Metals and non-metals are two types of elements. Metals are shiny, sonorous, ductile, malleable, and good conductors of heat and electricity, while non-metals are dull, non-sonorous, non-ductile, non-malleable, and poor conductors. Some exceptions are that mercury is the only metal in liquid form, sodium and potassium are soft metals, iodine is the only lustrous non-metal, and graphite conducts electricity unlike most non-metals. Metals react with oxygen to form metal oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates, while non-metals react with bases in a more complex process without hydrogen gas

1. Chapter-4:Metals and non-metals

2. What are elements ?
Elements are substances which cannot be broken down into more
simpler substances. For example: Oxygen , Carbon , Hydrogen , etc.

4. What are metals?
Metals are shiny
substance that are
sonorous , ductile
, malleable , good
conductor of heat
and electricity and
are hard.

5. What are non metals ?
Non metals are the
materials which are
dull , non-sonorous ,
non-ductile , non-
malleable , poor
conductors of heat
and light.

6. Some exceptions of metals and non-metals :-
1) Mercury is the only metal in liquid form.
2) Sodium and potassium are only two metals which are
soft and can easily be cut with a knife.
3) Iodine is the only non-metal that is lustrous.
4) Non-metals are generally bad conductors of electricity
but graphite is a good conductor of electricity.

8. Chemical
properties of Metals
and Non-metals

9. Reaction with oxygen:

12. Copper + oxygen + water + carbon dioxide --------> Copper
hydroxide + copper carbonate

21. Non-metals react with bases
like sodium hydroxide but no
hydrogen gas is produced . Itis
a complex process..