Mitosis notes
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Mitosis is the process by which a body cell divides into two daughter cells that are identical to the original parent cell. It occurs in six steps: interphase where the cell grows and copies its DNA; prophase where the DNA condenses; metaphase where chromosomes line up; anaphase where chromosomes are pulled apart; telophase where new nuclei form; and cytokinesis where the cell splits into two identical daughter cells. Mitosis is necessary for body growth, repair, and maintenance.
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Meiosis
Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces gametes (eggs and sperm) with half the normal number of chromosomes. During meiosis in humans, the number of chromosomes is halved from 46 to 23. Meiosis involves two cell divisions and produces four haploid cells from one original diploid cell, increasing genetic variation between offspring.
Cell growth & cell division
Cell growth is the irreversible increase in cell size or mass until it reaches its maximum limit, at which point the cell will divide rather than continue growing. There are two main types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell, allowing for cell growth and replacement. Meiosis produces four haploid cells each with half the number of chromosomes, which occurs in the formation of gametes like eggs and sperm.
Meiosis Information
Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces gametes, or sex cells, with half the normal number of chromosomes. It involves two rounds of division instead of one, resulting in four haploid cells rather than two diploid cells. This ensures that offspring receive a random combination of chromosomes from each parent. The key events of meiosis include homologous chromosome pairing, crossing over, and two rounds of division to separate both sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes. Meiosis takes place in the gonads and produces either egg or sperm cells, which can then fuse during fertilization.
M.P mabaso
Homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material through crossing over during meiosis I. Meiosis I results in two haploid cells through separating the homologous chromosomes. These cells then undergo meiosis II, which separates the sister chromatids, resulting in four haploid cells or gametes. Fertilization occurs when a gamete from each parent fuse, restoring the diploid number. Meiosis ensures genetic variation in offspring through independent assortment and crossing over. Abnormal meiosis can result in conditions like Down syndrome.
Meiosis
Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces gametes, such as sperm and egg cells, with half the number of chromosomes as regular body cells. This allows offspring to have a full set of chromosomes from each parent. Meiosis involves two cell divisions after one round of DNA replication, resulting in four haploid cells from one original diploid cell. Genetic variation arises in meiosis through independent assortment of chromosomes and recombination during crossover. Nondisjunction is when chromosomes fail to separate properly, resulting in gametes with extra or missing chromosomes and genetic disorders like Down syndrome.
meiosis
This document summarizes the process of meiosis. It begins by explaining that meiosis produces haploid gametes from diploid body cells to allow for sexual reproduction. It then describes the key phases and events of meiosis I and meiosis II, including homologous chromosome pairing, crossing over, and independent assortment. This genetic recombination during meiosis provides variation in offspring. The document concludes by discussing how nondisjunction can occasionally occur, resulting in gametes with an extra or missing chromosome and leading to conditions like Down syndrome.
Genetics Notes
1. Somatic cells make up the body and undergo mitosis, while gamete cells (sperm and egg) undergo meiosis and are haploid.
2. Chromosomes contain DNA and come in pairs, with one chromosome from each parent. Autosomes are non-sex chromosomes 1-22, while sex chromosomes are X and Y and determine gender.
3. Asexual reproduction involves one parent and produces genetically identical offspring through mitosis, while sexual reproduction combines gametes through fertilization producing offspring with a mix of parental genes.
Mitosis meiosis powerpoint.ppsx
This document discusses key terms related to cell division: mitosis, meiosis, chromosomes, chromatids, homologous chromosomes, cell cycle, cancer, haploid vs diploid, somatic vs germ cells. It provides an overview of the cell cycle and cell division processes of mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is for cell division in somatic cells, while meiosis is for cell division in germ cells to produce gametes like eggs and sperm. The document contains diagrams of mitosis, meiosis, karyotypes and the stages of cell division.
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Meiosis
Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces gametes (eggs and sperm) with half the normal number of chromosomes. During meiosis in humans, the number of chromosomes is halved from 46 to 23. Meiosis involves two cell divisions and produces four haploid cells from one original diploid cell, increasing genetic variation between offspring.
Cell growth & cell division
Cell growth is the irreversible increase in cell size or mass until it reaches its maximum limit, at which point the cell will divide rather than continue growing. There are two main types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell, allowing for cell growth and replacement. Meiosis produces four haploid cells each with half the number of chromosomes, which occurs in the formation of gametes like eggs and sperm.
