This document provides information about masonry construction presented by a group of students. It defines masonry as the art of building with stones or bricks and describes the three main types: stone, brick, and concrete block. It then focuses on brick masonry, classifying bricks and describing different bonding patterns like English, Flemish, header, stretcher bonds. Load bearing walls, non-load bearing walls and fancy walls are defined. Requirements for masonry walls and rules for good brick bonding are also outlined.

1. Welcome to our Presentation on “Masonary”
Course Title: Details of Construction
Course Code: CEN 200
Group: 01
Group Name: Red
Courser Teacher,
Subrata Chowdhury
Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
Stamford University Bangladesh

2. Presented By
1. Md. Feroz Mahmud ( Group Leader )
2. Md. Mahamud Rejwan Sabri
3. Kazi Rubayet Morshed
4. Nazmul Hasan Diptu
5. Md. Imran Saleh
6. Md. Tarikul Islam
7. Md. Nuruzzaman Sheik
8. Md. Shoiad Uddin
9. Md. Mamun

3. Masonry
 Masonry is the term that is used to indicate the art of building
the structures in stones or bricks.
 Selection of the material is based on strength, thermal
insulation, fire resistance, durability and economy.
They are three types of Masonry -
I. Stone
II. Brick
III. Concrete block
 Construction of brick unit bonded together with mortar is
termed as B.M. (Brick Masonry)

4. • Stones Masonry-
• Concrete block
Masonry-

5. •Bricks Masonry-

6. CLASSIFICATION OF BRICKS
Four types of bricks. They are-
1. First class brick
2. Second class brick
3. Third class brick and
4. Fourth class brick

7. First class brick
 This are table
moulded.
 Surface & edges are
sharp, square, smooth,
straight.
 Used for superior
work.
 Water absorption less
than 20%.
 Used for face-worked
structure.

8. Second class brick
Small cracks and
distortion permitted.
Water absorption 16-
20%of dry weight
allowed.
Crushing strength not
less than 7.0 N/mm².
Recommended for all
hidden work and
centering of RBC.
Bricks are used for
superior work.

9. Third class brick
Under burnt, soft and
light colored producing
dull sound.
Water absorption 25% of
dry weight.
Recommended for
temporary structures.
It may show lot of
pebbles on its surface.
These bricks are not used
for important and
permanent works.

10. Fourth class bricks
 Over burnt and badly
distorted in shape and
size.
 Brittle in nature.
 Ballast of these bricks
used for foundation
and floors and as road
metal.

11.  Brick is basically a wall material. Masonry walls can be
divvied into following three categories-
They are-
1. Load bearing wall
2. Non-load bearing wall
3. Fancy wall

12. Load bearing wall
A load-bearing wall is
a wall that bears the
weight of the house
above said wall, resting
upon it by conducting its
weight to a foundation
structure. The materials
most often used to
construct load-bearing
walls in large buildings
are concrete, block, or
brick.

13. Non-load bearing wall
Non-load-bearing walls carry
only their own weight and
may be any one of the types
discussed underload-bearing
walls. This type of wall is
used to close in a steel or
concrete frame building. It is
usually carried by supports,
normally steel shelf angles at
each floor, and is called a non
load bearing wall.

14. Fancy wall
Wall comes from Latin
vellum meaning "...an
earthen wall or rampart set with
palisades, a row or line of
stakes, a wall, a rampart,
fortification..." while the Latin
word murus means a defensive
stone wall.

15. Masonry Wall Requirements
The usual functional requirement of a masonry
wall include :
Adequate strength to support imposed loads
Sufficient water tightness
Sufficient visual privacy and sound transmission
Appropriate fire resistance
Ability to receive various finish materials Cost

16. RULES FOR GOOD BRICK
BONDING
Uniform in size
Bricks arranged uniformly throughout the wall.
Bats are used as little as possible.
The bricks in the interiors of wall laid as headers, that is,
across the wall.
The lap not more than 2 and one-fourth inches.
The vertical joints in every other course should be
vertically over one another.

17. DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF
BONDING
The following are the principal forms of bonding:
 English
 Double Flemish
 Single Flemish
 Heading
 Stretching
 Rat trap bond
 Garden Wall

18. English Bond
THE FOLLOWING ARE THE SALIENT FEATURES
OF ENGLISH:
• Headers and stretchers are laid in alternate courses.
• In each heading course a queen closer is placed next to quoin
header and the remaining bricks are laid as headers.
• Every alternate header in a course comes centrally over the
joint over the joint between two stretchers in the course
below, giving an approximate lap of 2¼ in.

20. FLEMISH BOND
 This bond has one stretcher between header, with the
headers centered over the stretchers in the course below.
 When a course begins with a stretcher, the course will
ordinarily terminate with a stretcher at the other end.
 Brickwork that appears as Flemish bond from both the front
and rear is double Flemish bond.
 Flemish bond consists of alternating headers and stretchers
along each course with the headers centered on the stretchers
above and below.

23. HEADER BOND
• Heading or header bond is laid on headers.
• Used for round quick sweeps.
• Should never be sued in straight work as it is very week.
• This bond s used for facing of curbed surface and footings in
foundations.

26. STRETCHER BOND
• In this bond all the bricks are laid as stretchers an the faces of
walls.
• This pattern is used only for half brick thick walls i.e. 9cm, such
as partition walls, sleeper walls, division walls or chimney
stacks.
• This bond is not possible if the thickness of wall is more.

29. Rat Trap Bond
A “Rat-Trap Bond” is a
type of wall brick masonry
bond in which bricks are
laid on edge (i.e. the height
of each course in case of a
brick size 230x110x75
mm, will be 110 mm plus
mortar thickness) such that
the shinner and rowlock are
visible on the face of
masonry as shown below.

31. Garden wall
Walls, such as garden
walls, that are to be
finished fairface both
sides and built 1 B thick
are often built in one of
the garden wall bonds.
 Used for 9 inch wall.
 Used when a fair face
is required on both
sides.
 It is mostly used in construction of garden wall.