This document discusses several important mineral resources found in Mexico and around the world. It provides details on the chemical symbol, atomic number, descriptions and common uses of gold, iron, lead, zinc, aluminum, uranium, mercury, silver, copper, platinum, carbon, nickel, nitrate, diamond, antimony, and titanium. The major producing countries of each mineral are also listed.

1. Minerals resources
of Mexico and the
world.
Adrián Gomez.
Geraldine Tellez.
Daniel Madrigal.
Karime Ortiz.
Reneé Ceballos.
Antonio Flores.

2.  Chemical symbol:Au
 Atomic: 79
 Description: It is a dense, soft, malleable and ductile metal with a bright yellow
color and luster, the properties of which remain without tarnishing when exposed
to air or water. Chemically, gold is a transition metal and a group 11 element. It is
one of the least reactive chemical elements, and is solid under standard conditions.
The metal therefore occurs often in free elemental (native) form, as nuggets or
grains, in rocks, in veins and in alluvial deposits. Less commonly, it occurs in
minerals as gold compounds, such as with tellurium as calaverite, sylvanite, or
krennerite.Gold resists attacks by individual acids, but it can be dissolved by aqua
regia (nitro-hydrochloric acid), so named because it dissolves gold. Gold also
dissolves in alkaline solutions of cyanide, which have been used in mining. It
dissolves in mercury, forming amalgam alloys; it is insoluble in nitric acid, which
dissolves silver and base metals, a property that has long been used to confirm the
presence of gold in items, giving rise to the term acid test.
 Uses:We use them in many decorations and jewelry and in coins
GOLD

3. How we use it:

4. Major Producers: Australia, Peru, Brasil,
Sudafrica, Canada, United States, and Mexico.
Chile

5.  Chemical symbol: Fe
 Atomic number: 26
 Description: It is a metal in the first transition series. It is by mass the
most common element on Earth, forming much of Earth's outer and inner
core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust. Iron's
very common presence in rocky planets like Earth is due to its abundant
production as a result of fusion in high-mass stars, wherein the
production of nickel-56 (which decays to the most common isotope of
iron) is the last nuclear fusion reaction that is exothermic.Therefore,
radioactive nickel is the last element to be produced, before collapse of a
supernova causes the explosion that abundantly scatters this precursor
radionuclide into space.
 Uses: It is used in metallurgic objects and decorations is the most
common mineral and in coins, also in weapons or in utensils for cooking
etc.
iron

6.  How we use it:

7. Major Producers: Australia, China, Peru, Brasil,
Sudafrica, Canada, United States, Mexico and
Chile. Chile

8.  Chemical symbol: Pb
 Atomic number: 82
 Descrption: Lead is a soft and malleable metal, which is regarded as a
heavy metal and an other metal. Metallic lead has a bluish-white color
after being freshly cut, but it soon tarnishes to a dull grayish color when
exposed to air. Lead has a shiny chrome-silver luster when it is melted into
a liquid. It is also the heaviest non-radioactive element.
 Lead is used in building construction, lead-acid batteries, bullets and shot,
weights, as part of solders, pewters, fusible alloys, and as a radiation
shield. Lead has the highest atomic number of all of the stable elements,
although the next higher element, bismuth, has a half-life that is so long
(over one billion times the estimated age of the universe) that it can be
considered stable. Its four stable isotopes have 82 protons, a magic
number in the nuclear shell model of atomic nuclei. We use it in pencils
and colors, and guns, fishin poles
Lead

9.  How we use it:

10. Major Producer: Sudafrica. Chile

11. Zinc
Chemical Symbol: Zn
Atomic Number: 30
Description:
Zinc, in commerce also spelter, is a metallic chemical element. It is
the first element of group 12 of the periodic table. Zinc is, in some
respects, chemically similar to magnesium, because its ion is of
similar size and its only common oxidation state is +2. Zinc is the 24th
most abundant element in the Earth's crust and has five
stable isotopes.
Uses: is used in zinc galvanizing, form materials that are used in
automobiles, also is used in rubber manufacturing and as a protective
skin ointment and
Zinc is also important for health. It is a necessary element for the
proper growth and development of humans, animals, and plants.
Facts