Meiosis Information
Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces gametes, or sex cells, with half the normal number of chromosomes. It involves two rounds of division instead of one, resulting in four haploid cells rather than two diploid cells. This ensures that offspring receive a random combination of chromosomes from each parent. The key events of meiosis include homologous chromosome pairing, crossing over, and two rounds of division to separate both sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes. Meiosis takes place in the gonads and produces either egg or sperm cells, which can then fuse during fertilization.
M.P mabaso
Homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material through crossing over during meiosis I. Meiosis I results in two haploid cells through separating the homologous chromosomes. These cells then undergo meiosis II, which separates the sister chromatids, resulting in four haploid cells or gametes. Fertilization occurs when a gamete from each parent fuse, restoring the diploid number. Meiosis ensures genetic variation in offspring through independent assortment and crossing over. Abnormal meiosis can result in conditions like Down syndrome.
Meiosis
Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces gametes, such as sperm and egg cells, with half the number of chromosomes as regular body cells. This allows offspring to have a full set of chromosomes from each parent. Meiosis involves two cell divisions after one round of DNA replication, resulting in four haploid cells from one original diploid cell. Genetic variation arises in meiosis through independent assortment of chromosomes and recombination during crossover. Nondisjunction is when chromosomes fail to separate properly, resulting in gametes with extra or missing chromosomes and genetic disorders like Down syndrome.
meiosis
This document summarizes the process of meiosis. It begins by explaining that meiosis produces haploid gametes from diploid body cells to allow for sexual reproduction. It then describes the key phases and events of meiosis I and meiosis II, including homologous chromosome pairing, crossing over, and independent assortment. This genetic recombination during meiosis provides variation in offspring. The document concludes by discussing how nondisjunction can occasionally occur, resulting in gametes with an extra or missing chromosome and leading to conditions like Down syndrome.
Genetics Notes
1. Somatic cells make up the body and undergo mitosis, while gamete cells (sperm and egg) undergo meiosis and are haploid.
2. Chromosomes contain DNA and come in pairs, with one chromosome from each parent. Autosomes are non-sex chromosomes 1-22, while sex chromosomes are X and Y and determine gender.
3. Asexual reproduction involves one parent and produces genetically identical offspring through mitosis, while sexual reproduction combines gametes through fertilization producing offspring with a mix of parental genes.
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This document discusses key terms related to cell division: mitosis, meiosis, chromosomes, chromatids, homologous chromosomes, cell cycle, cancer, haploid vs diploid, somatic vs germ cells. It provides an overview of the cell cycle and cell division processes of mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is for cell division in somatic cells, while meiosis is for cell division in germ cells to produce gametes like eggs and sperm. The document contains diagrams of mitosis, meiosis, karyotypes and the stages of cell division.
Cell division
Cell division occurs through binary fission in prokaryotes, where the genetic material duplicates and the cell splits into two identical daughter cells. Eukaryotes undergo the more complex processes of mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells during normal cell growth and replacement. Meiosis results in four haploid cells through two cell divisions, reducing the chromosome number by half and allowing for genetic variation in sexual reproduction.
Mitosis vs. meiosis
This document provides information about meiosis and compares it to mitosis. It begins by defining the cell cycle stages of interphase and M-phase. It then explains that meiosis produces 4 haploid cells through 2 nuclear divisions, while mitosis produces 2 diploid cells through 1 nuclear division. The key differences between meiosis and mitosis are summarized in a table. The document thoroughly explains the stages of meiosis I and meiosis II and provides examples of meiosis in human oogenesis and spermatogenesis. It concludes by stating that meiosis is essential for sexual reproduction and genetic variability.
G7 Ch4.1 - Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis
This document summarizes sexual reproduction and meiosis. It explains that meiosis is a type of cell division that produces sex cells like sperm and eggs, each with half the normal number of chromosomes. During meiosis, a diploid cell undergoes two cell divisions to produce four haploid cells. Fertilization then occurs when a sperm and egg fuse, restoring the full chromosome number and beginning the development of a new organism. The document also describes how chromosomes are inherited through homologous pairs from each parent and the stages of meiosis.
