The document outlines six common methods of psychology: introspection, observation, case study, experiment, interview, and survey. Introspection involves self-observation and analysis of one's own thoughts and behaviors. Observation entails directly observing and recording behaviors in naturalistic, participant, or non-participant settings. Case studies provide in-depth investigations of individuals or groups through records, observations, and interviews. Experiments manipulate independent variables in controlled environments. Interviews collect data through structured or unstructured discussions. Surveys gather information on behaviors, attitudes, and beliefs through questionnaires or interviews.

1. Methods of Psychology
Instructor: Rustam Ali

3. a. Introspection
b. Observation
c. Case study
d. Experiment
e. Interview
f. Survey

4. • looking into oneself, self
observations, self analysis
• carefully examining and
reporting one’s own
behavior, thoughts,
emotions, sensations.

5. • relies on his memory, past experiences for analysis of
current behavior.
• helpful in self observations without depending on time.
• does not required any device.
• They cannot be confirmed by others

6. • researchers directly observe and record behavior
• data is collected and reported.
Types:
a. Naturalistic
b. Participant (overt observation)
c. Non-Participant (covert observation)

7. naturalistic
participant
non-participant

8. • in-depth investigation of an individual subject group, event.
• archival records, observations, interviews, psychological
testing
• used in clinical settings

9. • conducted in a well-
controlled environment
• uses standardized
procedures
• cause and effect r/ss
• manipulation of IV to see
it's effect on DV

10. • interaction between
interviewer and interviewee
• to collect inormation or data
• Types:
a. structured
b. unstructured

11. • data collection method
about specific behavior,
attitude, belief
• sources:
a. interview
b. questionnaire

12. Thanks