MOLECULAR Distillation.pptx
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Molecular distillation is a separation technique that works on a molecular level under vacuum conditions. It takes advantage of the differences in vapor pressure and boiling points between mixture components to allow individual molecules to travel freely in the vapor phase without colliding before condensing in a purified state. The document introduces molecular distillation and conventional distillation, noting that molecular distillation is useful for purifying chemicals, fixed oils, and separating components of fish liver oil as it can achieve separation at the single molecule level under vacuum.
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The document describes a vacuum dryer used to dry heat sensitive and hygroscopic materials. It works by reducing chamber pressure below water vapor pressure through a vacuum pump, allowing water to boil and evaporate faster. Trays inside the hollow oven increase surface area for heat conduction. Materials are dried at 25-30°C as water vapor is evaporated under vacuum and condenses before being collected.
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The document summarizes a fluidized bed dryer. It works by fluidizing wet solid particles using hot air forced through a perforated bed from the bottom. The dryer is made of stainless steel or plastic with a detachable bowl for charging and discharging materials. Hot air is circulated through the bed to dry particles completely before exiting through bag filters. It allows for continuous, rapid drying at a constant rate with high efficiency and capacity compared to other dryers. Pharmaceutical uses include drying granules for tablet production and granule coating.
SPRAY DRYER
Spray drying is an industrial process that transforms a liquid feed containing dissolved or dispersed solids into a spray of small droplets that are exposed to hot air to be dried. It allows for effective control of product quality and properties during continuous high-tonnage production. While spray dryers are bulky and expensive, they permit thermolabile pharmaceuticals to be dried at low temperature and are used to dry products like penicillin, enzymes, and vaccines.
Drum Dryer
The document describes a drum dryer, which consists of one or two horizontally mounted hollow cylinders or drums that are heated internally by steam and rotated. Liquid or slurry is spread as a film onto the heated, rotating drum surface where it dries rapidly via conduction and steam heating. The dried material is then scraped off and collected while the drum continues rotating. Drum drying allows for rapid drying of thermosensitive materials in a compact system, though it requires careful control of processing parameters and has high maintenance costs.
tray drayer.pptx
The tray dryer uses forced hot air convection to remove moisture from solids placed on stainless steel trays. It has double-walled insulation and doors with gaskets. Hot air is blown through the chamber at 2-5 meters per second to evaporate water from the surface of the solids on each tray, which are loaded and unloaded batch-wise. Tray dryers are efficient, require little labor, and are available with capacities from 6 to 192 trays.
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
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Website: https://pecb.com/
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9
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- 5. Thank You