Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a rare but life-threatening reaction to certain anesthetic gases and muscle relaxants. The document summarizes three case histories of MH occurring during surgery and induction. It then defines MH as a hypermetabolic response causing increased CO2, temperature, and other symptoms. The document outlines the history, genetics, pathophysiology, diagnostic signs, treatment with dantrolene, and anesthetic management of patients at risk for MH.