This document discusses the field of ethnobotany, which studies the relationship between societies and plants. It provides examples of traditional medicine systems in Asia that incorporate extensive knowledge of herbal medicines, including Ayurveda (India), Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tibetan medicine, and Unani medicine. The document notes that ethnobotany is important for the conservation of medicinal plant resources and community development. It discusses specific ethnobotanical studies conducted in India, China, and Northeast India to document traditional knowledge and its application to sustainable management of medicinal plant resources.
The document discusses how promoting the cultivation of medicinal plants can help double farmer's incomes in India. It notes rising global demand for herbal products presents an opportunity. Key points made include: (1) Medicinal plant cultivation can utilize marginal lands and provide stable incomes compared to crops like bajra; (2) Government schemes support medicinal plant nurseries and cultivation; (3) Research institutes are involved in development of medicinal plant cultivation. In conclusion, the untapped market potential offers opportunities for farmers to generate income through medicinal plant farming.
This document provides an overview of ethnopharmacology, including definitions of related terms, areas of research, objectives and strategies. Some key points:
- Ethnopharmacology is the scientific study of materials used by cultures as medicines. It aims to document traditional knowledge and validate treatments.
- Major areas of herbal medicine research include Ayurveda, Traditional Chinese Medicine, European and indigenous systems.
- The objectives are to investigate traditional remedies, identify active compounds, and conduct pharmacological studies.
- Strategies for screening plants include literature reviews, selecting candidates, proper collection and processing, and drug screening procedures.
The document summarizes India's Soil Health Card scheme. The scheme aims to provide every farmer with a soil health card every 3 years containing information on soil parameters and fertilizer recommendations. It will strengthen soil testing labs and promote balanced fertilizer use. Key components include distributing soil health cards, training lab technicians, and providing farmers subsidies for applying recommended nutrients. The goal is to improve soil health nationwide and encourage sustainable nutrient management practices.
Medicinal plants of KPK Pakistan BY Allah Dad Khan Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document provides an overview of medicinal plants found in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. It begins by defining medicinal plants and pharmacognosy. It then lists over 50 plants used in herbalism, describing their benefits and uses. Examples include aloe vera for burns, arnica for inflammation, ginger for nausea, and rosemary for cognitive function. The document discusses where medicinal compounds are derived from plants and their physiological effects. It also mentions plants referenced in the Quran and Hadith and those resembling human organs. The take home message is that many plants have medicinal qualities due to synergistic compounds, and there are no magic bullet cures.
This document discusses global trends in Indian medicinal plants. It notes that India has immense biodiversity with over 45,000 plant species, 18,000 of which have medicinal value. There is high and growing demand for important medicinal plants both domestically and globally. However, 80% of medicinal plants are currently extracted from the wild, which is unsustainable. The document calls for increased conservation, cultivation, and quality control efforts to better meet global demand for Indian medicinal plants in a sustainable way.
This document presents information on integrated farming systems (IFS) models for high rainfall areas of India. It discusses the characteristics of high rainfall regions, examples of areas with the highest rainfall, and the need for IFS in these areas. Components of IFS are described, including crop, livestock, tree, fishery, and other elements. Specific IFS models are outlined, such as rice-fish farming, fish-cum-vegetable systems, and coconut-based IFS. Research on IFS models in different states is summarized through tables presenting production, income, employment effects. The conclusion emphasizes that IFS is important for sustainable resource management and improved rural livelihoods in high rainfall regions.
This document discusses the field of ethnobotany, which studies the relationship between societies and plants. It provides examples of traditional medicine systems in Asia that incorporate extensive knowledge of herbal medicines, including Ayurveda (India), Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tibetan medicine, and Unani medicine. The document notes that ethnobotany is important for the conservation of medicinal plant resources and community development. It discusses specific ethnobotanical studies conducted in India, China, and Northeast India to document traditional knowledge and its application to sustainable management of medicinal plant resources.
The document discusses how promoting the cultivation of medicinal plants can help double farmer's incomes in India. It notes rising global demand for herbal products presents an opportunity. Key points made include: (1) Medicinal plant cultivation can utilize marginal lands and provide stable incomes compared to crops like bajra; (2) Government schemes support medicinal plant nurseries and cultivation; (3) Research institutes are involved in development of medicinal plant cultivation. In conclusion, the untapped market potential offers opportunities for farmers to generate income through medicinal plant farming.
This document provides an overview of ethnopharmacology, including definitions of related terms, areas of research, objectives and strategies. Some key points:
- Ethnopharmacology is the scientific study of materials used by cultures as medicines. It aims to document traditional knowledge and validate treatments.
- Major areas of herbal medicine research include Ayurveda, Traditional Chinese Medicine, European and indigenous systems.
- The objectives are to investigate traditional remedies, identify active compounds, and conduct pharmacological studies.
- Strategies for screening plants include literature reviews, selecting candidates, proper collection and processing, and drug screening procedures.
The document summarizes India's Soil Health Card scheme. The scheme aims to provide every farmer with a soil health card every 3 years containing information on soil parameters and fertilizer recommendations. It will strengthen soil testing labs and promote balanced fertilizer use. Key components include distributing soil health cards, training lab technicians, and providing farmers subsidies for applying recommended nutrients. The goal is to improve soil health nationwide and encourage sustainable nutrient management practices.
