The document summarizes Bengal provincial architecture from the 13th to 16th centuries. It describes how Arab invaders introduced Islamic architecture to the region in the 13th century, using local materials like brick. Key phases and structures are discussed, including the Adina Mosque built in the 14th century, and the Eklakhi Tomb which served as a prototype. Other important mosques from different time periods like the Tantipara and Bara Sona mosques are outlined. The document provides an overview of the evolution of architectural styles in Bengal as Islamic influences integrated with local building traditions.
TOMB OF SIKANDER LODHI | MAUSOLEUM OF SIKANDER LODImanoj chauhan
MAUSOLEUM OF SIKANDER LODI
The lodhi dynasty (or lodhi) was An afghan dynasty that ruled
The delhi sultanate from 1451 to 1526.
It was the last dynasty of The delhi sultanate and was founded by bahlul khan
Lodi when he replaced Dynasty.
Indo-Islamic architecture is the use of Hindu and Islamic elements in combination.
The trend begun when Hindu artisans were forced to create Islamic structures for the Delhi Sultans who having arrived in India on conquest and plunder lacked artisans and architects.
Under later dynasties, Islamic immigrants trickling into the realm (and in greater numbers during the Mongol invasion of the Middle East) added to the talent pool with newer ideas and authentic Middle Eastern styles.
The mix of styles and use of elements gradually evolved overtime reaching its pinnacle under the Mughals.
The mausoleum of Sikandar Lodi is taken to be the first of the garden mausoleums built in the sub continent.
Inspired in parts by Muhammad Shah’s Mausoleum situated a little distance away, its most visibly distinguishing feature is its octagonal plan and garden inside.
Out of the two types of tombs constructed during the period, the octagonal design appear to be associated with royalty than the more numerous square type.
The tomb was an innovation in mausoleum complexes built during the reign of the Delhi Sultanates.
Enclosed within a raised fortified complex, with two dome shaped Chattris (umbrella shaped domes) at the main entrance, the octagonal mausoleum sits in the middle of a large garden.
The housing space is ringed by a wide veranda with lightly carved pillars placed at measured intervals.
Crowning the head of the mausoleum is a single dome with a lotus finial at the top. The interior is ornamented with tiles beneath which is a single tomb.
The compound outside has an open air mosque built into the western wall with a paved platform for holy men to offer prayers for the soul of the sultan.
Lecture 07: Islamic Architecture in India_Tughlaq DynastyKowshik Roy
This is a class lecture on Islamic Architecture in India. Architecture of Tughlaq Dynasty has covered in this lecture.
Course Title: Architectural Heritage-IV
Architecture Discipline,
Khulna University, Khulna
Detailed study on trabeated structures through ages, working mechanism , case and literature studies and analysis.
--- Amity school of architecture and planning, 3rd year
Islamic Architecture in India: Imperial styleAr. TANIA BERA
The earliest appearance of Islamic architecture in India is referred to as the Imperial style. Indo-Islamic architecture may be divided into few phases starting from the twelfth century to sixteenth century. The sultanate of Delhi was undergone the regular change as five dynasties rose & fell; namely Slave dynasty, Khalji dynasty, Tughluq dynasty, Sayyid & Lodi dynasty.
EXPLANANTION OF PROVICIAL STYLE OF ARCHITECTURE.
TOPIC COVERED ARE:
1 KAMAL MAULA MASJID
2 JAMI MASJID
3 HOSHANG SHAH’S TOMB
4 HINDOLA MAHAL
5 JAHAZ MAHAL
A new style of architecture was flourished in India; called the Indo-Islamic architecture which is an amalgamation of Islamic and Hindu Style. As per Islamic philosophy, the worship is performed as congregational prayer in mosques and construction of tomb was followed for burial purpose; the fort and palaces were also part of this style of architecture. Islamic architecture focuses architectural elements, decoration, spiritual foundations, and construction materials.
Islamic Architecture in India- Imperial styleAngel Roselin
IMPERIAL STYLE 1191 – 1557 CE
• The earliest appearance of Islamic architecture in India is referred to as the imperial style.
The style of this period is also called the early Indo-Islamic style.
• The existing buildings were converted into mosques with the elements of ruins from Hindu
temples.
“A mix of Indian and Arabic style of architecture emerged and developed into a peerless form of art and architecture.”
