IRS-1A was the first Indian remote sensing satellite successfully launched on March 17, 1988. It carried two cameras, LISS-I and LISS-II, with spatial resolutions of 73m and 36.25m respectively. IRS-1B, the second satellite, was launched on August 29, 1991 with the same sensor characteristics as IRS-1A. Both satellites orbited at an altitude of 904km with sensors that operated in the visible and near-infrared bands. The key characteristics of the IRS satellite sensors that determine data quality are spatial, spectral, radiometric, and temporal resolution.

1. CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF
JHARKHAND
Submitted by
Name:-Partha Mandal
Reg No:-21260402021
Session:-2021-23
Describe IRS-1A & 1B sensor characteristics and one application
Department of Geo-informatics

2. IRS SATELLITE
(INDIAN REMOTE SENSING SATELLITE)
Discussions on space and artificial satellites in India began in
the 1960s. Later, in 1975, the first satellite named Aryabhatta
was launched into space. And later the Satellite Launch
Vehicle was also launched.
The Remote Sensing Satellite was launched in 1988 under
the name IRS. Features of these Satellites given below.

3. IRS 1A
IRS-1A, the first of the series of indigenous state-of-art
remote sensing satellites, was successfully launched into a
polar sun-synchronous orbit on March 17, 1988 from the
Soviet Cosmodrome at Baikonur. IRS-1A carries two
cameras, LISS-I and LISS-II with resolutions of 73 metres
and 36.25 metres respectively with a swath width of about
140 km during each pass over the country.

4. 1.Launched March 17,1988
2.Altitude 904 km
3.Sensor LISS-I,LISS-II
4.Spatial Resolution LISS-I(72.5m),LISS-II(36.25m)
5.No. of Bands 4
6.Spectral Resolution Wave length nominal location
0.45-0.52 Blue
0.52-0.59 Green
0.62-0.68 Red
0.77-0.86 NIR
7.Swath LISS-I(148km),LISS-II(74km)
8.Temporal Resolution 22 Days
9.Period 103 Minutes

5. IRS-1B
IRS-1B, Indian Remote Sensing satellite-1B, the second
of the series of indigenous state-of-art remote sensing
satellites, was successfully launched into a polar Sun-
synchronous orbit on 29 August 1991 from the Soviet
Cosmodrome at Baikonur.

6. 1.Launched August 29,1991
2.Altitude 904 km
3.Sensor LISS-I,LISS-II
4.Spatial Resolution LISS-I(72.5m),LISS-II(36.25m)
5.No. of Bands 4
6.Spectral Resolution Wave length nominal location
0.45-0.52 Blue
0.52-0.59 Green
0.62-0.68 Red
0.77-0.86 NIR
7.Swath LISS-I(148km),LISS-II(74km)
8.Temporal Resolution 22 Days
9.Period 103 Minutes

7. Characteristics of IRS Satellites:
The quality of data acquired by earth surface observation
satellites depends on the sensors used
in the satellites. The four major characteristic features of
sensors are spatial resolution,
spectral resolution, radiometric resolution and temporal
resolution. Resolution is defined as
the ability of the sensor system to render the information at the
smallest discretely separable
quantity in terms of distance (spatial), wavelength band of
electromagnetic spectrum
(spectral), radiation quantity (radiometric) and revisit frequency
(temporal). In the identical
satellites IRS-1A and 1B the Linear Imaging Self-Scanning
Sensor (LISS-I and LISS-IIA/B)
of two multispectral cameras were used. Each LISS camera
consists of the collecting optics,
imaging detectors, in-flight calibration system, the processing
electronics and data formatting
electronics. LISS uses linear array detectors (CCD – charged-
couple-devices). These sensors
operated in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) bands.

8. SATELLITE SENSOR SPECTRAL
RESOLUTION
SPATIAL
RESOLUTION
SWATH TEMPORAL
RESOLUTION
ORBIT CHARACTERISTICS AND
RADIOMETRIC OR
QUANTIZATION LAVEL
IRS-
1A/1B
LISS-
I,LISS-
II
0.45-0.52
0.52-0.59
0.62-0.68
0.77-0.86
72.5m
LISS-
I,36m
LISS-II
148
74*2
22 DAYS Orbit –
Sunsynchronous;
Altitude
– 904 km; Inclination
– 99.50; Equatorial
crossing –
10.26 a.m.;
Orbit Period – 103.2
minutes. Radiometric
Resolution – 7 bit;

9. Applications of IRS satellites:
Agriculture and Soil;
 Bio-resources and Environment;
 Geology and Mineral Resources;
Ocean Resources;
Remote Sensing Technology and Training .
 Water Resources

10. REFERENCES
1.ASIK AHMED(2018) HONRS PRACTICAL GEOGRAPHY
2.BHATTA.B.(2008) REMOTE SENSING AND GIS.
3.WWW.ISRO.GOV.IN
4.WIKIPEDIA
5.SOME PDF
6.YOUTUBE
7.GOOGLE

11. THANK YOU