Medicinal plants of KPK Pakistan BY Allah Dad Khan Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document provides an overview of medicinal plants found in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. It begins by defining medicinal plants and pharmacognosy. It then lists over 50 plants used in herbalism, describing their benefits and uses. Examples include aloe vera for burns, arnica for inflammation, ginger for nausea, and rosemary for cognitive function. The document discusses where medicinal compounds are derived from plants and their physiological effects. It also mentions plants referenced in the Quran and Hadith and those resembling human organs. The take home message is that many plants have medicinal qualities due to synergistic compounds, and there are no magic bullet cures.
This document discusses global trends in Indian medicinal plants. It notes that India has immense biodiversity with over 45,000 plant species, 18,000 of which have medicinal value. There is high and growing demand for important medicinal plants both domestically and globally. However, 80% of medicinal plants are currently extracted from the wild, which is unsustainable. The document calls for increased conservation, cultivation, and quality control efforts to better meet global demand for Indian medicinal plants in a sustainable way.
This document presents information on integrated farming systems (IFS) models for high rainfall areas of India. It discusses the characteristics of high rainfall regions, examples of areas with the highest rainfall, and the need for IFS in these areas. Components of IFS are described, including crop, livestock, tree, fishery, and other elements. Specific IFS models are outlined, such as rice-fish farming, fish-cum-vegetable systems, and coconut-based IFS. Research on IFS models in different states is summarized through tables presenting production, income, employment effects. The conclusion emphasizes that IFS is important for sustainable resource management and improved rural livelihoods in high rainfall regions.
APPLICATION OF MUTATION BREEDING IN FIELD CROPS Vinod Pawar
The document summarizes a presentation on applying mutation breeding in field crops. It discusses the objectives of mutation breeding, types of mutations, mechanisms of mutations induced by physical and chemical mutagens, applications in developing stress-tolerant varieties and improving quality traits, achievements and limitations. The presentation covers procedures for micro-mutation breeding including generation of mutant populations, screening, selection of desirable mutants, and analysis of improved lines.
Organic farming avoids synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. It uses crop rotation, organic manure, biofertilizers, and biopesticides to maintain soil fertility and pest control. The principles of organic farming are health, ecology, fairness, and care. It improves soil and environmental health while providing high quality, safe food. Organic farming has benefits like increased soil fertility, reduced pollution, and sustainable agricultural production. However, challenges include small land holdings, lack of infrastructure, technology knowledge and organic resources in India.
Ethnobotany: Definition, Development, Impact on traditional medicines & herba...VarshaSrivastav
Ethnobotany is the study of relationships between people and plants. It examines how human cultures interact with and use indigenous plants. Ethnobotany has impacted traditional medicine by informing the evaluation and discovery of herbal drugs. Proper harvesting, processing, and storage of plants as described by ethnobotanical knowledge helps ensure conservation and safe preparation of medicinal plants. Skills in botany, anthropology, and linguistics are required to understand a culture's plant perceptions and terminology. Examples of important drugs derived from ethnobotanical approaches include artemisinin, codeine, and tetrahydrocannabinol.
Medicinal plants importance,scope and uses.ShekhAlisha
A considerable number of definitions have been proposed for the term 'medicinal plant'. According
to the World Health Organization, "a medicinal plant is any plant which, in one or more of its
organs/parts, contains substances that can be used for therapeutic purposes, or which are precursors for
chemo-pharmaceutical semi synthesis"
Processing and value addition of medicinal and herbal cropsRamabhau Patil
Madhya Pradesh is a major producer of medicinal and herbal crops in India, cultivating over 40% of the country's supply. The state has potential to become a processing hub through establishing facilities and technologies for extraction, drying, size reduction, and producing value-added products from crops. Key recommendations include developing appropriate processing technologies adaptable to rural areas, strengthening R&D institutes with pilot plants, and establishing agro processing centers with custom processing facilities to improve post-harvest handling and increase incomes for tribal collectors.
Quality control parameters for medicinal plantsShah Ummar
Content of Presentation
Global Market: Share
Indian Medicinal Plant Sector Profile
Area and production of Medicinal and Aromatic plants in India
Why Quality Control?
What is Quality control?
Factors contributing to variation in the content and composition of raw materials.
Quality Control Parameters for Medicinal Plant Materials
Limits of Microbial Contamination : (WHO,2006)
Parameters involved in the Quality Evaluation of Herbal Drugs
The Cost of Poor Quality
Standards for Medicinal plants
Quality control Standards
Quality Demands from Global Markets
Genesis of GAP & GFCP
Criteria for Good Agricultural Practices
Criteria for Good Field Collection Practice
Certification process: At a Glance
Voluntary Certification Scheme for Medicinal Plant Produce (VCSMPP)
Conclusion
This document discusses non-timber forest products (NTFPs) and their value addition in rural livelihoods. It covers NTFP classification, trade in Southeast Asia, supply chains, processing techniques for honey, lac, amla, tendu leaves, sal leaves, and others. Value addition through products like honey processing, lac sheets, amla murabba helps stabilize incomes and provides opportunities. However, issues include exploitation by traders, lack of market information and government support, and environmental impacts if not sustainably harvested. The document suggests promoting sustainability, empowering communities, and ensuring benefits are shared.
