Laminar and turbulent flow and reynolds number
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In fluid dynamics, laminar flow is characterized by fluid particles following smooth paths in layers, with each layer moving smoothly past the adjacent layers with little or no mixing. At low velocities, the fluid tends to flow without lateral mixing, and adjacent layers slide past one another like playing cards.
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This document defines fluid flow and mass transfer. It discusses laminar and turbulent fluid flow, defined by Reynolds number. Laminar flow occurs at low Reynolds numbers (<2000) while turbulent flow is at high Reynolds numbers (>4000). The document also defines boundary layers that form along surfaces due to viscosity. Mass transfer is the movement of mass between locations, like dissolution. Mass transfer occurs through molecular diffusion within boundary layers and bulk movement beyond. Equations are provided to model mass transfer rates between solids, liquids, and gases. Unit operations like dissolution are influenced by factors like agitation that impact boundary layers and mass transfer.
Raynolds number
This document discusses fluid dynamics and different types of fluid flow. It defines laminar flow as fluid particles moving in layers without exchanging positions, while turbulent flow occurs when the velocity increases enough to cause mixing of particles. The critical velocity is when the flow changes from laminar to turbulent. Reynolds number is used to characterize this, depending on pipe diameter, fluid velocity, density, and viscosity. A Reynolds number below 2000 indicates laminar flow, above 4000 is turbulent, and between indicates a transition between the two. The identification of flow types is important for manufacturing dosage forms and drug administration.
Fluid flow and measurement
This document discusses fluid flow, including definitions, types of flow, and factors affecting flow. It defines laminar and turbulent flow, and notes laminar flow is smooth while turbulent flow is disorganized. Pressure, radius, length, viscosity, density, and temperature can impact flow. Clinical applications of flow include devices like rotameters and measurements of breathing.
Fluid kinematics
This document discusses fluid kinematics, which is the branch of fluid mechanics that deals with the geometry of motion of fluids without considering forces or energies. It describes Lagrangian and Eulerian methods for describing fluid motion, defines types of flow such as laminar, turbulent, steady, and unsteady. It also discusses concepts like acceleration fields, circulation, vorticity, streamlines, pathlines, streaklines, stream functions, and velocity potential functions. Flow nets, which use a grid of streamlines and equipotential lines, are introduced as a way to study two-dimensional irrotational flows.
Fluid mechanics-ppt
This document discusses fluid mechanics and its various branches and concepts. It begins by defining mechanics, statics, dynamics, and fluid mechanics. It then discusses specific types of fluid mechanics like hydrodynamics, hydraulics, gas dynamics, and aerodynamics. It also discusses classifications of fluid flow such as viscous vs inviscid flow, internal vs external flow, and compressible vs incompressible flow. Finally, it covers key concepts like laminar vs turbulent flow, steady vs unsteady flow, and dimensional flows.
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Laminar and turbulent flow and reynolds number
- 1. Laminar Flow and Turbulent Flow PREPARED BY ATHEENA PANDI AN
- 2. The definition of a flow is an act of moving or running smoothly, a movement of water or the continuous moving of ideas, stories, etc Flow
- 3. When a fluid is flowing through a closed channel such as a pipe or between two flat plates, either of two types of flow may occur depending on the velocity and viscosity of the fluid: laminar flow or turbulent flow. Two Fluids
- 4. Laminar Flow The flow of a fluid when each particle of the fluid follows a smooth path, paths which never interfere with one another. One result of laminar flow is that the velocity of the fluid is constant at any point in the fluid.
- 5. Laminar Flow
- 6. It is a type of fluid (gas or liquid) flow in which the fluid undergoes irregular fluctuations, or mixing Turbulent flow
- 9. It is an important dimensionless quantity in fluid mechanics used to help predict flow patterns in different fluid flow situations. Reynolds number (Re)
- 10. At low Reynolds numbers, flows tend to be dominated by laminar (sheet-like) flow, while at high Reynolds numbers turbulence results from differences in the fluid's speed and direction Laminar or Turbulent
- 12. Thank YOu