• Islamic Architecture - Imperial style 1: Classification of Islamic architecture in Indian, religious
and secular typologies of Islamic architecture | Examples under imperial style; slave dynasty -
Qutb Complex, Quwwat –ul-islam mosque, Qutbminar. | Khalji dynasty -Alai Darwaza at Delhi
(concept of squinch arches)
• Islamic Architecture - Imperial style 2: Tughlaq dynasty - Tomb of Ghiasuddin Tughlaq, Khirki
masjid | Sayyid dynasty – Tomb of Mubarak Sayyid | Lodi dynasty – Tomb of Sikanderlodi
TOMB OF SIKANDER LODHI | MAUSOLEUM OF SIKANDER LODImanoj chauhan
MAUSOLEUM OF SIKANDER LODI
The lodhi dynasty (or lodhi) was An afghan dynasty that ruled
The delhi sultanate from 1451 to 1526.
It was the last dynasty of The delhi sultanate and was founded by bahlul khan
Lodi when he replaced Dynasty.
Indo-Islamic architecture is the use of Hindu and Islamic elements in combination.
The trend begun when Hindu artisans were forced to create Islamic structures for the Delhi Sultans who having arrived in India on conquest and plunder lacked artisans and architects.
Under later dynasties, Islamic immigrants trickling into the realm (and in greater numbers during the Mongol invasion of the Middle East) added to the talent pool with newer ideas and authentic Middle Eastern styles.
The mix of styles and use of elements gradually evolved overtime reaching its pinnacle under the Mughals.
The mausoleum of Sikandar Lodi is taken to be the first of the garden mausoleums built in the sub continent.
Inspired in parts by Muhammad Shah’s Mausoleum situated a little distance away, its most visibly distinguishing feature is its octagonal plan and garden inside.
Out of the two types of tombs constructed during the period, the octagonal design appear to be associated with royalty than the more numerous square type.
The tomb was an innovation in mausoleum complexes built during the reign of the Delhi Sultanates.
Enclosed within a raised fortified complex, with two dome shaped Chattris (umbrella shaped domes) at the main entrance, the octagonal mausoleum sits in the middle of a large garden.
The housing space is ringed by a wide veranda with lightly carved pillars placed at measured intervals.
Crowning the head of the mausoleum is a single dome with a lotus finial at the top. The interior is ornamented with tiles beneath which is a single tomb.
The compound outside has an open air mosque built into the western wall with a paved platform for holy men to offer prayers for the soul of the sultan.
Lecture 07: Islamic Architecture in India_Tughlaq DynastyKowshik Roy
This is a class lecture on Islamic Architecture in India. Architecture of Tughlaq Dynasty has covered in this lecture.
Course Title: Architectural Heritage-IV
Architecture Discipline,
Khulna University, Khulna
Detailed study on trabeated structures through ages, working mechanism , case and literature studies and analysis.
--- Amity school of architecture and planning, 3rd year
Islamic Architecture in India: Imperial styleAr. TANIA BERA
The earliest appearance of Islamic architecture in India is referred to as the Imperial style. Indo-Islamic architecture may be divided into few phases starting from the twelfth century to sixteenth century. The sultanate of Delhi was undergone the regular change as five dynasties rose & fell; namely Slave dynasty, Khalji dynasty, Tughluq dynasty, Sayyid & Lodi dynasty.
EXPLANANTION OF PROVICIAL STYLE OF ARCHITECTURE.
TOPIC COVERED ARE:
1 KAMAL MAULA MASJID
2 JAMI MASJID
3 HOSHANG SHAH’S TOMB
4 HINDOLA MAHAL
5 JAHAZ MAHAL
A new style of architecture was flourished in India; called the Indo-Islamic architecture which is an amalgamation of Islamic and Hindu Style. As per Islamic philosophy, the worship is performed as congregational prayer in mosques and construction of tomb was followed for burial purpose; the fort and palaces were also part of this style of architecture. Islamic architecture focuses architectural elements, decoration, spiritual foundations, and construction materials.
Islamic Architecture in India- Imperial styleAngel Roselin
IMPERIAL STYLE 1191 – 1557 CE
• The earliest appearance of Islamic architecture in India is referred to as the imperial style.