This presentation describes several medicinal plants commonly found in Pakistan. It provides the scientific name, classification, parts used, and medicinal uses of 14 plants: Papaver somniferum, Cassia fistula, Trigonella foenum-graceum, Carica papaya, Citrullus colocynthis, Azadirachta indica, Cucurma longa, Allium sativum, Aloe vera, Ricinus communis, Cymbopogon citratus, Foeniculum vulgare, Cannabis sativa, and Zingiber officinale. Some key uses included treatment of pain, inflammation, fever, infections, and diseases like diabetes. The presenter
India has over 17,000 plant species used in traditional medicine systems. State Medicinal Plant Boards were established to coordinate policies around medicinal plants between central and state governments. The boards promote cultivation, conservation, industry support, research, and advise governments on matters like assessment, schemes, and intellectual property. They work to develop medicinal plants by coordinating across ministries and advising on related issues.
AGRN 725: Agronomy of Medicinal, Aromatic and Under-utilized CropsSuman Dey
This document discusses the distribution, classification, and conservation of medicinal and aromatic plants in India. It provides details on the distribution of 131 species based on altitude zones and plant parts used. MAPs are classified based on habit, family, and habitat. Important conservation practices adopted in India include legislation, in-situ conservation through protected areas like biosphere reserves and sacred groves, and ex-situ conservation methods like field gene banks, seed banks, and cryopreservation.
This document discusses Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) for medicinal plants. It outlines that food safety is important from health and trade perspectives, and hazards can occur at all stages of food production. Implementing GAP during farm production and post-production is important to ensure a safe food supply. The document then provides definitions and guidelines related to GAP for medicinal plants, including cultivating and collecting practices, and ensuring quality and safety of medicinal plant materials.
POST-HARVEST MANAGEMENT OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTSSubham Dwivedi
This document discusses the post-harvest management of medicinal and aromatic plants. It describes that post-harvest management includes cleaning, sorting, packaging, storage, transportation and distribution of harvested crops. It provides technical details of harvesting, drying, packing, storage, transportation and the equipment used. It emphasizes the importance of hygiene, cleaning, sorting and grading of harvested materials and stresses the need for training of personnel involved in post-harvest activities.
Contribution of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) on Rural Food Security.Shah Ummar
This document summarizes a student's seminar on the contribution of non-timber forest products to rural food security. It begins with definitions of NTFPs and discusses their classification. It also covers how NTFPs contribute to food security, rural livelihoods, and nutrition. Case studies from India and Laos show how local communities rely on wild edible plants and other NTFPs for household food consumption and income. The document concludes that NTFPs make a significant direct and indirect contribution to rural food security and livelihoods.
This document discusses underutilized vegetable crops and their potential. It begins by explaining that while over 75,000 edible plant species exist globally, only around 150 are widely cultivated. It then discusses the nutritional value of various vegetables and common nutrient deficiencies. The concept of underutilized vegetable crops (UUVCs) is introduced as crops that are locally important but lack national recognition. UUVCs have potential for food security, income generation, and environmental benefits. Some constraints to their development include lack of awareness, research, and marketing support. The document concludes by listing examples of UUVCs from Central India along with their uses.
This document discusses the value of home gardens to small farmers in Nepal. It defines home gardens as multi-species, multi-storied gardens near homes that provide a variety of goods for household consumption. Approximately 72% of Nepalese households have home gardens that contribute significantly to food security, nutrition, income and the conservation of agricultural biodiversity. Home gardens contain a wide diversity of plant species that provide food, fodder, fuel, medicines and other goods essential for livelihoods and cultural traditions. They serve as a safety net during times of food scarcity and are an important site for experimenting with and preserving agricultural biodiversity in Nepal.
Organic farming is a production system that avoids synthetic inputs such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides. It relies on ecological processes, biodiversity, and practices adapted to local conditions. Organic farming combines tradition, innovation, and science to benefit the environment and promote fair relationships. The key methods of organic farming include crop rotation, green manures, compost, biological pest control, and mechanical cultivation. Organic farming can improve soil quality, biodiversity, and weed management compared to conventional farming.
Plant genetic resources their utilization and conservation in crop improvementNaveen Kumar
This document discusses plant genetic resources. It defines plant genetic resources as the genetic material in crop plants and their wild relatives. It notes that plant genetic resources include landraces, obsolete and modern cultivars, advanced breeding lines, wild relatives, and induced mutants. The document outlines the various components that make up plant genetic resources and strategies for conserving genetic resources both in and ex situ.
( Talking about Herbicides )
History
Prior to the widespread use of chemical herbicides, cultural controls, such as altering soil pH, salinity, or fertility levels, were used to control weeds. Mechanical control (including tillage) was also (and still is) used to control weeds.
The document summarizes the pharmacognostic and phytochemical evaluation of the leaf and stem of Euphorbia hirta. Macroscopic and microscopic analysis revealed characteristic features of the leaf such as elliptic or oblong shape, faintly toothed margins, and presence of anomocytic stomata. Microscopic analysis of the stem showed small epidermal cells with papillate outer walls and vascular tissue comprising xylem and phloem. Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of steroids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, proteins, alkaloids and saponins. The results provide standardized information that can help in the identification and quality control of E. hirta materials.
