1. PRESENTATION ON
T Y P E S O F F L U I D S
•T U R B U L E N T
•L A M I N A R
•T R A N S I T I O N A L
PRESENTED BY
FAHEEM
PRESENTED TO
D R . Z A F A R B A L O C H
Baluchistan University of Information Technology
Engineering And Management Sciences
2. Types of flow
There are three main types flow:
Turbulent.
Laminar.
Translational.
3. Turbulent flow
It is type of flow in which fluid undergoes irregular fluctuations or
mixing.
o It is characterized by chaotic changes in pressure and flow velocity.
In turbulent flow the particles are exchanged from one layer to
other.
o In turbulent flow the speed of the fluid at a point continuously
changes both in magnitude and direction.
o Mostly, when the flow rate increases abruptly the flow changes from
laminar to turbulent. The velocity at which the fluid changes from
laminar to turbulent flow is called “critical velocity”.
o Turbulent flows tend to occur at higher velocities and low viscosity.
o Examples are lava flow and ocean currents etc.
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4. Laminar flow
It is the type of flow In which the fluid particles move in layers.
o In laminar flow the layers slide over each other and there is no
exchange of particles from one layer to other. The fluid particles
move along well defined paths or streamline.
o One important factor in determining the state of fluid’s flow is its
viscosity, where higher viscosity increases the tendency of the flow
to be laminar.
o Laminar flow is generally referred to as smooth fluid motion, in
which any induced perturbations are damped out due to the
relatively strong viscous forces.
o Laminar flow is desirable in many situations, such as drainage
systems or airplane wings, because it is more efficient and less
energy is lost.
5. Transitional Flow.
Transitional flow is a mixture of laminar and turbulent
flow. Here, the flow transits between laminar and
turbulent.
o In most of the cases, there is turbulence in the center of
the pipe, and laminar flow near the edges.
o Each of these flows behave in different manners in
terms of their frictional energy loss while flowing and
have different equations that predict their behavior.