The style of this period is also called the early Indo-Islamic style.
• The existing buildings were converted into mosques with the elements of ruins from Hindu
temples.
“A mix of Indian and Arabic style of architecture emerged and developed into a peerless form of art and architecture.”
• Islamic Architecture - Imperial style 1: Classification of Islamic architecture in Indian, religious
and secular typologies of Islamic architecture | Examples under imperial style; slave dynasty -
Qutb Complex, Quwwat –ul-islam mosque, Qutbminar. | Khalji dynasty -Alai Darwaza at Delhi
(concept of squinch arches)
• Islamic Architecture - Imperial style 2: Tughlaq dynasty - Tomb of Ghiasuddin Tughlaq, Khirki
masjid | Sayyid dynasty – Tomb of Mubarak Sayyid | Lodi dynasty – Tomb of Sikanderlodi
An introduction to locative stories given at the StoryPlaces writers workshop held near Crystal Palace on Apr 22nd, 2017. It includes a storyboard of how to use the StoryPlaces authoring tool.
Architecture After the Industrial Revolutionnichols4
From the Chrystal Palace in London and the Eiffel Tower in Paris to the sky scrapers of New York and Frank Lloyd Wright's Falling Water, we'll explore some foundational movements in architecture in the last 150 years.
COMMON INTERPRETATIONS OF ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE
D
OME OF ROCK , JERUSALAM
•
G
REAT MOSQUE OF SAMARA AND CORODB DB A
•
UMMAYAD MOSQUE (GRAND MOSQUE OF DAMASCUS)
•
MADRASSA
•
MADRASSA OF SULTAN
The Baba Adam mosque is the only
surviving example in the ancient Hindu
settlement of Rampal Upazila in the
district Munshiganj, far away from the
old capital Gaur.
The mosque, though renovated, is in a
seemingly good state of conservation.
It is named after a locally famous saint
Baba Adam, who died in a holy war
against a local Hindu Raja. According
to the local legend, he was buried near
the mosque is a simple unadorned
graveyard. According to an inscription
fixed above the central entrance, the
the mosque was built in 888/1483-84 by
the Malik Kafur during the reign of
Sultan Jalal al-din Fath Shah (Ahmad
1960:118).
Sultani/Pre-Mughal (12th-15 AD)
Mosque & History of Islamic Architecture in KeralaChandana R
MOSQUE/ Mosque Typology/ Common features/ History of Islam in Kerala/ Traditional Mosque in Kerala/ Cheraman Juma Masjid and Architectural Features/ Palayam Palli/ Vavar Masjid
Byzantine architecture is the architecture of the Byzantine Empire, or Eastern Roman Empire. The Byzantine era is usually dated from 330 AD, when Constantine the Great moved the Roman capital to Byzantium, which became Constantinople, until the fall of the Byzantine Empire in 1453.
Islamic architecture captivates people for several reasons:
Intricate Design: Islamic architecture is renowned for its intricate and elaborate designs, characterized by geometric patterns, arabesques, and calligraphy. These designs often adorn mosques, palaces, and other structures, creating visually stunning environments.
Spiritual Significance: Many are drawn to the spiritual symbolism embedded in Islamic architecture, especially in mosques. The grandeur of these buildings often evokes a sense of awe and reverence, providing a space for worship and reflection.
Cultural Heritage: Islamic architecture reflects the rich cultural heritage of various regions across the Islamic world, spanning from Spain to Southeast Asia. Its diversity showcases the amalgamation of different architectural styles, influenced by local traditions and historical contexts.
Innovation and Engineering: Islamic architects have been pioneers in various architectural innovations, including the development of geometric principles and advanced construction techniques. The soaring domes, intricate arches, and towering minarets demonstrate their mastery of engineering and design.
Timelessness: Islamic architecture has stood the test of time, with many structures dating back centuries yet still retaining their beauty and functionality. This timelessness speaks to the enduring appeal and significance of Islamic architectural principles.
Overall, Islamic architecture continues to fascinate people worldwide, serving as a testament to the ingenuity, creativity, and cultural richness of the Islamic civilization.
Jama masjid is the largest mosque in India.
Originally called Masjid-i-Jahanuma, or "mosque commanding view of the world“.
It was based on the plan and design of Ostad Khalil .
It can be called as the replica of Moti Masjid in Agra.
