Lecture 3 rock & cave churchs of Tigray
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This document provides information about five Tigray churches as examples: 1. Medhanealem Adi Kesho, one of the earliest rock-cut churches with a domed sanctuary arch and flat, faux-wood paneled ceilings. 2. Wukro Maryam, located 25km southwest of Adigrat, constructed between 1100-1310 AD in the basilica style with a higher nave and lower aisles, measuring 23m by 9m. 3. Abreha wa Atsbeha, with a later extension. It also describes the rock-cut churches in Lalibela, divided into three groups symbolizing earthly Jerusalem, heavenly Jerusalem,
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This document provides information about five Tigray churches as examples:
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Islamic architecture
COMMON INTERPRETATIONS OF ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE
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OME OF ROCK , JERUSALAM
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REAT MOSQUE OF SAMARA AND CORODB DB A
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UMMAYAD MOSQUE (GRAND MOSQUE OF DAMASCUS)
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MADRASSA
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MADRASSA OF SULTAN
Westminster Abbey. .pptx
Westminster Abbey is a large Gothic church in London that has historically served as the site of British coronations and royal burials. Some key features include the nave where notable figures are buried, Poet's Corner memorializing writers, the rose window and vaulted ceilings decorated with ribbing, and flying buttresses on the exterior. The abbey was originally a Benedictine church until Henry VIII dissolved the monasteries, and now functions as a site for coronations, royal weddings, burials and memorials.
precolonial architecture of Cambodia, Angkor wat , history of architecture
About the precolonial Cambodian architecture , introduction to khmer architecture ,characteristics of khmer architecture , architectural features and planning of Angkor wat.
Prehistorical architecture
The document provides a history of architecture from prehistorical to ancient Near East civilizations. It describes the evolution of dwellings from caves and huts in the Paleolithic era to long houses and pit houses in the Neolithic. Mesopotamian architecture included ziggurats, palaces and the Ishtar Gate. Ancient Egyptian architecture featured mastabas, pyramids, rock-cut tombs, temples and dwellings made of mud bricks. Temples had elements like pylons, obelisks, hypostyle halls and sanctuaries.
Hoysala Temples Halebid
The document provides information about Hoysala temples and Pala sculptures. It describes key features of Hoysala temples such as their star-shaped layout, intricate carvings, and use of soapstone. It highlights two major Hoysala temples - the Channa Kesava temple built in 1117 CE which features 48 pillars with carvings, and the Hoysaleswara temple at Halebid dated to 1121-1160 CE that has twin shrines. It also briefly introduces Pala sculptures from the 8th-12th century Pala Empire centered in Bengal and Bihar.
Buddhist architecture
All architectural Structures and features in brief.Includes Stupa,Ashokan pillar, Vihara and chaitiya halls.
Westminster ppt
Westminster Abbey is an architectural masterpiece built between the 13th and 16th centuries that contains over 3,000 burials and memorials. It has undergone several reconstructions, including under Henry VII when it was rebuilt on a grander scale in a new Gothic style. Notable features include flying buttresses, a lady chapel with a fan-vaulted ceiling, and the chapter house, one of the largest in England. Westminster Abbey continues to play an important role in British coronations and royal weddings.
King's college
King's College Chapel in Cambridge, England is one of the oldest colleges at the university. Construction on the chapel began in 1446 and took nearly a century to complete. Built in the Perpendicular Gothic style, the chapel has a simple rectangular shape and features the world's largest fan vault ceiling. It also contains a highly decorated interior with stained glass windows and architectural details. The chapel remains one of the finest examples of Gothic architecture in England.
Hoa lec ii (byzantine architecture)
The document discusses key characteristics of Byzantine architecture as seen in two examples - the Church of Saints Sergius and Bacchus and Hagia Sophia. Some of the main features described include the use of domes placed on square plans using pendentives, decoration with mosaics and marble, and innovative structural techniques like those used in Hagia Sophia's grand central dome supported by pendentives. Specific elements of both churches are also outlined, such as their plans, interior and exterior details, and impressive mosaics.
Epc finalize
Chartres Cathedral is located in Chartres, France and is considered one of the finest examples of French Gothic architecture. It is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and its design and details remain fully intact, preserving its original appearance. The cathedral was rebuilt after a fire in 1194 and its striking design elements like pointed arches, flying buttresses, and ribbed vaults helped support its structure. Its ornate sculptures, stained glass windows, and other religious artwork were meant to offer a spiritual experience for visitors.