12. How we use it:

13. Major Producers: Australia, China, Peru, and
Mexico. Chile

14. Aluminium
Chemical Symbol: Al
Atomic Number: 13
Description:
Is a chemical element in the boron group It is a silvery white, soft,
ductile metal. Aluminium is the third most abundant
element (after oxygen and silicon), and the most abundant metal, in
the Earth's crust. It makes up about 8% by weight of the Earth's solid
surface. Aluminium metal is so chemically reactive that native
specimens are rare and limited to extreme reducing environments.
Instead, it is found combined in over 270 different minerals. The
chief ore of aluminium is bauxite.
Uses: transport, construction, packaging and electrical sectors.With it we
make roofing and wall cladding, in extrusions for windows and doors, and
in castings for builders' hardware.

15. How we use it:

16. Major Producers: Australia, China, Peru, Brasil,
Sudafrica, Canada, United States, Mexico and
Chile

17. Chemical Symbol: U
Atomic Number: 92
Descrption:
Uranium is a silvery-white metallic chemical element in
the actinide series of the periodic table. A uranium atom has
92 protons and 92 electrons, of which 6 are valence electrons. Uranium
is weakly radioactive because all its isotopes are unstable (with half-
lives of the 6 naturally known isotopes, U-233 - U-238, varying between
69 years and 4½ billion years).
Uses:
A nuclear fuel, Conversion into plutonium in "breeder" reactors. Used in
nuclear fuels to generate electrical power,Synthesis of isotopes.
Nuclear explosive. Also to make X-ray targets for production of high-
energy X-rays.The nitrate has been used as photographic toner
Uranium

18. How we use it:

19. Major Producers: Australia, Brasil, Sudafrica,
Canada, United States and Mexico.Chile

20. Mercury
• Chemical Symbol: Hg
• Atomic Number: 80
• Description:A heavy, silvery d-block element, mercury is the only
metallic element that is liquid at standard conditions for
temperature and pressure; the only other element that is liquid
under these conditions is bromine, though metals such
as caesium, gallium, and rubidium melt just above room
temperature.
• Uses: It is used in the manufacture of sodium hydroxide and
chlorine by electrolysis of brine.The metal is widely used in
making advertising signs, mercury switches and other electrical
apparatus. It is used in laboratory work for making thermometers,
barometers, diffusion pumps and many other instruments.

21. How we use it

22. Major Producer: ChinaChile

23. Silver
• Chemical Symbol: Ag
• Atomic Number: 47
• Description: A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it possesses
the highest electrical conductivity of any element and the
highest thermal conductivity of any metal.The metal occurs
naturally in its pure, free form (native silver), as
an alloy with gold and other metals, and in minerals such
as argentite and chlorargyrite. Most silver is produced as a
byproduct of copper, gold, lead, and zinc refining.
• Uses: its use in jewelry and coins, but today, silver's primary use
is industrial. Whether in cell phones or solar panels, new
innovations are constantly emerging to take advantage of
silver's unique properties.

24. How we use it

25. Major Producers: Peru, Brasil, Canada, United
States, and Mexico. Chile

26. Copper
• Chemical Symbol: Cu
• Atomic Number: 29
• Description: It is a ductile metal with very high
thermal and electrical conductivity. Pure copper is
soft and malleable; a freshly exposed surface has a
reddish-orange color.
• Uses: Copper is heavily employed in the
construction industry.The metal’s high ductility
makes it a practical tool for industrial use. It is
commonly used in shipbuilding.