It is one of the finest mosque in the world.
It is a congregational mosque.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
2. BENGAL PROVINCIAL ARCHITECTURE
•Bengal was established in 1203-1573 AD.
•In the 13TH century Arabs invaded the Bengal province
and introduced their architecture for the first time in this
region.
•The strategic center was at the junction of the Ganga and
Mahananda now comprising the malda district.
•Two major capitals of Mohammedan were Gaur and
Pandua.
•These Muslim rulers constructed several new cities
fortresses, palaces, free-standing victory-towers, citadels,
immense land bridges and embankments, etc in this
province that included present day Bangladesh and West
Bengal in India.
•They created the buildings with the locally available
building materials combining the regional styles with the
typical Muslim features such as domes, arches, the
minaret and the mihrab.
•This amalgamation resulted into a new and improved
technique named as Indo-Islamic architecture, enriched
with regional building tradition in Bengal.
Three phases of islamic building art of bengal:
•Period extending from 1st conquest of country and while
the capital was at gaur until it was moved to pandua from
1200-1340 AD.
•From the date when the capital was established at
pandua until the building of the eklakhi tomb-1340-1430
AD.
•During the period from the date of the retransfer of the
capital to gaur until the country was acquired by mughals.-
1442 to 1576 AD
3. 1st Phase(1200-1340 AD)
• Mohammedans first established themselves at tribeni then pressed inland occupying area included within
present districts of hugli and burdwan.
• The lack of building stone in Bengal meant that most construction was carried out in brick, of which there
was an abundant supply, and this meant that no building was possible using the usual column-beam
construction so characteristic of early Islamic structures..
• Pillars were made of basalt.
• Brick thus lends Bengal architecture a style which is distinct, with its pointed arches and finishes so
different from those in stone.
• Mosques made by dismantling the temples and using their materials.
• Quadrangular plan of mosque with a central courtyard surrounded by covered arched aisles.
• Multidomed mosque.
• The buildings consisting of mosque,tombs and victory tower are almost in a ruined and damaged state.
4. 2nd Phase(1340-1430 AD)
• Mosque became larger in size
• Entry not from east but from SE in Adina
• New chapel- badhshah ka takht added in Adina
• Mihrabs were made in great no.
• Mihrabs are slight adaptation of type of niche found at
ancient hindu sites of shrines in bengal.
• Upper part of building was of brick,substructure of façade composed of finely prepared
basalt masonary.
• Small domes raised over each bay supported by pendentives.These pendentives were
formed of brick built in oversailing courses. Bricks in each course were se diagonally
so that their corners project.
5. ADINA MASJID
• Adina Mosque was constructed in the 14th century in medieval period by
SikandarShah.
•The most striking aspect of its construction is the existence of Hindu influence.
•It was constructed after obliterating and super-imposing upon a Hindu construction,
•Whole structure measures
507 ft x 285 ft.
Main entrance through 3
archways at SE corner.
Façade was a rectangular screen
of 50ft x 60 ft
3 bay deep aisle on north, east and south.
5 bay deep aisle on west side. High vaulted sanctuary on the western side.
Open central Courtyard measures 400 ft x 130 ft.
Total 260 pillars within
the structure.
Screen of 88 arches form a regular façade around the interior.
They are surmounted by a parapet 22 ft in height
Domes one over each bay amounting to 306 in all.
•Plan of adina mosque
•West sanctuary of mosque
Central nave of the sanctuary is in the form of a well proportioned
hall aligned east and west earlier had a barrel vault.
In length it is 70 ft and 34 ft across while height from the
paved floor to ridge of its pointed roof was probably 50 ft.
6. To the upper storey is a compartment imposed on the northern
aisles of the sanctuary – Badshah-ka- Takht a private chapel for
king and ladies of royal household
Graceful fluted shafts,
expanding lotus capitals
Range of arches
carried by pillars.
Within this royal chapel and all along the inner face of the western wall,
alcoves containing mihrab 32 in no. have been inserted ,one opposite the
center of each bay, all exquisitely designed and sculptured.
Mihrab
The pillars are somewhat short ponderous piers,
abnormally thick, square above and below and
surmount by massive bracket capitals.
