This document provides information on rapid transit systems in India. It discusses that rapid transit consists of bus, metro, monorail and light rail systems which generally operate on exclusive rights-of-way. The first rapid transit system in India was the Kolkata Metro in 1984. Growing populations in Indian cities have led to a shift from private to public transportation with metro rail lines now present in several major cities. Delhi Metro commenced operations in 2002 and now has over 140 stations with a total length of 193 kilometers. Bus Rapid Transit systems have also been implemented in cities like Pune and Delhi to provide fast, reliable public transportation.

1. Presentation on Rapid transit sysytem
In India
Submited by:-
Prakhar srivastava
Civil 4th year

3.  Rapid transit in India consists
of bus, metro, monorail and light rail systems
 It is a type of high-capacity public
transport generally found in urban areas.
 transit systems operate on an exclusive right-of-
way which is usually grade separated
in tunnels or elevated railways.

4.  Civil engineers handle the design, construction,
and operation of railroads and mass transit
systems that use a fixed guideway.
 To determining horizontal and vertical
alignment design, station location and design,
and construction cost estimating

5. Rapid transit system history
 1984 - The first rapid transit system in India was
the Kolkata Metro
 2006 - Pune was the first city in India to experiment with
a Bus Rapid Transit system
 2014 -The Mumbai Monorail, which opened on 2
February 2014 is the first operational monorail in India

7.  Growing cities, growing population and growing traffic has
invariably called for a shift from private modes of conveyance to
public transport.
 The only metro service in the country functioning directly under the
Indian Railways, the foundation for this was laid as early as 1972.
 Metro rail lines in India are composed of both standard
gauge and broad gauge.
 One exception is the Ahmedabad Metro, which will use Broad
gauge

8. • There are currently 6 cities in india having metro facilities i,e..
Kolkatta,Delhi,Gurgaon,Chennai,Banglore
& mumbai,
• 7 cities having metro under construction i,e.. Jaipur,Navi
mumbai,hyderabad,kochi,lucknow,ahemdabad & chennai
• 17 cities metro facilities are under planning i,e
Bhopal,indore,kanpur etc

9.  Delhi metro was formed by Delhi metro rail corporation
Whose construction was started in 1998 and commenced
his service on 24 dec 2002
 Today, Delhi metro is a major business with 2.4 million passenger
journeys made a day
 It serving 140 stations with a total length of 193 kilomteres

10. Before:-
.Traffic had been an utter koas in Delhi before the start of the Metro rail.
• Delhi was a very bad city indeed. Its state-run and private buses were
overcrowded, ill-kept and uncomfortable, Women suffered the most,Fisticuffs
inside buses were common.
After:-
•The Metro railway has resulted in reduced consumption of fuel containing
hydrocarbons, the study claims this has resulted in emission savings of 2,275
tonnes. These saving are likely to go up to 3,968 tonnes by the end of this year.
•People in the city save 66 minutes every day on an average by
travelling to and fro by the Metro rail, which has resulted in a saving of
Rs. 415 crore up to 2006 as their earning capacity time increases.

12.  TBM tunnel construction is now well accepted in indian metro rail
construction since it inception from phase 1 delhi metro,different
type of TBM are used against different soil condition.
 Different type for various soil conditions :- Earth pressure
machine,slurry machine,hard rock machine,mix shield & road
header.

14.  SINGLE U-GIRDER
 First time in Delhi Metro
Advantages as compared to segmental box section
 – Cost effective as the weight 11t/m where as it is 16t/m in segmental box,
overall savings is about 10% .
 – Fast un erection it takes less than one day cycle in erection of one span
compared to 5-6 days required of conventionalsegmental span.
 – Aesthetically better looking as no joints.
 – No site parapets required.

15. Bearing
 -Elastomeric bear ing are placed underneath U- girder for transfer
 of vertical forces
 -Concrete shear keys are provided at top of pier cap which restrain
 the movement of deck in transverse direction and acts as topper in
 longitudinal direction.
 A gap of 25mm between deck and shear key each side of the deck
 is maintained to allow thermal expansion of the deck.
Drainage of deck/ solid pier
 Drain pipe is located with in solid pier to avoid aesthetics
 problems.
 The top of deck soffit slab is profiled so as to collect run off water
 at middle of slab by providing a cross slop of 1%. Two no of
 drainage pipes at each end of U girder span have been provided on
 top of the pier cap which will connect to the drainage pipe in pier.