Mitosiscellcycle2012
Cells need to divide for both unicellular and multicellular organisms. Unicellular organisms like bacteria divide through binary fission to reproduce, while multicellular organisms use cell division to grow, repair damaged cells, and regenerate tissues. There are three main types of cell division: binary fission in prokaryotes, mitosis in eukaryotes which duplicates the cell's DNA and divides the nucleus and cytoplasm, and meiosis which forms sex cells like eggs and sperm. The cell cycle is the series of events that takes a cell from its formation from another cell until its own division into two new daughter cells. It involves an interphase of growth, DNA replication, and cell preparation followed by mitosis
Prof slides
Genetics is the study of how traits are inherited through genes. In humans, somatic cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes, including 22 pairs of autosomes that are identical in both parents, as well as 1 pair of sex chromosomes. Homologous chromosomes are arranged in pairs and contain different versions of the same genes at corresponding loci from each parent. Meiosis is the process by which germ cells are produced, containing half the number of chromosomes. It involves two cell divisions that result in four haploid cells each with a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
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Human cells contain either 46 chromosomes (somatic cells) or 23 chromosomes (gamete cells). Somatic cells are formed through mitosis and contain homologous chromosome pairs, while gamete cells are formed through meiosis which reduces the number of chromosomes by half. Meiosis involves the production of haploid gametes through nuclear division from a parent cell containing 46 chromosomes.
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1st science 5 cellular reproduction of sex cells
Germ cells in the ovaries and testes initially reproduce through mitosis. In the ovaries, germ cells undergo meiosis I and II to produce four haploid egg cells. In the testes, germ cells divide through mitosis to produce sperm cells, which are also haploid. The formation of haploid egg and sperm cells through meiosis in the ovaries and testes respectively is essential for sexual reproduction and fertilization.
Meiosis
This document discusses cell division and meiosis. It explains that DNA contains genetic instructions organized into chromosomes, which are made up of genes that determine traits. Asexual reproduction involves mitosis where a cell divides into identical copies. Sexual reproduction requires the combination of male sperm and female eggs through meiosis, which produces cells with half the genetic information that combine to form offspring.
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Mitosis is a cell division that occurs in body cells.
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Meiosis and reproduction
Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces haploid gametes from a diploid cell for sexual reproduction. It involves two divisions and results in four haploid cells. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair and may exchange genetic material through crossing over, and then separate, reducing the chromosome number. This and the independent assortment of chromosomes during gamete formation introduces genetic variation that is important for evolution.
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1. Limits to cell size and the importance of surface area to volume ratio. Cells divide through mitosis and cytokinesis to grow and repair tissues.
2. The stages of the cell cycle including interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows and duplicates its DNA. Mitosis divides the nucleus, while cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm.
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Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces haploid gametes from diploid cells. It has two stages, meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes, resulting in two haploid daughter cells. Meiosis II then separates sister chromatids, resulting in four haploid cells that can fuse during fertilization to form a diploid zygote. Crossing over and independent assortment during meiosis increase genetic variation between gametes.
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3. The summary describes the stages of mitosis and meiosis, including how chromosomes replicate and are divided between daughter cells through cytokinesis.
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The document summarizes the process of sexual reproduction through meiosis. It explains that meiosis involves two cell divisions that reduce the number of chromosomes from diploid to haploid. This allows for the formation of gametes with half the normal number of chromosomes. When gametes fuse during fertilization, the resulting zygote is diploid again. Meiosis leads to genetic variation through processes like independent assortment of homologous chromosomes and crossing over.
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The document discusses the cell cycle and cell reproduction. It describes the main stages as interphase, where the cell grows and prepares for division, and the M phase where the nucleus and cell divide. Interphase includes the G1, S, and G2 phases where the cell makes proteins, organelles and replicates DNA. The M phase consists of mitosis, where the nucleus divides, and cytokinesis, where the cell splits into two. Mitosis is further broken down into the prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase stages where the chromosomes align and separate. Cytokinesis differs in animal and plant cells in how the cell membrane pinches or a cell plate forms to divide the cell. The result of
Chromosomes & intro to meiosis 6.1
Meiosis reduces the number of chromosomes in cells from 46 to 23 so that when an egg and sperm fuse during fertilization, the normal number of 46 chromosomes is restored in the resulting zygote. Body cells have 46 chromosomes that come in 23 pairs, while gametes like eggs and sperm only have 23 single chromosomes so that when they join, the child's cells have 46 chromosomes again.
Cell reproduction
The document discusses mitosis and meiosis. It defines mitosis as a type of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells. It describes the four phases of mitosis - interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. Meiosis is defined as a type of cell division that produces four sex cells or gametes with half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. The two divisions of meiosis are meiosis I and meiosis II.