Badshah-ka- Takht
Alcoves containing mihrab
Trefoil arch alcove
Rectangular framework
Recess panelled with hanging
lamp of light motif of islam
7. 3rd Phase(1442-1576 AD)
• Structures were built in more moderate proportions.
• Structures adapted to indeginous conditions observed from the use of vertical and upright
lines and mouldingsthus presenting a naively elementary pattern of rectangles.
• Structures had influence of Soil of the terraqueous and deltaic region of Bengal.
• Climate of bengal was another factor for the change in
style.Curved roof form, no doubt derived from its bent
bamboo predecessor to throw off the excess of water during
the heavy rainy season was adopted.
• Buildings became more elaborated, modified and enlarged
according to their functional requirements.
• Traditional courtyard plan was discarded,closed in or covered hall was adopted sometimes
fronted by an open square due to eavy and incessant rainy seasons.
• Long and somewhat low façade.
• Façade divided by string courses.
• Vaulted ceiling were carved in rich relief decorations
• Octagonal turrets terminating in a finial project at each corner.
• Glazed tiles used in patterns.
• Appearances were more inventive and original.
8. EKLAKHI TOMB (1425 A.D)
• Built by Sultan Jalal-ud-din Mohammed Shah (A.D 1414-31) in Pandua.
• Situated in south-west of Adina Mosque.
• Important because of three reasons:-
1. It is a structure of marked architectural character in itself.
2. It forms the evolutional landmark as it is the initial building of its kind.
3. It is the prototype of most of the subsequent Islamic architecture of Bengal. Cornice Hemispherical dome Turrets
P
Stone Doorways
25ft
75ft 25ft
75ft
75ft
75ft
PLAN EKLAKHI TOMB
• Four stone doorway torn bodily from Hindu temple.
• The Pointed arches with lintels crowning the doorjambs span the doorways, a feature derived from the original Hindu temples through
architectural style of Tuglaq Dynasty.
• Light in the octagonal hall (47ft wide) is being admitted through these doorways as there is no windows or openings in the hall.
• The jambs and the lintels are marked by carved Hindu deities that of the lintel of the southern entrance being the figure of Lord Vishnu, and of
the Jambs those of Dvarpal, a proof of their appropriation from Hindu temples.
• A peculiar feature of the inner spacious room is its four alcoves built at the corners, is often taken as cells for readers of holy Quran.
Octagonal Hall
Octagonal Turrets
9. Eklakhi Tomb Exterior
Terracotta mouldings Moulding on Turrets
The dome (46ft dia) of
this mosque, like all
other domes of the
Sultanate Bengal,
appears to be covered
with a round rim in
the form of a Harmica
a Buddhist feature. The
hemispherical dome is
in fact very much in the
shape of the domes of
the Great Stupas.
The interior of the dome
was once ornamented
with plaster
The ornamentation of
the Eklakhi Masjid or
mosque consists
of braced string
mouldings of the
corner towers, a
divider moulding of
the whole external
appearance, and the
cornice mouldings in
three tiers beside the
terracotta plaques in
panels underneath
now broken
imitated from the
designs of the Adina
Mosque.
10. DAKHIL DARWAJA
GAUR.DIST.MALDAH
• This impressive gateway built of bricks was probably built by Sultan barbak shah(c.1459-74 AD) in 1465 AD and served as the main
entrance on north into citadel of gaur.
• It was also called ‘Salami gate’ as salutes were fired from its side, built as a triumphal arch
• The gate way represent the height of excellance that the brick masons of Bengal were capable of achieving.
• The archway which is 10.35 m high up to apex of the pointed arch is flanked by pylons.
• The arch way between the two pylons provides a deep and wide practico containing the arched opening
• Intermingling of islamic thought and regional characterstics feactures.
Façade of the gate way measure 73’4”
in breadth and rises to a height of 60’
Pylon like buttress one
on each side of the frontage
Beautiful terracotta ornamentation
as flaming suns,hanging lamps
Rounded bastion at corner
built to taper and surmounted
by rounded cupolas
Vaulted Passage 4.5 m wide through middle.
22.5 m
102.5 m
Gaurd room on each side measuring
22.7 m by 2.9 mentrered through
4 entrances and have 2 exits.
11. TANTIPARA MASJID (1475 A.D.)
• Probably built by Mirshad Khan in 1475 AD in Gaur.