The document discusses establishing a herbal industry in Nepal utilizing Eastern medicinal plants. It summarizes a study that surveyed traditional medicinal plants in Eastern Nepal and analyzed some samples for antioxidant properties. Three plants - Pakhanbed (Berginia ciliata), Laliguras (Rhododendron arboreum), and Asuro (Adhatoda vasica) - showed promising results and prospects for industrial applications. The study recommends promoting cultivation of these plants and establishing processing industries in Nepal to help develop the herbal industry.
APPLICATION OF MUTATION BREEDING IN FIELD CROPS Vinod Pawar
The document summarizes a presentation on applying mutation breeding in field crops. It discusses the objectives of mutation breeding, types of mutations, mechanisms of mutations induced by physical and chemical mutagens, applications in developing stress-tolerant varieties and improving quality traits, achievements and limitations. The presentation covers procedures for micro-mutation breeding including generation of mutant populations, screening, selection of desirable mutants, and analysis of improved lines.
Organic farming avoids synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. It uses crop rotation, organic manure, biofertilizers, and biopesticides to maintain soil fertility and pest control. The principles of organic farming are health, ecology, fairness, and care. It improves soil and environmental health while providing high quality, safe food. Organic farming has benefits like increased soil fertility, reduced pollution, and sustainable agricultural production. However, challenges include small land holdings, lack of infrastructure, technology knowledge and organic resources in India.
Ethnobotany: Definition, Development, Impact on traditional medicines & herba...VarshaSrivastav
Ethnobotany is the study of relationships between people and plants. It examines how human cultures interact with and use indigenous plants. Ethnobotany has impacted traditional medicine by informing the evaluation and discovery of herbal drugs. Proper harvesting, processing, and storage of plants as described by ethnobotanical knowledge helps ensure conservation and safe preparation of medicinal plants. Skills in botany, anthropology, and linguistics are required to understand a culture's plant perceptions and terminology. Examples of important drugs derived from ethnobotanical approaches include artemisinin, codeine, and tetrahydrocannabinol.
Medicinal plants importance,scope and uses.ShekhAlisha
A considerable number of definitions have been proposed for the term 'medicinal plant'. According
to the World Health Organization, "a medicinal plant is any plant which, in one or more of its
organs/parts, contains substances that can be used for therapeutic purposes, or which are precursors for
chemo-pharmaceutical semi synthesis"
Processing and value addition of medicinal and herbal cropsRamabhau Patil
Madhya Pradesh is a major producer of medicinal and herbal crops in India, cultivating over 40% of the country's supply. The state has potential to become a processing hub through establishing facilities and technologies for extraction, drying, size reduction, and producing value-added products from crops. Key recommendations include developing appropriate processing technologies adaptable to rural areas, strengthening R&D institutes with pilot plants, and establishing agro processing centers with custom processing facilities to improve post-harvest handling and increase incomes for tribal collectors.
Quality control parameters for medicinal plantsShah Ummar
Content of Presentation
Global Market: Share
Indian Medicinal Plant Sector Profile
Area and production of Medicinal and Aromatic plants in India
Why Quality Control?
What is Quality control?
Factors contributing to variation in the content and composition of raw materials.
Quality Control Parameters for Medicinal Plant Materials
Limits of Microbial Contamination : (WHO,2006)
Parameters involved in the Quality Evaluation of Herbal Drugs
The Cost of Poor Quality
Standards for Medicinal plants
Quality control Standards
Quality Demands from Global Markets
Genesis of GAP & GFCP
Criteria for Good Agricultural Practices
Criteria for Good Field Collection Practice
Certification process: At a Glance
Voluntary Certification Scheme for Medicinal Plant Produce (VCSMPP)
Conclusion
This document discusses non-timber forest products (NTFPs) and their value addition in rural livelihoods. It covers NTFP classification, trade in Southeast Asia, supply chains, processing techniques for honey, lac, amla, tendu leaves, sal leaves, and others. Value addition through products like honey processing, lac sheets, amla murabba helps stabilize incomes and provides opportunities. However, issues include exploitation by traders, lack of market information and government support, and environmental impacts if not sustainably harvested. The document suggests promoting sustainability, empowering communities, and ensuring benefits are shared.
This presentation describes several medicinal plants commonly found in Pakistan. It provides the scientific name, classification, parts used, and medicinal uses of 14 plants: Papaver somniferum, Cassia fistula, Trigonella foenum-graceum, Carica papaya, Citrullus colocynthis, Azadirachta indica, Cucurma longa, Allium sativum, Aloe vera, Ricinus communis, Cymbopogon citratus, Foeniculum vulgare, Cannabis sativa, and Zingiber officinale. Some key uses included treatment of pain, inflammation, fever, infections, and diseases like diabetes. The presenter
India has over 17,000 plant species used in traditional medicine systems. State Medicinal Plant Boards were established to coordinate policies around medicinal plants between central and state governments. The boards promote cultivation, conservation, industry support, research, and advise governments on matters like assessment, schemes, and intellectual property. They work to develop medicinal plants by coordinating across ministries and advising on related issues.