Meiosis
Meiosis is a cell division process that produces gametes (sex cells) with half the normal number of chromosomes. It occurs in two stages, Meiosis I and Meiosis II. In Meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair up and crossover can occur, then the homologous chromosomes separate. This reduces the chromosome number from diploid to haploid. Meiosis II then separates the sister chromatids, without further reducing chromosome number, producing four haploid gametes. Fertilization restores the diploid number when a sperm and egg fuse.
Mitosis notes
Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two daughter cells identical to the original parent cell. It occurs in five steps: interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase/cytokinesis. Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled cell division, where cells divide constantly to form tumors that disrupt other organs. This uncontrolled growth is caused by mutations in genes that normally prevent excessive cell division.
Cell cycle and cell division
Cell division occurs through either mitosis or meiosis. Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells during somatic cell division. It has four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. Meiosis produces gametes through two cell divisions that result in four haploid cells each with one copy of each chromosome. Meiosis has two rounds: meiosis I which separates homologous chromosomes, and meiosis II which separates sister chromatids. Both ensure genetic variation between offspring.
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Cell division occurs through binary fission in prokaryotes, where the genetic material duplicates and the cell splits into two identical daughter cells. Eukaryotes undergo the more complex processes of mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells during normal cell growth and replacement. Meiosis results in four haploid cells through two cell divisions, reducing the chromosome number by half and allowing for genetic variation in sexual reproduction.
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This document provides information about meiosis and compares it to mitosis. It begins by defining the cell cycle stages of interphase and M-phase. It then explains that meiosis produces 4 haploid cells through 2 nuclear divisions, while mitosis produces 2 diploid cells through 1 nuclear division. The key differences between meiosis and mitosis are summarized in a table. The document thoroughly explains the stages of meiosis I and meiosis II and provides examples of meiosis in human oogenesis and spermatogenesis. It concludes by stating that meiosis is essential for sexual reproduction and genetic variability.
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This document summarizes sexual reproduction and meiosis. It explains that meiosis is a type of cell division that produces sex cells like sperm and eggs, each with half the normal number of chromosomes. During meiosis, a diploid cell undergoes two cell divisions to produce four haploid cells. Fertilization then occurs when a sperm and egg fuse, restoring the full chromosome number and beginning the development of a new organism. The document also describes how chromosomes are inherited through homologous pairs from each parent and the stages of meiosis.
Mitosiscellcycle2012
Cells need to divide for both unicellular and multicellular organisms. Unicellular organisms like bacteria divide through binary fission to reproduce, while multicellular organisms use cell division to grow, repair damaged cells, and regenerate tissues. There are three main types of cell division: binary fission in prokaryotes, mitosis in eukaryotes which duplicates the cell's DNA and divides the nucleus and cytoplasm, and meiosis which forms sex cells like eggs and sperm. The cell cycle is the series of events that takes a cell from its formation from another cell until its own division into two new daughter cells. It involves an interphase of growth, DNA replication, and cell preparation followed by mitosis
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Genetics is the study of how traits are inherited through genes. In humans, somatic cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes, including 22 pairs of autosomes that are identical in both parents, as well as 1 pair of sex chromosomes. Homologous chromosomes are arranged in pairs and contain different versions of the same genes at corresponding loci from each parent. Meiosis is the process by which germ cells are produced, containing half the number of chromosomes. It involves two cell divisions that result in four haploid cells each with a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
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The document summarizes the process of meiosis. Meiosis produces haploid gametes through two nuclear divisions, resulting in four genetically distinct daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes. This ensures genetic variation and maintains the diploid number of chromosomes from one generation to the next. The stages of meiosis I and meiosis II are described, including how homologous chromosomes separate and sister chromatids are distributed into four daughter cells.
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Human cells contain either 46 chromosomes (somatic cells) or 23 chromosomes (gamete cells). Somatic cells are formed through mitosis and contain homologous chromosome pairs, while gamete cells are formed through meiosis which reduces the number of chromosomes by half. Meiosis involves the production of haploid gametes through nuclear division from a parent cell containing 46 chromosomes.
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1st science 5 cellular reproduction of sex cells
Germ cells in the ovaries and testes initially reproduce through mitosis. In the ovaries, germ cells undergo meiosis I and II to produce four haploid egg cells. In the testes, germ cells divide through mitosis to produce sperm cells, which are also haploid. The formation of haploid egg and sperm cells through meiosis in the ovaries and testes respectively is essential for sexual reproduction and fertilization.
