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Mesoamerica
- 1. North America SouthAmerica Andes Mts. Yucatan Peninsula
- 2. Toltec Empire AztecEmpire Mayan Empire Geographic commonalities? Incan Empire
- 3. Maize = Foundationof Mesoamerican agriculture
- 4. Aztec religious temple in Mexico
- 5. Chichen Itza Mayanreligious temple
- 6. Machu Picchu Incancity in Andes Mts.
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- 8. Incan Potato Farming Important addition to maize-based diet and economy
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- 10. The llama: Beastof burden in the Andes Mountains Key advantage to the Incan civilization No other beasts of burden in the Americas.
- 11. Part of massiveIncan road system through the Andes Mountains
- 12. Toltec Empire AztecEmpire 1200-1521 Mayan Empire 250 B.C.E.-900 C.E. 968 C.E. - 1150? Warm Up: Commonalities? Incan Empire 1438 C.E. - 1535
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- 15. Chinampas = Aztecfarming technique
- 16. Chinampas Aztec farmingtechnique
- 17. Chinampas Aztec farmingtechnique
- 18. Chinampas = Aztecfarming technique
- 19. Aztec Chinampas farmingtechnique
- 20. Main Purpose Reasonfor Technique/Obstacle being overcome Aztec Chinampa System Beneficial Characteristics How Constructed Addition Benefits to Society
- 21. Map Label frompg. 23 in Atlas Pacific Ocean Cities Atlantic Ocean Tenochtitlan North America Chichen Itza South America Cuzco Mesoamerica Gulf of Mexico Amazon River Andes Mountains Yucatan Peninsula Caribbean Sea Mayas Aztec Empire Incan Empire Incan Road System
- 22. Major Civilizations ofthe Western Civilization Characteristics of Mayan, Aztec, and Incan Civilizations Characteristic Mayans Aztecs Incas Dates 250 B.C. – A.D. 900 A.D. 1200 – 1521 A.D. 1438 - 1535 Location Central American rain forest – Yucatan Peninsula Valley in Central Mexico – modern Mexico City Andes Mountains – west coast of South America Represented by Chichen Itza Tenochtitlan Machu Picchu Political Style/Rule Independent city-states; ruled by god-kings Emperor Emperor Economy (Based on?) Agriculture & trade Mainly Maize! Agriculture Mainly Maize! + Tribute from conquered peoples High-altitude, terrace agriculture; Maize, potatoes & variety of other crops Religion Polytheistic/animistic – ancestor + sun worship pyramids/temples + human sacrifice Polytheistic/animistic; pyramids/temples Ancestor + Sun God Extensive human sacrifice!! Polytheistic/animistic ancestor + sun worship Achievements/ Characteristics Advances = math, calendars, astronomy Most advanced writing! No beast of burden! Mysterious decline Society based on warfare, expansion and tribute! - Calendars - No beast of burden! Conquered by Spanish Extensive road system Linked empire + helped rule Llama for trade/travel & labor Conquered by Spanish
- 23. Chart Analysis 1.Politically, how did the Mayas differ from the Aztecs and Incas? 2. What main crop was the foundation of agriculture for the Mayas, Aztecs, and Incas? 3. Write a sentence describing the religious commonality between the Mayas, Aztecs and Incas. 4. Write a sentence describing a religious difference between the groups. 5. How may the Mayas have benefitted from their achievements? 6. Who do you think was the most war-like and aggressive of the 3 groups? 7. Why do you think the Incas needed an extensive road system more than the Mayas & Aztecs? 8. Which 2 groups were more influenced by the Europeans? Why? 9. Why were the Incas better able to utilize an extensive road system and carry on longer-distance trade compared to the Aztecs and Mayas?
- 24. Treaty of Tordesillas Created 7 June 1494 in Tordesillas, Spain Ratified 2 July 1494 in Spain 5 September 1494 in Portugal Authors Pope Alexander VI Signatories Ferdinand II of Aragon John II of Portugal Purpose To divide trading and colonizing rights for all newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal to the exclusion of other European nations Most of S. Amer & all of N.Amer. To Spain Brazil to Portugal
- 25. Spain Portugal Mostof S. Amer & all of N.Amer. to Spain Brazil to Portugal 1494