Wells cathedral
Wells Cathedral is located in Wells, Somerset, England and serves as the seat of the Bishop of Bath and Wells. Construction of the Gothic cathedral began in 1176 and continued through 1490, resulting in a structure over 116 meters long with three towers. Wells Cathedral has been praised for its beautifully sculpted stonework and large collection of medieval stained glass windows. It also contains unique architectural features such as inverted arches in the crossing and houses an astronomical clock from 1390 in the north transept.
Romanesque architecture
The document provides information on Norman architecture in England between 1066-1154 AD. Some key features of Norman churches described include thick walls, square towers, rounded arches, groin vaults and chevron mouldings. Examples of significant Norman buildings mentioned are St. John's Chapel in the Tower of London, Westminster Abbey with its grand facade and wooden ceiling, and Salisbury Cathedral known for its tall spire.
Chalukyan ppt
The document provides information on Chalukyan architecture and style between the 6th and 12th centuries in central and southern India. It discusses the three Chalukyan dynasties that ruled different regions, and their contributions to Kannada and Telugu literature. Rock-cut cave temples and structural temples built in Badami, Aihole and Pattadakal are described in detail, highlighting their structural features. Subsequently, it covers the later Hoysala architecture of the 11th-13th centuries, including examples like the Chennakesava Temple in Belur. In the south, it characterizes Dravidian architecture as having trabeated construction, courtyards and gopurams, with an emphasis on
8 - ROMANESQUE
Romanesque architecture developed in Europe between the 11th and 12th centuries, retaining basic features of Roman architecture. It was characterized by thick walls, rounded arches, sturdy piers, groin vaults, and large towers. Romanesque art and architecture were influenced by Byzantine styles and featured carvings, stained glass windows, and illuminated manuscripts. Significant Romanesque buildings included Cluny Abbey in France, with its long nave and additive design, and Durham Cathedral in England, where the pointed arch was first used successfully as a structural element.
lecture
Ancient Egyptian architecture is characterized by massive structures made of stone and mud bricks. The most prominent examples are pyramids and temples along the Nile River. Karnak Temple complex is one of the largest religious sites, consisting of four main precincts dedicated to different gods like Amun-Re, Mut, and Montu. Construction began in the 16th century BC and continued for many pharaohs, resulting in large structures like the hypostyle hall. The key architectural features include thick walls, columns, hieroglyphic carvings, and religious artwork.
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Lecture 3 rock & cave churchs of Tigray
- 1. Examples
- 3. 1.Medhanealem Adi Kesho • One of the earliest church in rock • Except for a single arch leading towards the sanctuary, which is crowned with a dome, it is entirely linteled • Ceilings above the high nave and the aisles are flat and decorated with imitations of wooden paneling Tigraian Churches
- 5. 2. Wukro Maryam(Enda Maryam, Wukro) • Located about 25km. in a straight line to the southwest of Adigrat • Constructed probably within the period of 1100-1310 A.D. • Its plan is Basilica type with the nave rising much higher than the aisles. • It is 23m at its longest side and 9m at its highest point
- 9. 3. Abreha wa Atsbeha Later extension
- 13. LALIBELA A city carved from legend
- 14. The churches and chapels in Lalibela are of three groups
- 15. Rock churches in Lasta Lalibela First group (symbolize earthly Jerusalem) • Bete Medahane Alem (House of the holly savior) • Bete Maryam (House of Mary) • Bete Meskel (House of the cross) • Bete Denagel (House of the virgins) • Bete Golegota & Bete Debresina
- 16. Rock churches in Lasta Lalibela Second group (symbolize Heavenly Jerusalem) • Bete Amanuel (House of Emanuel) • Bete Merkorios (House of St. Merkorios) • Bete Aba Libanos (House of Father Libanos) • Bete Gebriel - Rufael (House of Gebriel Rufael ) Third group (symbolize NOAH’S ark’) • Bete Giorgis
- 17. First group
- 18. Group - 1 Churches /Earthly Jerusalem/ Bete Medhanealem
- 22. Bete Mariam
- 23. Bete Mariam
- 27. Adam’s tomb Bete Denagel Bete Meskel
- 29. Second group
- 30. Group - 2 Churches /heavenly Jerusalem/ Bete Merkorios
- 31. Bete Abalibanos
- 33. Bete Amanuel
- 35. Group 3 - The symbol of Noah’s ark Bete Ghiorgis
- 38. Third group
- 39. Tunnels and passage ways connecting the churches