27. How we use it

28. Major Producers: Peru, Canada, United States,
Mexico and Chile. Chile

29. PLATINUM
 Chemical symbol: Pt
 Atomic number:78
 Descrption: METAIC ELEMENT
QUEMICALLY INERT AND PLENTFUL,
MORE WEALTHY THAN GOLD. IT IS ONE
OF THE TRANSITION ELEMENTSOF 10´S
GROUP OR VIIID OF THE PERIODICAL
SYSTEM.
 Uses: is used extensively for jewellery, but its main
use - accounting for about 50% of demand each year
- is inside catalytic convertors on cars, trucks and
buses. Platinum is very effective at converting
emissions from the vehicle's engine into less harmful
waste products. It is also used for electrical
components

30. Platinum
uses

31. Major Producer: Brasil. Chile

32. CARBON
 CHEMICAL SYMBOL: C
 ATOMIC NUMBER: 6
 DESCRIPTION
IT IS A CRUCIAL ELEMENT FOR THE
LIVING ORGANISMS, IT HAS MUCH
INDUSTRIAL APLICATIONS THAT ARE
IMPORTANT. IT BELONGS TO THE 14´S
GROUPOR IVA OF THE PERIODIAL
SYSTEM.
 USES: Heat resistant devices, tools and metal
cutters have carbon built in.The metal is also
used in cooling systems and machinery.

33. Carbon
uses

34. Major Producer: Sudafrica.Chile

35. NICKEL
 CHEMICAL SYMBOL: Ni
 ATOMIC NUMBER: 28
 DESCRIPTION
IS A MAGNETIC-METALIC ELEMENT ,
ASPECT SILVERY WHITE COLOR, USED
PRIMARLY IN ALLOYMENTS. IS ONE OF
THE TRANSITION ELEMENTS OF THE
PERIODICAL SYSTEM. NiCl2, sulfato de
níquel
sulfato de amonio y níquel, NiSO4·(NH4)
dimetilglioxima

36. Nickel
uses

37. Major Producers: Sudafrica and Canada.Chile

38. NITRATE
 CHEMICAL SYMBOL: NO3
 ATOMIC NUMBER: 14797-55-8
 DESCRPTION
IS A POLYATOMIC ION WITH THE
MOLECULAR FORMULA NO3 AND A
MOLECULAS MASS OF 62.0049g/mol.
NITRATRES ALSO DESCRIBE THE
ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL GROUP RONO2.
THESE NITRATE ESTERS ARE
SPECIALIZED CLASS OF EXPLOSIVES.

39. Nitrate
uses

40. Major Producer: Chile.Chile

41. is a metastable allotrope of
carbon, where the carbon
atoms are arranged in a
variation of the face-
centered cubic crystal
structure called a diamond
lattice. Diamond is less
stable than graphite, but the
conversion rate from
diamond to graphite is
negligible at standard
conditions.
DIAMONDS

42. Diamond

43. Major Producers: Brasil and Sudafrica.Chile

44. ANTIMONY
 is a chemical element with symbol Sb
(from Latin: stibium) and atomic
number 51. A lustrous gray metalloid, it
is found in nature mainly as the sulfide
mineral stibnite (Sb2S3).
Antimony compounds have been known since
ancient times and were used for cosmetics;
metallic antimony was also known, but it was
erroneously identified as lead. It was
established to be an element around the 17th
century.

45. Antimony

46. Major Producers: Australia, China, Peru, Brasil,
Sudafrica, Canada, United States, Mexico and
Chile

47. TITANIUM is a chemical element
with the symbol Ti and
atomic number 22. It is
a lustrous transition
metal with a silver
color, low density and
high strength. It is
highly resistant to
corrosion in sea water,
aqua regia and
chlorine.
 Titanium was
discovered in Cornwall,
Great Britain, by
William Gregor in 1791
and named by Martin
Heinrich Klaproth for
theTitans of Greek
mythology

48. Titanium uses

49. Major Producers: Australia, China, Peru, Brasil,
Sudafrica, Canada, United States, Mexico and
Chile