AGRN 725: Agronomy of Medicinal, Aromatic and Under-utilized CropsSuman Dey
This document discusses the distribution, classification, and conservation of medicinal and aromatic plants in India. It provides details on the distribution of 131 species based on altitude zones and plant parts used. MAPs are classified based on habit, family, and habitat. Important conservation practices adopted in India include legislation, in-situ conservation through protected areas like biosphere reserves and sacred groves, and ex-situ conservation methods like field gene banks, seed banks, and cryopreservation.
This document discusses Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) for medicinal plants. It outlines that food safety is important from health and trade perspectives, and hazards can occur at all stages of food production. Implementing GAP during farm production and post-production is important to ensure a safe food supply. The document then provides definitions and guidelines related to GAP for medicinal plants, including cultivating and collecting practices, and ensuring quality and safety of medicinal plant materials.
POST-HARVEST MANAGEMENT OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTSSubham Dwivedi
This document discusses the post-harvest management of medicinal and aromatic plants. It describes that post-harvest management includes cleaning, sorting, packaging, storage, transportation and distribution of harvested crops. It provides technical details of harvesting, drying, packing, storage, transportation and the equipment used. It emphasizes the importance of hygiene, cleaning, sorting and grading of harvested materials and stresses the need for training of personnel involved in post-harvest activities.
Contribution of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) on Rural Food Security.Shah Ummar
This document summarizes a student's seminar on the contribution of non-timber forest products to rural food security. It begins with definitions of NTFPs and discusses their classification. It also covers how NTFPs contribute to food security, rural livelihoods, and nutrition. Case studies from India and Laos show how local communities rely on wild edible plants and other NTFPs for household food consumption and income. The document concludes that NTFPs make a significant direct and indirect contribution to rural food security and livelihoods.
This document discusses underutilized vegetable crops and their potential. It begins by explaining that while over 75,000 edible plant species exist globally, only around 150 are widely cultivated. It then discusses the nutritional value of various vegetables and common nutrient deficiencies. The concept of underutilized vegetable crops (UUVCs) is introduced as crops that are locally important but lack national recognition. UUVCs have potential for food security, income generation, and environmental benefits. Some constraints to their development include lack of awareness, research, and marketing support. The document concludes by listing examples of UUVCs from Central India along with their uses.
This document discusses the value of home gardens to small farmers in Nepal. It defines home gardens as multi-species, multi-storied gardens near homes that provide a variety of goods for household consumption. Approximately 72% of Nepalese households have home gardens that contribute significantly to food security, nutrition, income and the conservation of agricultural biodiversity. Home gardens contain a wide diversity of plant species that provide food, fodder, fuel, medicines and other goods essential for livelihoods and cultural traditions. They serve as a safety net during times of food scarcity and are an important site for experimenting with and preserving agricultural biodiversity in Nepal.
Organic farming is a production system that avoids synthetic inputs such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides. It relies on ecological processes, biodiversity, and practices adapted to local conditions. Organic farming combines tradition, innovation, and science to benefit the environment and promote fair relationships. The key methods of organic farming include crop rotation, green manures, compost, biological pest control, and mechanical cultivation. Organic farming can improve soil quality, biodiversity, and weed management compared to conventional farming.
Plant genetic resources their utilization and conservation in crop improvementNaveen Kumar
This document discusses plant genetic resources. It defines plant genetic resources as the genetic material in crop plants and their wild relatives. It notes that plant genetic resources include landraces, obsolete and modern cultivars, advanced breeding lines, wild relatives, and induced mutants. The document outlines the various components that make up plant genetic resources and strategies for conserving genetic resources both in and ex situ.
( Talking about Herbicides )
History
Prior to the widespread use of chemical herbicides, cultural controls, such as altering soil pH, salinity, or fertility levels, were used to control weeds. Mechanical control (including tillage) was also (and still is) used to control weeds.
The document summarizes the pharmacognostic and phytochemical evaluation of the leaf and stem of Euphorbia hirta. Macroscopic and microscopic analysis revealed characteristic features of the leaf such as elliptic or oblong shape, faintly toothed margins, and presence of anomocytic stomata. Microscopic analysis of the stem showed small epidermal cells with papillate outer walls and vascular tissue comprising xylem and phloem. Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of steroids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, proteins, alkaloids and saponins. The results provide standardized information that can help in the identification and quality control of E. hirta materials.
The document discusses establishing a herbal industry in Nepal utilizing Eastern medicinal plants. It summarizes a study that surveyed traditional medicinal plants in Eastern Nepal and analyzed some samples for antioxidant properties. Three plants - Pakhanbed (Berginia ciliata), Laliguras (Rhododendron arboreum), and Asuro (Adhatoda vasica) - showed promising results and prospects for industrial applications. The study recommends promoting cultivation of these plants and establishing processing industries in Nepal to help develop the herbal industry.
The document summarizes a seminar on the database of medicinal plants created by the Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS). The database contains information on 260 medicinal plants described across 8 volumes. Each volume contains detailed information on 30-40 plants, including botanical details, pharmacological activities, uses, and chemical constituents. The database was created to make this information easily accessible and help avoid repetition in research. It benefits scientists, academics, and industries by facilitating further research planning and collaboration.
