This document discusses waterjet cutting, including what it is, where it is used, how it works, its advantages and limitations. Waterjet cutting uses high-pressure water or water with abrasives to cut materials. It can cut virtually any material, has a fast setup, leaves little heat damage, and is environmentally friendly. However, cutting hard metals or thick materials reduces cutting speed. Waterjet cutting is used in machine shops, artistic works, manufacturing, aerospace, automotive and other industries.

2. Objectives of presentation
• What is water jet cutting?
• Where it is used?
• Why it is used?
• How it is used?
• What are the advantages of waterjet cutting?
• What are the limitations of waterjet cutting
process?

3. Water jet cutting
• Also called Hydrodynamics Machining.
• Waterjet cutting technology is one of the fastest
growing major machine tool processes in the
world due to its versatility and ease of operation.
• The Waterjet process provides many unique
capabilities and advantages that can prove very
effective in the cost battle.
• Waterjets are used in high production
applications across the globe.

4. Water jet cutting
• Also called Hydrodynamics Machining.
• Waterjet cutting technology is one of the fastest
growing major machine tool processes in the
world due to its versatility and ease of operation.
• The Waterjet process provides many unique
capabilities and advantages that can prove very
effective in the cost battle.
• Waterjets are used in high production
applications across the globe.

5. Types of waterjet cutting
• Generally it is categorized in two types
1.Pure waterjet cutting
• High pressurized water is used as cutting
media
2.Abrassive waterjet cutting
• Fine particles of granite or alumina are used
along with high speed water stream

6. Basic waterjet principles
• They use the technology of high-pressure water being
forced through a small hole (typically called the
"orifice" or "jewel") to concentrate an extreme amount
of energy in a small area.
• The inlet water for a pure waterjet is pressurized
between 20,000 and 60,000 Pounds Per Square Inch
(PSI) (1300 to 6200 bar).
• This is forced through a tiny hole in the jewel, which is
typically 0.007" to 0.020" in diameter (0.18 to 0.4 mm).
• Traveling as close to the speed of sound (about 600
mph or 960 km/hr)

7. Basic waterjet principles
cont...
• In abrasive waterjet cutting abrasive particles
are added along with the high speed water
stream.
• The beam of water accelerates abrasive
particles to speeds fast enough to cut through
much harder materials.

8. design of a pure waterjet nozzle Design of an abrasivejet nozzle

9. working
• The force of the water and abrasive erodes the
material.
• The cutting action is greatly enhanced if the
abrasivejet stream is moved across the material.
• the ideal speed of movement depends on
1. The material
2. The shape of the part
3.The water pressure and the type of abrasive.
• Controlling the speed of the abrasivejet nozzle is
crucial to efficient and economical machining.

10. A typical waterjet nozzl

12. Waterjet Plasma Laser EDM
Process Erosion
process:
high speed
liquid
sandpaper
Burning / melting
process using high
temperature ionized
gas arc
Melting
process
using
concentrated
laser light beam
Erosion
process using electrical
discharge
Materials Any material. Primarily steel,
stainless steel and
aluminum.
Primarily steel,
stainless and
aluminum.
Can also cut a
variety
of other materials.
Conductive
materials only.
Thickness Up to 24 inches,
virtually any
material.
Z constraint
is only
limit to thickness.
Up to 2-3 inches,
depending on
material.
Generally 1 inch
or less,
depending
on
materials.
Generally 12
inch or less.
Part
Accuracy
Up to .001" Up to .010" Up to .001" Up to .0001"
Capital
Investment
$60k to over
$300k
$60k to
over $300k
$200K to
over $1M
$100k to
over $400k
Machine
Setup
Same setup
for all
materials
Different
setup for
different jobs
Different gases
and parameters
for different jobs
Different
wire types for
different jobs
Cutting Comparison With Other Methods

13. Advantages
Can cut virtually any material
• Copper, brass, aluminum:
• Pre-hardened steel
• Mild steel
• Exotic materials such as
titanium, Inconel and
Hastalloy
• Brittle materials such as
glass, ceramic, quartz,
stone.
• Laminated materials
• Flammable materials

14. Advantages
• Fast setup and programming
• Little fixturing for most parts
• Almost no heat generated on your part
• Narrow kerf removes only a small amount of material
• No mechanical stresses
• Machine thick material
• Are very safe
• Environmentally friendly

15. Disadvantages
• Cutting hard metals such as tool steel seriously
affects the cutting speed
• Cutting thick materials results in a taper down the
cut resulting from the water jet widening as it get
further away from the nozzle

16. Parts made by waterjets

17. Where waterjets are used
• General purpose machine shops
• Artists
• Architectural
• Aerospace
• Manufacturing
• Automotive & transportation

18. References
• http://www.flowwaterjet.com/en/waterjet-cutting/uhp-pumps/hyperjet.• http://www.engineerstudent.co.uk/water_jet_cutting.html
• http://www.inoxservice.hu/index.php/en/vizsugaras

19. Thank you!