• The word “tanti” in Bengali means weaver and the mosque must have got its name for a settlement of weavers in the area.
• Five pointed archways connected by string-course of a slighter curve than the cornice above, divides it longitudinally into equal two parts.
• The arches being occupied by an upright panel containing an ornamental arch surrounded by delicate floral patterns, all in terra-cotta
relief.
• The interior consists of a fine hall measuring 76ft long and 31ft wide, and is divided into aisles by stone pillars of the square and
chamfered variety originally part of Hindu temple.
• To the East of the mosque are two tombs, which probably contain the remains of Mirshad Khan, who had the mosque built, and his
daughter.
Stone pillars
5 Pointed Archways
Domes 91 feet by 44ft
collapsed in Earthquake.
6 ½ feet thick walls
71ft
44ft
PLAN
12. TANTIPURA MASJID
ARCHWAYS WITH UPRIGHT PANELS FLORAL PATTERN DECORATION TERRACOTTA ORNAMENTAION
The outer
faces are
ornamented
with flowered
borders, each
panel being
decorated with
a pointed arch,
under which
the usual bell
shaped
ornament
suspended
from a long
chain.
• Faced with
bold floral
panels and
originally
covered with
ten domes,
which have
now fallen.
• The interior
contains
terracotta
panels with
beautiful
vegetative
patterns.
13. •Erected possibly by Sultan ‘Yusuf shah’ in 1475 AD.This brick built mosque(damaged) is
resting on stone pillars up to height of springing point of its single dome.
•The verandah in front noted for use of glazed tiles lending a graceful appearances.
•This mosque name is possibly name after the chamkatti community.
•It is single dome square mosque,built of bricks.
•Its interior show stone facing,specially at the lower course.
•The square prayer hall,which measures 7.20m a side internally,
•Five entrances
•The method adopted is simple, instead of turning the square into an octagon, they use eight
stone pillars; one at each angle of the octagon and on them rested the arches and the
squinches, which support the dome.
Chamkatti masjid
GAUR.DIST.MALDAH
interior square
Prayer hall.
verandah
three arched entrances
Large hemispherical dome
covering Hall carried on
squinched and further
supported by stone pillars.
Entrance one each in
north and south
Single mihrab in west wall, which is
gracefully decorated with different types
of floral motifs, chain and well
motifs also noticed.
stone pillars one at
each angle of the octagon
14. • The Bara Sona Majid (literally, "large golden mosque") was built
in 1526 AD by Sultan Nusrat Shah (r. ca. 1519–1532).
• It is the largest building still standing in Gaur, a ruined city on
the border of India and Bangladesh.
• It sits at the western side of a raised quadrangle, with eleven
arched openings facing an entrance gateway and a lake.
• Gateways to the east and north remain, forming an open
entrance courtyard of 200 ft diameter.
• Forty-four small domes covered the interior.
• The verandah leads to a prayer hall of three by eleven bays. The
mosque is built of brick, faced in plain stone with no carvings .
• Parapet is 20 ft high
Bara sona masjid
West sactuary plan of masjid
Series of 11
pointed arches.
76 ft
168 ft
Mihrab opposite each bay
Domes covering
a verandah to the
front of the building
remain
West sactuary
Verandah leading to
prayer hall
Interior view of west sanctuary having aisles of arches
15. General view of entrance courtyard from the south
Elevated view of the ruined musalla, showing
remains of stone pillars that once supported domes
Eastern (interior) wall of the ruined musalla,
with marks of fallen domes
Mosque Two extant
entrance gates
East gateway
Interior roof of the mosque
16. References-
•Percy Brown .Indian Architecture: Islamic Period.Kiran book Agency,Delhi.132pp
•http://www.historyofbengal.com/Maldah_article.html
•www.history of bengal.com Chandraketugarh Exclusive Articles.htm
•www.the Concrete Paparazzi Pandua (Malda) Ruins of a Former Capital.htm
•www.Eklakhi Mausoleum, Malda.htm
•www.Eklakhi Mausoleum Malda West Bengal & It's History.htm
•www.Brick and Bamboo at Bengal by Ashish Nangia.htm
•www.the Concrete Paparazzi Pandua (Malda) Ruins of a Former Capital.htm
•http://archnet.org/sites/8507/media_contents/91130