This document is a field attachment report submitted by Kwezi Mwaka Julius to the Department of Chemistry at Makerere University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Science degree in Industrial Chemistry. The report summarizes Julius' activities during a field attachment at the Natural Chemotherapeutics Research Institute (NCRI) from June 10th to August 15th 2014. The report includes an overview of NCRI and describes Julius' work in the botany, chemistry, and pharmacology departments, including plant collection, extraction techniques, spectroscopic analysis of herbal extracts, and laboratory animal handling.
Study on 10 Medicinal Plants in Sundarban Region, West Bengal, IndiaBRNSS Publication Hub
Modern approaches of ethnobotanical studies on various medicinal plants in Sundarban region are to
create awareness among the locality along with all over India. The aim of the studies of medicinal plants
will focus the cause and the help of treatment diseases. The investigation deals about 10 medicinal plants
which are used by local people throughout the Sundarban region. Ethnomedicinal plants information were
taken by the interview of ojha and local old villagers throughout the study period. In various villages of
this region, it is found that ethnobotanical medicinal plants are used to treat common problems (such as
injuries, stomachache, abdominal disorder, and skin problem). By the field visits and knowledge gather
from the villagers, the study is done to motivate further research on medicinal plants which may lead to
discovery of novel drugs in the fields of research and development study.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Sabah Traditional Chinese Medicine DatabasejournalBEEI
This document summarizes the development of a database for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in Sabah, Malaysia. The project aimed to identify valid TCM information in Sabah, develop a database of Sabah TCM, and evaluate the usability of the designed database. A mixed methods approach was used, including collecting data from various sources and validating it with experts. The 4D appreciative inquiry model guided the methodology, with phases for discovery, dream, design, and destiny. Data collection involved gathering TCM information from online references and printed materials. The results included integrated TCM data and a multilingual user interface in the database, as well as a forum. The database usability was then evaluated using a standardized questionnaire.
A Bibliometric Study Of Indian Medicinal Plant Research An Analysis Of Quali...Daphne Smith
This document summarizes a bibliometric study of research on medicinal plants in India from 1977 to 2020. Some key findings include:
- The year 2020 had the highest number of research papers published (376 papers).
- The journal Journal of Ethnopharmacology most frequently published research in this area (125 papers).
- The study analyzed metrics like author keywords, authorship trends, influential organizations and funding agencies, and country collaborations.
- Over 3900 quality research papers were analyzed from the Web of Science database to conduct the bibliometric analysis.
GC-MS Analysis of Bio-Active Compounds in Aqueous Extract of Boerhaavia Diffu...ijtsrd
Medicinal plants have had a crucial role in human culture and civilization. The present study deals with the Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy analysis of Boerhaavia diffusa, Euphorbia hirta and Amaranthus polygonoides, which have various medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to investigate and characterize the chemical composition of the different crude aqueous extracts of these plant samples using PerkinElmer Gas Chromatography'Mass Spectrometry. Our results show that the compounds in the extract revealed by GC MS were the same as recorded in the National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST library. The identity and quantity of the measured active compounds was correlated with the expected therapeutic effects. The content of active principles was determined. The quantity of the active principles in the plants was also determined. R. Ezhilarasi | Dr. B. Senthilkumar | Dr. K. Devi "GC-MS Analysis of Bio-Active Compounds in Aqueous Extract of Boerhaavia Diffusa, Euphorbia Hirta and Amaranthus Polygonoides" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29436.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/zoology/29436/gc-ms-analysis-of-bio-active-compounds-in-aqueous-extract-of-boerhaavia-diffusa-euphorbia-hirta-and-amaranthus-polygonoides/r-ezhilarasi
Study on Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) and Trade in Traditional Medicin...Kamal Perera
Presented on Symposium at 22nd International conference of College of Medical Administrators of Sri Lanka, 13th March 2015
(Based on WHO/SEARO-Project Report of Study on Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) and Trade in Traditional Medicines (TM) in Sri Lanka)
The HortFlora Research Spectrum (HRS), is an international-peer reviewed, open access journal that serves as a forum for the exchange and dissemination of R & D advances and innovations in all facets of Horticultural Sciences (Pomology, Olericulture, Floriculture, Post Harvest Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Medicinal & Aromatic Plants etc.) and its allied branches on an international level. HRS is officially published quarterly (March, June, September and December) every year, in English (print & online version), under the keen auspices of Biosciences & Agriculture Advancement Society (BAAS), Meerut (India)
Aims & Scope
The journal HortFlora Research Spectrum (HRS) having International Impact (NAAS Rating: 3.78; ICV: 63.40, PIF: 4.079; GIF: 0.471; IBI Factor: 2.8; NJIF: 2.14; GSCIF: 0.364; OAJI Impact Factor: 0.201; Indexed in Indian Citation Index (ICI) since 2012), publishes high quality peer reviewed/refereed original research papers, review articles and research notes on all aspects of Horticultural plants' research including agronomic management, plant nutrition, biotechnology, crop improvement, plant protection, plant physiology, cell & molecular biology, medicinal & aromatic plants, food & nutrition science, agroforestry, environmental science, plant medicinal properties, ethno-phytomedicine, technology dissemination etc
This curriculum vitae outlines the experience and qualifications of Dr. Ikram Ur Rahman. He has over 24 years of experience working in public health, natural resource management, and community development projects. His roles have included project management, training, research, and consulting. He has extensive experience designing and delivering trainings, as well as writing reports and proposals. He holds degrees in pharmacy, zoology, botany, and homeopathic medicine. His work has focused on improving livelihoods through sustainable use and value addition of medicinal plants.
