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Course: Optical RADAR
LiDAR
Course Coordinator: Arpan Deyasi
1/27/2021 1
Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India
1/27/2021 2
Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India
What is LiDAR?
uses optical remote sensing technology to measure the
distance of a target by illuminating it with light
use LASER pulse for measuring distance
electromagnetic (EM) waves of ultraviolet, visible or
infrared wavelengths are used
Light Detection And Ranging
1/27/2021 Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India 3
1/27/2021 4
Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India
Information obtained by LiDAR
Range to target (Topographic LiDAR)
Chemical properties of target (Differential Absorption LiDAR)
Velocity of target (Doppler LiDAR)
1/27/2021 5
Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India
LiDAR platforms
[i] aerial --- for highly detailed, local elevation data
[ii] satellite --- covers large areas with less detail
1/27/2021 6
Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India
LiDAR Operational Theory
 A pulse of light is emitted and the precise time is
recorded
 The reflection of that pulse is detected and the precise
time is recorded
 Using the constant speed of light, the delay can be
converted into a “slant range” distance
 Knowing the position and orientation of the sensor,
XYZ coordinate of the reflective surface can be
calculated
1/27/2021 7
Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India
Components of a LiDAR system
 Laser scanner
 High-precision clock
 GPS
 IMU – Inertial navigation measurement unit
 Data storage and management systems
1/27/2021 Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India 8
1/27/2021 9
Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India
Components of a LiDAR system - Laser
Wavelength
infrared (1500 – 2000 nm) for meteorology – Doppler LiDAR
near-infrared (1040 - 1060 nm) for terrestrial mapping
blue-green (500 – 600 nm) for bathymetry
ultraviolet (250 nm) for meteorology
eye-safe; low wattage (<1w)
1/27/2021 10
Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India
Components of a LiDAR system – Laser Scanner
mirror spins or scans to
project laser pulses to the
surface
scanning angles up to 75
degrees --- scanner measures
the angle at which each pulse
was fired
receives reflected pulse from
surface (“return”)
1/27/2021 11
Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India
Components of a LiDAR system - GPS
records the x,y,z location of the scanner
surveyed ground base stations in the flight area
1/27/2021 12
Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India
measures the angular orientation of the scanner
relative to the ground (pitch, roll, yaw)
Components of a LiDAR system - IMU
1/27/2021 13
Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India
records the time the laser pulse leaves and returns
to the scanner
Components of a LiDAR system - clock
1/27/2021 14
Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India
Advantages of LiDAR
Higher accuracy
Fast acquisition and processing
Minimum human dependence
Weather/Light independence
Higher data density

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LiDAR

  • 1. Course: Optical RADAR LiDAR Course Coordinator: Arpan Deyasi 1/27/2021 1 Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India
  • 2. 1/27/2021 2 Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India What is LiDAR? uses optical remote sensing technology to measure the distance of a target by illuminating it with light use LASER pulse for measuring distance electromagnetic (EM) waves of ultraviolet, visible or infrared wavelengths are used Light Detection And Ranging
  • 3. 1/27/2021 Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India 3
  • 4. 1/27/2021 4 Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India Information obtained by LiDAR Range to target (Topographic LiDAR) Chemical properties of target (Differential Absorption LiDAR) Velocity of target (Doppler LiDAR)
  • 5. 1/27/2021 5 Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India LiDAR platforms [i] aerial --- for highly detailed, local elevation data [ii] satellite --- covers large areas with less detail
  • 6. 1/27/2021 6 Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India LiDAR Operational Theory  A pulse of light is emitted and the precise time is recorded  The reflection of that pulse is detected and the precise time is recorded  Using the constant speed of light, the delay can be converted into a “slant range” distance  Knowing the position and orientation of the sensor, XYZ coordinate of the reflective surface can be calculated
  • 7. 1/27/2021 7 Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India Components of a LiDAR system  Laser scanner  High-precision clock  GPS  IMU – Inertial navigation measurement unit  Data storage and management systems
  • 8. 1/27/2021 Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India 8
  • 9. 1/27/2021 9 Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India Components of a LiDAR system - Laser Wavelength infrared (1500 – 2000 nm) for meteorology – Doppler LiDAR near-infrared (1040 - 1060 nm) for terrestrial mapping blue-green (500 – 600 nm) for bathymetry ultraviolet (250 nm) for meteorology eye-safe; low wattage (<1w)
  • 10. 1/27/2021 10 Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India Components of a LiDAR system – Laser Scanner mirror spins or scans to project laser pulses to the surface scanning angles up to 75 degrees --- scanner measures the angle at which each pulse was fired receives reflected pulse from surface (“return”)
  • 11. 1/27/2021 11 Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India Components of a LiDAR system - GPS records the x,y,z location of the scanner surveyed ground base stations in the flight area
  • 12. 1/27/2021 12 Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India measures the angular orientation of the scanner relative to the ground (pitch, roll, yaw) Components of a LiDAR system - IMU
  • 13. 1/27/2021 13 Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India records the time the laser pulse leaves and returns to the scanner Components of a LiDAR system - clock
  • 14. 1/27/2021 14 Arpan Deyasi, RCCIIT, India Advantages of LiDAR Higher accuracy Fast acquisition and processing Minimum human dependence Weather/Light independence Higher data density