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This document discusses cell division and meiosis. It explains that DNA contains genetic instructions organized into chromosomes, which are made up of genes that determine traits. Asexual reproduction involves mitosis where a cell divides into identical copies. Sexual reproduction requires the combination of male sperm and female eggs through meiosis, which produces cells with half the genetic information that combine to form offspring.
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It has four stages namely: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase.
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Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces haploid gametes from a diploid cell for sexual reproduction. It involves two divisions and results in four haploid cells. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair and may exchange genetic material through crossing over, and then separate, reducing the chromosome number. This and the independent assortment of chromosomes during gamete formation introduces genetic variation that is important for evolution.
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1. Limits to cell size and the importance of surface area to volume ratio. Cells divide through mitosis and cytokinesis to grow and repair tissues.
2. The stages of the cell cycle including interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows and duplicates its DNA. Mitosis divides the nucleus, while cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm.
3. Factors that regulate the cell cycle, such as cyclins, and how cancer cells evade these controls to divide uncontrollably.
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2. It explains that mitosis produces somatic cells while meiosis produces gametes through processes that reduce the chromosome number and allow for genetic variation.
3. The summary describes the stages of mitosis and meiosis, including how chromosomes replicate and are divided between daughter cells through cytokinesis.
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The document summarizes the process of sexual reproduction through meiosis. It explains that meiosis involves two cell divisions that reduce the number of chromosomes from diploid to haploid. This allows for the formation of gametes with half the normal number of chromosomes. When gametes fuse during fertilization, the resulting zygote is diploid again. Meiosis leads to genetic variation through processes like independent assortment of homologous chromosomes and crossing over.
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The document discusses mitosis and meiosis. It defines mitosis as a type of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells. It describes the four phases of mitosis - interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. Meiosis is defined as a type of cell division that produces four sex cells or gametes with half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. The two divisions of meiosis are meiosis I and meiosis II.
Meiosis
Meiosis is a cell division process that produces gametes (sex cells) with half the normal number of chromosomes. It occurs in two stages, Meiosis I and Meiosis II. In Meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair up and crossover can occur, then the homologous chromosomes separate. This reduces the chromosome number from diploid to haploid. Meiosis II then separates the sister chromatids, without further reducing chromosome number, producing four haploid gametes. Fertilization restores the diploid number when a sperm and egg fuse.
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Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two daughter cells identical to the original parent cell. It occurs in five steps: interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase/cytokinesis. Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled cell division, where cells divide constantly to form tumors that disrupt other organs. This uncontrolled growth is caused by mutations in genes that normally prevent excessive cell division.
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Mitosis is the process by which a cell divides into two identical daughter cells. It occurs in five stages: interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Mitosis is important as it replaces damaged or dead cells, allows growth and development, and ensures genetic identicalness between parent and daughter cells. The presentation defines mitosis and its significance before explaining the key events that occur during each stage of the cell division process.
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Chromosomes contain DNA and proteins. During cell division, the DNA is copied and organized into chromosomes. Mitosis produces identical daughter cells while meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half to produce gametes. Meiosis involves two cell divisions, resulting in four haploid cells. Genetic recombination occurs during meiosis, increasing genetic variation in offspring.
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The cell cycle is the series of growth and division steps that cells undergo. It includes interphase, where the cell grows and duplicates its DNA, and mitosis, where the cell separates its DNA and divides into two daughter cells. Interphase consists of G1 phase, S phase where DNA replicates, and G2 phase. Mitosis then occurs in four phases - prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase - where the duplicated chromosomes separate and the cell divides. Cytokinesis then divides the cytoplasm, forming two new identical daughter cells to complete the cell cycle.
Cell_Division_Mitosis_Meiosis_ppt.pptx
Here are the key points about meiosis:
1. Mitosis produces genetically identical diploid body cells.
2. Meiosis produces genetically unique haploid gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the number of chromosomes as body cells.
3. Humans have 23 chromosomes in their haploid gametes.
4. Meiosis involves two cell divisions (Meiosis I and Meiosis II) which results in four haploid cells from one original diploid cell.
5. Chromosomes are replicated once before meiosis, not between the two meiotic divisions.
6. Cells become genetically different during meiosis due to independent assortment of homologous chromosomes and crossing over.
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Here are the key points about meiosis:
1. Mitosis produces genetically identical diploid body cells.
2. Meiosis produces genetically unique haploid gametes (sperm and egg cells) with half the number of chromosomes as body cells.