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Model of Proposal on bioprospecting of medicinal plants of Nepal
1. TITLE: BIOPROSPECTING OF HIGH VALUE MEDICINAL AND
AROMATIC PLANTS OF MAIDAN, ARGHAKHANCHI
Keywords: Bioprospecting, high value, medicinal and aromatic plants, Arghakhanchi
Principal Investigator: Dinesh Ghimire
Affiliation: IAAS, T.U., Paklihawa
Contact details:
9840016036
9805476000
Maidan, Arghakhanchi
facebook.com/dinesh.ghimire.104
dineshghimire01@gmail.com
Starts on: 22nd
Chaitra, 2073
Ends on: 31st
, 2074
Budget: Rs. 1,28,915/-
2. 1. INTRODUCTION
Bioprospecting can be defined as the systematic search for and
development of new sources of chemical compounds, genes, micro-organisms, macro-
organisms, and other valuable products from nature. It entails the search for economically
valuable genetic and biochemical resources from nature (WHO) whereas Medicinal and
Aromatic Plants(MAPs) are botanical raw materials, also known as herbal drugs, that
are primarily used for therapeutic, aromatic or culinary purposes as components of
cosmetics, medicinal products, health foods and other natural health products(ITC). Thus
in short bioprospecting of high valued MAPs refers to purposeful evaluation and
discovery of MAPs and their commercialization.
Medicinal plants are second most valuable bio-resources of Nepal after
water resources. The total number of medicinal and aromatic plants reported in Nepal
varies according to various authors. Most recently, Ghimire (2008) reported 1950 species
of medicinal plants in Nepal. Mostly, these species are harbored in various geo-climatic
region of Nepal. ‘The MAPs species richness increases with increasing the elevation up
to certain altitude range(generally 1000 masl in Nepal) and then decreases with further
increasing the altitude’(Bhattarai, khem R. , Ghimire, M., 2006).
In Nepal, most of such valuable plants(MAPs) grow in wild conditions as
natural components of vegetation of particular region. The necessary plant material
(roots, leaves, bark, etc) are collected and are either directly consumed by them or to
some extent sold by the local people to the traders, industries and exporters purchase
them from traders. Since there is no scientific system of collecting and regenerating these
plants, several such high value plants have either been completely lost or have become
endangered. Among such scenario, Arghakhanchi district is also a victim. So in this case,
handling of medicinal and aromatic biodiversity should involve an integrated approach
comprising of well documentation, their sustainable utilization and conservation. Thus,
this project of bioprospecting is supposed to overcome the above mentioned problems of
Maidan, Arghakhanchi.
2. PROBLEM STATEMENT
According to recent estimates by WHO, it is estimated that more than 3.5 billion
people of the world rely chiefly on traditional, largely herbal, medicine to meet their
primary health care needs(FAO).
But due to lack of exploration, documentation and commercialization of such
plants in Arghakhanchi district, most people are unaware about their allopathic as well as
economic importance. Till now, people are not interested in using such plant materials
because they can’t distinguish useful medicinal plants from toxic one. All these problems
has led me to carry on this project so that I can uproot the problem to some extent.
3. 3. RATIONALE OF STUDY
If this proposal is accepted and the project is carried on, I can assure you
following benefits:
Exploration and documentation of more number of MAPs
People can get medicine in cheaper form or even related medicinal plants can be
grown in home
Farmers can earn extra income by knowing the value of MAPs.
New drugs could be manufactured.
In short the main benefit after the completion of project can be clearly stated from a
proverb, “Tradition of yesterday and drug of future.”
4. OBJECTIVES
Broad objectives:
The main objective of this project is to explore, document and provide medicinal and
economic value to MAPs(bioprospecting) of Maidan, Arghakhanchi.
Specific objectives:
To accomplish above objectives following sub objectives are to be fulfilled:
Identification of MAPs in Maidan, Arghakhanchi.
Chemical screening i.e. finding chemical constituents of MAPs.
Isolation of active ingredients.
Marketing or commercialization of MAPs.
5. LITERATURE REVIEW
Among total floral wealth of Nepal, about 10 % of species are reported with
medicinal and aromatic properties. Various parts of these annuals, biennials and
perennial plants have been used as medicines, perfumes, and food(Bhattarai, khem
R. , Ghimire, M., 2006).
The compilation of Medicinal and Aromatic plant database of Nepal was published
in 2000 (Shrestha et al. 2000), which listed 1624 species of medicinal plants. Most
recently, Ghimire (2008) reported 1950 species of medicinal plants in
Nepal(Rawal, Deepa S., Sijapti,J., Rana, N.,Rana, P., Giri A., Shrestha, S., 2009).
Nepal is considered as one of the important countries for medicinal and aromatic
plants. In Nepal, 118 types of ecosystem are present along with 13 different types
of microclimate. 10091 species of flowering and non flowering species of plants
has been documented. Out of which 700 are of medicinal values where 238 types
are medically tested to find chemical content (medicinal and NTFP coordination
committee, 2005).
