4. GINGIVAL CLOSED CURETTAGE
By definition a gingival curettage is the use of an
instrument (curett) against the gingival side of a
pocket in order to scrape and debride the soft
tissue wall.
Its purpose is to remove chronically inflamed tissue
elements and help maintain a state of periodontal
health.
Gingival curettage is for pocket reduction,
treatment of periodontal abscesses, presurgical
debridement and periodontal maintenance.
5. INDICATION
· Localized, mild to moderate periodontitis
· Shallow pocket depth
· When more extensive surgery is
contraindicated
· Treatment of isolated infrabony pockets
8. CONTRAINDICATION
· Advanced periodontitis with deeper infrabony pockets
(treatment requires excellent vision during the operation)
· Acute infection (ANUG)
· Acute lession (periodontitis in patients with AIDS)
· Fibrous epithelial enlargement (phenytoin hyperplasia)
· Extension of the base of the pocket apical to mucogingival
junction
9. Advantage
· Minimum tissue loss
· Posibility for complete removal of infected crevicular
epithelium and underlying connective tissue
· Minimal discomfort to the patient
· Minimal hemorrhage
· Healing is often uneventful
Disadvantage
· Limited access can be obtained to deep or irregular
pockets
· Limited vision compare to flaps
10.
11. MODIFIED WIDMAN FLAP
Flap debridement surgery is defined:
as surgical debridement of the root
surface and the removal of granulation
tissue following the reflection of the soft
tissue flap.
The most commonly practiced technique is
based upon the 'modified Widman flap'.
12. The original 'Widman flap' was comprised of a
mucoperiosteal flap.
The flap was elevated to expose 2-3 mm of the alveolar
bone.
The soft tissue collar incorporating the pocket epithelium
and connective tissue was removed, the exposed root
surface scaled and the bone recontoured to re-establish
a 'physiologic' alveolar form.
The flap margins were placed at the level of the bony
crest to achieve optimal pocket reduction.
WIDMAN 1920 USA Widman I. The operative treatment of pyorrhoe alveolaris . A new
surgical method. Brit Dent J 1920; 1:293.
NEUMANN 1919 GERMANY Neumann R. Die Alveolar-Pyorrhöe und ihre Behandlung.
1920. 3rd ed. Berlin: H. Meusser
13. The original 'Widman flap'
The main advantages of this technique as
compared to gingivectomy were claimed to be
less discomfort, since healing was by primary
intention and re-establishment of a 'physiologic'
bony contour at sites with angular bony defects.
14. The term modified Widman flap
Exposure of the interproximal bone and elimination of
infrabony defects by osseous recontouring is not carried
out.
When esthetic considerations are paramount,
intracrevicular incisions starting at the free gingival margins
are used to minimize postsurgical gingival shrinkage.
Vertical releasing incisions are usually not used
KIRKLAND 1931 Kirkland O. The suppurative periodontal pus pocket; its
treatment by the modified flap operation J Amer Dent Assoc 1931; 18:1462-1470.
MODIFIED WIDMAN FLAP Ramfjord SP, Nissle RR. The modified Widman flap. J
Periodontol 1974; 45:601-607.
15. „Módosított Widman-lebeny”
• Ramfjord and Nissle 1974-
• modified Widman-flap” technique
• „open curettage”
• aim :
• to remove BIOFILM , calculus and plaque retentive
subgingival factors
•
• other name „access flap surgery”
31. THE MODIFIED WIDMAN FLAP
Purpose:
• to make access to the root surface
• to obtain an intimate postoperative
adaptation of healthy collagenous connective
tissue and normal epithelium to the root
surface.
No surgical pocket elimination and apical
displacement of the flap.
32. the aim of the modified Widman flap
surgery is
healing and reattachment of periodontal
pockets with minimum loss of periodontal
tissues during and after surgery
reduction of probing pocket depth by
shrinkage individually occurs.
33. The modified Widman flap
" open gingival curettage"
to obtain access to the root surface and an intimate
postoperative adaptation of healthy collagenous connective
tissue and normal epithelium to the root surface.
do not aim at surgical pocket elimination and apical
displacement of the flap.
34. The modified Widman flap
to obtain access to the root surface and an intimate
postoperative adaptation of healthy collagenous connective
tissue and normal epithelium to the root surface.
When esthetic considerations are paramount, intracrevicular
incisions starting at the free gingival margins are used to
minimize postsurgical gingival shrinkage.
Vertical releasing incisions are usually not used
35. Indications
The MWF is indicated for the treatment of all types
of periodontitis and provides excellent result with
probing depths up to ca. 6 mm.
- Advantageous use of MWF will depend upon the
pathomorphologic situation on individual teeth and
at various periodontal sites.
- Possibility of establishing an intimate postoperative
adaptation of healthy collagenous connective tissue
and normal epithelium.
- Minimal or no inflammation is present
36. Advantages
1. Root cleaning with direct vision
2. Protective of tissues, reparative
3. Healing by primary intention
4. Lack of pain or complications postoperatively
37. Procedure
The flap surgery should not be initiated until one or
two months after completion of the hygienic phase of
the periodontal therapy.
The initial gingival incision
"internal reverse bevel incision"
should be made with a knife
that can be directed parallel
to the long axis of the tooth.
Procedure
The flap surgery should not be initiated unti
two months after completion of the hygienic
the periodontal therapy.
The initial gingival incision
should be made with a knife
that can be directed parallel
to the long axis of the tooth.
40. A second incision is made
around the neck of each
tooth from the bottom of
the pocket to the alveolar
crest.
Vertical gingival releasing incision usually is not
needed. A full thickness flap is elevated for only 1-2
mm from the alveolar crest as needed for access to
the root surfaces and the interproximal one.
41. The third and final incision is made with a
narrow interproximal knife. The buccal and/or
lingual flaps are deflected by a periosteal
elevator on top of the alveolar crest to dissect
free the collar of
gingival tissues, which is
been separated from the
buccal and lingual gingival
flaps and the teeth.
The separated collar of
gingival tissue is then
removed with curettes.
57. The modified Widman flap
Exposure of the interproximal bone and elimination of
infrabony defects by osseous recontouring is not carried out.
When esthetic considerations are paramount, intracrevicular
incisions starting at the free gingival margins are used to
minimize postsurgical gingival shrinkage.
Vertical releasing incisions are usually not used
58. Indications
The MWF is indicated for the treatment of all types
of periodontitis and provides excellent result with
probing depths up to ca. 6 mm.
- Advantageous use of MWF will depend upon the
pathomorphologic situation on individual teeth and
at various periodontal sites.
- Possibility of establishing an intimate postoperative
adaptation of healthy collagenous connective tissue
and normal epithelium.
- Minimal or no inflammation is present
59. Advantages
1. Root cleaning with direct vision
2. Protective of tissues, reparative
3. Healing by primary intention
4. Lack of pain or complications postoperatively
