class of rules held by society to govern the conduct of its individual members.
Morals
Ideas about what is right and wrong
Guides to behavior that rational persons put forward for governing their behavior
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This document provides an overview of ethics and discusses ethics in business and information technology. It defines ethics as a set of beliefs about right and wrong behavior within a society. Various philosophical approaches to ethics are described, including virtue ethics, deontology, utilitarianism, and situation ethics. The document also notes that business ethics has become increasingly important due to greater globalization and economic pressures. It discusses the concept of corporate social responsibility and provides approaches for making ethical decisions. Finally, it covers some common ethical issues that arise with information technology.
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- 1. God’s priority is not your destination but your development. God’s priority isn’t the dream but the dreamer. - Bo Sanchez
- 3. MORAL AND NON MORAL STANDARD Lesson 2
- 4. Learning Objectives At the end of the one hour class, the students are expected to: • Enumerate and explain the characteristics of moral standards; • Give examples of moral and non-moral standards; • Differentiate between moral and non-moral standards; and • Explain how rules in life differ from moral standards.
- 5. Standards Standards are rules that help people understand what should be done or avoided so there can be order in society. Standards can be moral or non- moral.
- 6. What is a moral standard? • It normally promotes the good, that is the welfare and well-being of humans as well as animals and the environment. • It is a code of what is right or wrong without reference to specific behaviours or beliefs (O’Connor, Lynn, 1997).
- 7. Characteristics of moral standard • Moral standards involve behaviours that seriously affect other people’s well-being. • Moral standards take a more important consideration than other standards, including self-interest. • Moral standards do not depend on any external authority but in how the person perceives the reasonableness of the action.
- 8. Characteristics of moral standard • Moral standards are believed to be universal. • Moral standards are based on objectivity. • Moral standards are associated with vocabulary that depicts emotions or feelings like guilt, shame, remorse, praise, indignation, etc..
- 9. What is a non-moral standard? • It can be considered as relative standards by which someone or something is being judged as either good or bad. • Refer to standards by which we judge what is good or bad and right or wrong in a non-moral way. It is a matter of taste and preference
- 10. Moral standards versus other rules in life Etiquette is a set of rules on how an individual should responsibly behave in the society (Taylor and Williams, 2017). Policy is a clear, simple statement of how an organization plans to handle its services, actions, or business. These are guiding rules to help with decision making (The University of Sydney, 2017).
- 11. Moral standards versus other rules in life Law is a rule created and enforced by the government and its agencies to maintain order, resolve disputes, and protect a person’s liberty and rights (Robertson 2018 as cited by Brickley and Gottesman, 2017). Commandment is a rule that is strictly observed because it was said to be set by divine entity, such as those in the Ten Commandments (Stahl, 2009).
- 12. WHY NEED TO DISTINGUISH MORAL STANDARDS FROM NON MORAL ONES?
- 13. WHY NEED TO DISTINGUISH MORAL STANDARDS FROM NON MORAL ONES? Different cultures have different moral standards. What is a matter of indifference that is, a matter of taste in our culture maybe a matter of moral significance in another.
- 14. WHY NEED TO DISTINGUISH MORAL STANDARDS FROM NON MORAL ONES? People have to understand the difference between moral standards and non-moral standard to identify fundamental ethical values that may guide our action.
- 15. ACTIVITY In a ½ sheet of paper create a Venn diagram regarding the moral and non-moral standards. Take a picture of it and submit it in the google classroom. Deadline will be on Friday. Content - 5 Creativity- 3 Neatness - 2 =10 points
- 16. ASSIGNMENT Recall a personal experience where you encountered a situation with a moral dilemma. Write it down in a short bondpaper (encoded) and submit it in the google classroom.