16.  A metro is a fully automated rail based public transportation
system
 It consist of automated electical driven cars with capacity of 1000
passengers on a network of guide ways.
 Trains operate at a frequency of 2 minutes 40 seconds to 5–10
minutes between 6:00 and 23:00 depending peak and off-peak
time.
 Trains operating within the network typically travel at speed up to
40 km/h (25 mph), and stop for about 20 seconds at each station.
 The power output is supplied by 25-kilovolt, 50-hertz alternating
current through overhead catenary
 Station located on the sidings with merge/diverging points,This
approaches allowed for non stops,point to point travel,by passing
all intermediate station

17. • For the convenience of customers, Metro commuters have three choices
for ticket purchase
•The RFID tokens are valid only for a single journey on the day of
purchase and the value depends on the distance travelled
•Travel cards are available for longer durations and are most convenient
for frequent commuters,A 10% discount is given on all travel made on it.
•A ticket machine, also known as a Ticket Vending Machine (TVM), is
a vending machine that produces tickets.

18. • Cheap. – Money saving because the cost of ticket
for riding the metro is definitely lower compared to
gas, car maintenance and amortization/ insurance
of your car.
• Environment-Friendly. – Less traffic on the streets
and your share in saving the earth from pollution
emitted from your car.
• Convenience – You can reach your destination on
time and without any problems with traffic which
makes riding the metro a good thing to do.

20. Some people ride BART (Bay Area Rapid Transit, a
commuter rail system), for example, so that they
can use their commute time to do work, read for
pleasure, take a nap, or simply relax and enjoy the
scenery rather than concentrating on driving.
Cost comparison often shows that BART fare is lower
than the combined costs of bridge tolls and
maintaining and fueling a vehicle.

21. United States Environmental Protection Agency:
wrote a paper in July 1998 titled,
“Transportation Control Measures: Improved Public Transit.”
3 major ways of increasing ridership on public transit – and thus decreasing energy costs
associated with transportation within a population
• system and service expansion
• operational improvements to the system
• incentives to commuters to use public transit more frequently

22. System and Service Expansion
• provide entirely new systems – new subways, light rail, etc.
• provide new services – express buses, HOV lanes, lanes exclusively for buses
Operational Improvements
• broader geographic coverage
• reliable schedules and improved maintenance of transit vehicles
Incentives
• discounts on monthly or weekly passes
• employers can buy bulk numbers of passes for employees and perhaps receive
government incentives
• if mass transit system becomes efficient, riders will benefit by saving time and money

23. Goals
• save commuters’ time and money
• improve the city’s traffic and pollution problems without embarking on massive
construction of an expensive transit system
A Solution!!!
• use existing infrastructure – with a few modifications – and incentives to increase
ridership on mass transit
• public buses (hybrid or perhaps fully electric-powered) – with expanded geographic
coverage, exclusive bus lanes (to make commuting faster and more prompt), better
maintenance and cleanliness, and incentives

27.  Bus Rapid Transit" takes its name from
rail rapid transit, which describes a high-capacity
urban public-transit system with its
own right of way.
 BRT uses buses on a wide variety of rights-of-way,
including mixed traffic, dedicated lanes
on surface streets, and busways separated from
traffic.

28.  Pune was the first city in India to experiment
with a Bus Rapid Transit system.
 The project consists of 16.5 kilometres (10.3 mi)
of bus lanes along the Pune Satara Road using
airconditioned, low-floor more than 500 Volvo
B7RLE buses.

29.  The Delhi BRT system was inspired by a similar
systems in Curitiba, Brazil which had been introduced
a system in 1975,with similar systems being introduced
in , Colombia , Guayaquil, Ecuador and the Eugene,
Oregon

33.  Bus only right of way.
 Level boarding.
 Saves times & energy.
 Environmental quality.
 Operation cost efficiency.
 Reduction in accident rate.
 Urban rejuvenation.
 Capital cost effectivness.

34. THANK YOU