Lesson on the different ways of citing sources to avoid plagiarism crime. Reasons also for citing sources are discussed for learners further knowledge. iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii

1. Using Conventions in Citing
Sources

2. • define citation
• give the importance
of citing sources
• discuss APA
citation format
• use conventions in
citing sources

5. CITATION
Citation is a reference to the source of the
information you used in your written
work. This is your way of telling your readers
that certain part of your work came from
another source.

6. REASONS FOR
CITATION
A. To avoid plagiarism;
B. To acknowledge the real author;
C. To denote credibility of your work;
D. To allow readers to access and easily
locate sources.

7. What are the conventions in citing
sources?
 The Modern Language Association (MLA) citation style is
used for humanities like English, History, and Drama.
 The Chicago Manual of Style (CMOS) is used in business,
history, and fine arts.
 The American Psychological Association (APA) citation style
is used mainly in the social sciences, like psychology,
anthropology, sociology, as well as education.

8. The American Psychological
Association (APA)
citation style is frequently used by writers for
documenting sources used in a research paper. This
style requires two elements for citing outside
sources:
1. parenthetical and in-text citation
2. references list or bibliography

9. In-text citation
-the source is included in your text containing
the information from other sources which are
copied either word-for-word or paraphrased
(stating in your own words but same idea)
Example: Briones (2020) said that education
cannot be postponed until the situation will
return to normal.

10. Parenthetical
Citation
-the source is enclosed in parenthesis to
separate it from the text
Example: “Education cannot wait for the
situation to return to normal.” (Briones,
2020, p 14)

11. References List or
Bibliography
is written in a separate sheet, usually on the
last page. The reference list page is the full
information for any in-text citations found in
the body of the project. Entries are the names
of the author, titles of books, periodicals, and
websites used by the writer or researcher.

12. How to write a
bibliography using
the APA format?

13. 1. Print Sources
a. Booksare the most common and reliable source of
information.The bibliography follows this pattern. Period (.)
separates the entries and the title of book is italicized, and
following lines are indented.
- Author’s last name, Author’s Initial of First Name.
(Publication Year). Title. Publisher’s City: Publisher. Page
Numbers.
Amado, C. (2001) Philippine Education: New Normal. Quezon
City: LU Press. pp. 200-222.

14. For books with four or more authors, write
the name of the first author only followed by
et.al. which means and others
Carlos Amado, et.al. (2001) Philippine
Education: New Normal. Quezon City: LU
Press. Pp. 200-222.

15. Journals
are scholarly published periodicals containing articles
written by researchers and other experts.
The basics of a Reference List entry for a journal article:
-Author or authors. The surname is followed by first initials.
-Year of publication of the article.
-Article title (in single inverted commas).
-Journal title (in italics).
-Volume of journal.
-Issue number of journal.
-Page range of article

16. Miranda, I. (2020) ‘Modular Learning in Public Schools.’
Philippine Educational Journal. 10 no.2. 22-31.
Journals

17. Online Sources
a. Website- a set of related web pages located under a single
domain name, typically produced by a single person or
organization. Notable examples are wikipedia.org, google.com,
and amazon.com.
The entries for webpage with individual author:
Format:
Last Name, First Name Initial. (Year, Month Date). Title of
page. Site name. URL

18. Price, D. (2018, March 23). Laziness does not
exist. Medium.
https://humanparts.medium.com/laziness-
does-not_x0002_exist-3af27e312d01
Example

19. If the page's author is not listed, start with the title
instead. Also, include a retrieval date when the page's
content is likely to change over time.
Format: Title of page. (Year, Month Date). Site name.
Retrieved Month
Date, Year, from URL
Tuscan white bean pasta. (2018, February 25).Budgetbytes.
Retrieved March 18, 2020, from https://www.budgetbytes.
com/tuscan-white-bean-pasta/Wikipedia article

20. b. E-books. These are books read in the computer
or other electronic devices. They are cited exactly
as a printed book with the addition of URL at the
end.
Format: Author’s last name, First initial. (Year).
Title of the book.
Publisher. URL.