3. Humans have 23 chromosomes in their haploid gametes.
4. Meiosis involves two cell divisions (Meiosis I and Meiosis II) which results in four haploid daughter cells from one original diploid cell.
5. Chromosomes are replicated once before meiosis, not between the two meiotic divisions.
6. Cells become genetically different during meiosis due to independent assortment of homologous chromosomes and crossing over.
CELL DIVISION.pptx
This document discusses cell division through the processes of mitosis and meiosis. It begins by explaining the basic phases and purpose of mitosis, which is cell division that produces two identical daughter cells and is important for growth and repair. It then covers the phases of interphase and mitosis in more detail. The document next discusses why cell division is necessary, as cells need to divide in order to continue functioning as they grow larger. Finally, it explains meiosis, the type of cell division that produces gametes with half the normal number of chromosomes to ensure genetic diversity between parents while maintaining genetic integrity of offspring.
5 10 cell division and cell cycle ppt
This document provides an overview of cell division through mitosis and meiosis. It explains that all living things are made of cells, and cells must divide for organisms to grow and replace old cells. The cell cycle is described, including the main stages of interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. Interphase consists of G1, S, and G2 phases where the cell grows and duplicates its DNA. During mitosis, duplicated chromosomes separate and the cell divides into two daughter cells. Meiosis produces gametes through two cell divisions, resulting in four haploid cells each with half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. Crossing over in meiosis contributes to genetic variation between cells.
Cell division-mitosis-meiosis-1225581257073362-9
This document discusses cell division through the processes of mitosis and meiosis. It begins by explaining the basic phases and purpose of mitosis in regular body cells: interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis. Cells undergo mitosis to grow and multiply while maintaining an identical set of chromosomes. The document then covers meiosis, which occurs in gamete cells and involves two cell divisions to reduce the chromosome count, ensuring genetic diversity between offspring while maintaining the species' overall chromosome number. In summary, mitosis and meiosis are the two types of cell division that allow organisms to grow, repair tissues, and sexually reproduce.
Mitosis cell division
Mitosis is a process of cell division that produces two daughter cells with identical chromosomes and DNA. It involves four main phases - prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. During interphase, the cell grows and duplicates its DNA in preparation for division. Mitosis then begins with prophase where the chromosomes condense and spindle fibers form. In metaphase, chromosomes align at the center. In anaphase, chromosomes separate and move to opposite sides. Finally in telophase, the nuclear envelope reforms and cytokinesis completes the division of cytoplasm. Mitosis plays an important role in growth, cell replacement and regeneration.
Cell division-mitosis-meiosis
This document discusses cell division through the processes of mitosis and meiosis. It begins by explaining the basic phases and purpose of mitosis in regular body cells, which is to keep cells living and growing. It then goes into more detail about the specific phases of mitosis - interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis. The document also discusses why cells divide, noting that there is a size limit after which cells must divide to continue taking in nutrients and removing waste. Finally, it covers meiosis and how this process in gamete cells maintains a chromosome count of 46 in offspring while also ensuring genetic diversity between parents and children.
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Mitosis notes
- 1. Mitosis Notes (pg 4)
- 2. Mitosis Notes • Mitosis: a body cell divides to form two “daughter cells,” each identical to the parent cell
- 3. Mitosis Notes • Mitosis: a body cell divides to form two “daughter cells,” each identical to the parent cell • Necessary for body growth, repair, and maintenance
- 4. Mitosis Notes • Mitosis: a body cell divides to form two “daughter cells,” each identical to the parent cell • Necessary for body growth, repair, and maintenance • Takes place in 6 steps
- 5. 1. Interphase Period between cell divisions. Consists of G1, S, and G2 phases. Cells spend most of their time in interphase. Cell grows, metabolizes, and makes a copy of its DNA. The DNA is in long slender strands (chromatin).
- 6. 2. Prophase DNA condenses into chromosomes, spindle fibers form, nuclear membrane disappears
- 7. 3. Metaphase Chromosomes line up along the center of the cell. Spindle fibers attach to each chromosome.
- 8. 4. Anaphase Spindle fibers shorten, pulling half the chromosomes toward one side of the cell and half toward the other
- 9. 5. Telophase New nuclear membrane forms, spindle fibers disappear, chromosomes start to uncoil
- 10. 6. Cytokinesis • Splits the cell in two • In animals, the cell membrane is drawn inward until it pinches the cell in two • In plants, a new cell wall forms in the middle, separating the two cells