The document discusses mass transit systems, highlighting their role in public transportation such as buses and trains, which facilitate efficient movement of people while reducing environmental impact. It details the advantages, including economic efficiency, reduced congestion, and social inclusivity, alongside different forms of public transport like airlines, buses, and trains. The primary purpose of mass transit is to provide reliable and affordable transportation options for daily commuting and other travel needs.

1. GOVERMENT ENGINEERING
COLLEGE, BHARUCH
Sr. No. Name Enrollment No.
1 Jome Monachan 130140106018
2 Joshi Dhrumil 130140106019
3 Kanthariya Darshana 130140106020
4 Kaptan Sagar 130140106021
Topic : - Mass Transit System
Sub : - Urban Transportation System
Prepared By :

2. Mass transit system
• Mass transit system refers to public shared
transportation, such as trains, buses, ferries etc that
can commute a larger number of passengers from
origin to destination on a no-reserved basis and in
lesser time. It can also be termed as Public Transport.

4. • Rapid transit is an important form of mass transit such as
subways and surface light rail systems, designed for
commuting inter-city or intra-city. Mass transit may be
based on fixed route system such as subway trains,
metros or non-fixed route system such as buses. It is
potentially more economical, eco-friendly and less time
consuming. Mass transit has the advantage of smaller
rights of way and developing lesser amount of
infrastructure required for highways and roads.

5. • Mass transit can be of two types: heavy rail or light rail. Heavy
rails are one of the better forms of mass transit as:
• They are fast
• They will not interfere with the other traffic as they require
separate underground infrastructure
• But the initial cost of heavy rail is very high. It works best at
places where a larger number of people will ride them such as
in the centre of big and densely populated cities.

6. Impacts - Advantages of Mass Transit:
Environmental Impacts :
• Mass transit is believed to be more environmental friendly
than other public transport facilities. Private vehicles emit
about twice as much carbon monoxide and other volatile
organic compounds than public vehicles. Mass transit reduces
the number of cars on the road which in turn reduces the
pollution caused by individual cars.

7. Social Impacts of Mass Transit :
• All members of the society
irrespective of their financial
status, religion or cast are
able to travel which
enhances the social integrity
of the country. The necessity
of a driving license is also
eliminated. It is a blessing for
those individuals who are
unable to drive.

8. Economic Impacts of Mass Transit
• Mass transit development can both improve the usefulness
and efficiency of the public transit system as well as result in
increased business for commercial developments and thus
serves to improve the economy of the country. Mass transit
systems offer considerable savings in labor, materials, and
energy over private transit systems. Also mass transit allows a
higher amount of load to be transported to far away
destinations in lesser time because of its reasonable capacity
than private vehicles.

9. Other Positive Impacts:
• Reduces congestion
• The main idea behind mass transit is to reduce the number of
vehicles on the road by providing a larger facility which carries
higher number of passengers thus eliminating congestion.
• Saves Time
• Mass transit reduces the travel time to a great extent as it
moves at high speeds and stops only at specific spots.
Cost Effective :
• Mass transit is comparably cheaper than other modes of
public transport.

10. What is the purpose of mass transit?
• purpose of mass transit is to move people from one
place to another—between home and work and
shopping and recreation, and back again—quickly,
conveniently and affordably.

11. • Public transport (also known as public transportation, public
transit, or mass transit) is a shared passenger transport
service which is available for use by the general public, as
distinct from modes such as taxicab, carpooling or hired buses
which are not shared by strangers without private
arrangement.
• Public transport modes include city buses, trolleybuses, trams
(or light rail) and passenger trains, rapid transit
(metro/subways/undergrounds etc) and ferries. Public
transport between cities is dominated by airlines, coaches,
and intercity rail. High-speed rail networks are being
developed in many parts of the world.

12. Types of public transport
Airline :
• An airline provides scheduled service with aircraft between
airports. Air travel has high up to very high speeds, but incurs
large waiting times prior and after travel, and is therefore
often only feasible over longer distances or in areas where
lack of ground infrastructure makes other modes of transport
impossible. Bush airlines work more similar to bus stops; an
aircraft waits for passengers and takes off when the aircraft is
full of luggage.

13. Bus and coach
• Bus services use buses on conventional roads to carry
numerous passengers on shorter journeys. Buses operate
with low capacity (i.e. compared with trams or trains), and
can operate on conventional roads, with relatively inexpensive
bus stops to serve passengers. Therefore buses are commonly
used in smaller cities, towns, and rural areas, as well as for
shuttle services supplementing other means of transit in large
cities. Online Electric Vehicles are buses that run on a
conventional battery, but are recharged frequently at certain
points via underground wires.

14. • Coach services use coaches (long-distance buses) for
suburb-to-CBD or longer-distance transportation. The
vehicles are normally equipped with more comfortable
seating, a separate luggage compartment, video and
possibly also a toilet. They have higher standards than city
buses, but a limited stopping pattern.

15. Train
• Passenger rail transport is the
conveyance of passengers by
means of wheeled vehicles
specially designed to run on
railways. Trains allow high
capacity on short or long
distance, but require track,
signalling, infrastructure and
stations to be built and
maintained. Urban rail transit
consists of trams, light rail,
rapid transit, people movers,
commuter rail, monorail
suspension railways and
funiculars.

16. Tram and light rail
• Trams are railborne vehicles that run in city streets or
dedicated tracks. They have higher capacity than buses, but
must follow dedicated infrastructure with rails and wires
either above or below the track, limiting their flexibility.

17. • Light rail is a modern development (and use) of the tram, with
dedicated right-of-way not shared with other traffic, (often)
step-free access and increased speed. Light rail lines are, thus,
essentially modernized interurbans.

18. Rapid transit
• A rapid transit railway system (also called a metro,
underground, or subway) operates in an urban area with high
capacity and frequency, and grade separation from other
traffic.
• Systems are able to transport large amounts of people quickly
over short distances with little land use.