6. METHODOLOGY
A. Desk study: I have studied different reports, discussed with many personnel’s and
visited internet sites.
B. Site selection:
4. a. Place: The richnesss of biodiversity of MAPs reaches maximum at an altitude of
1000m(Bhattarai, khem R. , Ghimire, M., 2006). Thus considering richness in
biodiversity and accessibility, I have selected Maidan V.D.C. of Arghakhanchi
district, Nepal as a site for running this project.
b. Morphometry of site: Maidan, Arghakhanchi is situated at :
348.61 km south-west from Kathmandu.
48.94 km south-east from sandhikharka, Arghakhanchi.
27.8587˚ N, 83.2345˚ E and at an altitude of 1040 masl.
C. Data collection:
a. Type of data:
Primary data: It includes those data’s that are collected through field visit
and interview with local leaders or ‘mukhiyaas’ using the semi-structured
questionnaire.
Secondary data: It includes all those data’s collected from research paper,
journals and publications.
b. Methods of data collection: For obtaining necessary resources, following two
methods were adopted:
Primary data are collected as per the specific objectives. Few of them are through:
visit
baseline study
key informants interview i.e interview with local leaders, research scientist,
jhakris, baidhyas
Focal Group Discussion(FGD)
Phyto-chemical screening and isolation.
Series of seminars, campaign and pilot projects
Secondary data are collected through different internet sites, reports, journals, few
other related proposals and other publications too.
D. Data entry/analysis: Data will be entered in excel and will be analyzed through
SPSS.
7. EXPECTED OUTPUT
By the completion of this project, following output are expected to be achieved:
MAPs explored and documented.
Research paper published.
MAPs commercialized.
Local people awared of usefulness of MAPs.
5. 8. BENEFICIARIES
By this project, many people, agencies as well as whole nation will be benefited. The
level of beneficiaries can be grouped as:
a) Primary beneficiaries: It include local people including me.
b) Secondary beneficiaries: It includes local agencies, researchers and
research institutes.
c) Tertiary beneficiaries: Ultimately whole district and nation will be
benefited because of great chances of increasing employment opportunity
as well as exporting of MAPs.
9. LIMITATIONS
While running the project, following limitations may be faced:
i. Time bound
ii. Lack of representation
iii. Lack of cooperativeness from local leaders and officers.
10.WORK PLAN
Activities(C)
&Months(R)
April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar April
Desk Study and
proposal
writing
*
Site Selection *
Key personnel
interviewed
*
Sample
Collection
* *
Lab test * *
Data entry and
analysis
* *
Report
preparation
* *
Outreach * * *
Where C and R denotes among Column and Rows respectively
6. 11.FINANCIAL SUMMARY
Throughout the project, the financial requirement that may be needed for completion of project
can be summarized as:
Particulars Quantity(Q) Rate(Rs./Q) Total(Rs.)
Xerox 200 3 600
Stationary material( Pen,
Note book, Pencil)
- - 1,000
Labour charge
Men: 5
Days: 3
1000/men/day 15,000
Travel Allowance - 10,000 10,000
Lodging and Fooding - 500/men/day 7,500
Lab Test 18 Rs. 3000 per test 54,000
Report Preparation - - 4,000
Miscellaneous - - 20,000
Total - - 1,12,100
Overhead (10%) - - 11,210
Contingency (5%) - - 5,605
Grand Total - - 1,28,915
Thus, One lakh twenty-eight thousand nine hundred and fifteen rupees (Rs.1,28,915/-) is
supposed to be required for completing this project.
12.RISK AND ASSUMPTION
While carrying out a project, various uncertain events are likely to be observed. Such
uncertainty results in some risks of project. Some of them are:
i. Deficit budget
ii. Time bound
iii. Topographical restriction may result in transport problem.
iv. Interference by the local political leaders.
v. Lack of cooperativeness from local leaders and baidhyas.
While running this project, following assumptions can be made:
i. Cooperation from local people
ii. Adequate budget.
iii. No interference by local political leaders.
7. REFRENCES
Shrestha, Krishna K., Tiwari, Narendra N., Subedi, Suresh K., (2000)
MAPDON-Medicinal and aromatic plant database of Nepal [2017/04/05, 9;00
A.M.]
Rai, M.B.2003.Medicinalplants of tehrathum.
https://www.scribd.com/document/155599518/medicinal-plants-of-
nepal[2017/04/05, 8:30 P.M.]
Sharma, Uday R., 2007, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: A Growing
Commercial Sector of Nepal[2017/04/06, 7:00 P.M.]
Bhattarai, khem R. , Ghimire, M., (2006), www.nepjol.info/index.php/INI
Rawal, Rana B., Commercializaion of aromatic and medicinal plants in Nepal
(http://www.fao.org/docrep/x5336e/x5336e0j.htm ) [2017/04/04]
Bhattarai, khem R. , Ghimire, M., (2006),
http://www.nepjol.info/index.php/BANKO/article/view/357
Richard, F.(2008).www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pil[2017/04/06. 8:00
P.M.]
White, W,(2007).www.intracen.org/itc/sectors/medicinal-plants