L2 shearing and bending of metals.pptx
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Sheet metalworking involves cutting and forming relatively thin sheets of metal through operations like shearing, bending, drawing, and punching. Common sheet metal products include components for automobiles, airplanes, appliances, and more. Key sheet metal processes are cutting to separate or make holes in sheets, bending to strain around an axis, and drawing to form convex or concave shapes. Progressive and compound dies allow multiple operations to be performed in a single press stroke for efficient mass production of parts.
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This document provides an overview of various sheet metal forming processes. It begins with an introduction to shearing, which involves applying shear stress between a punch and die to cut sheet metal. Key shearing operations like punching, blanking, and progressive dies are described. Other forming methods discussed include bending, deep drawing, stretch forming, spinning, explosive forming, and super plastic forming. Process parameters, equipment, advantages, limitations, and examples of parts made for each technique are summarized. The document provides a comprehensive reference on the different ways sheet metal can be shaped and fabricated.
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The document discusses the design and fabrication of a horizontal hydraulic embossing machine. The proposed machine aims to address issues with the current embossing process such as high setup times, long cycle times, and high costs. It allows embossing of three strip sections simultaneously in one cycle through the use of hydraulic cylinders and rollers. This is expected to significantly reduce cycle times from 45 minutes to 15 minutes, lowering costs and improving productivity over the current method of using separate press tools. The machine design and calculations for components like cylinders, columns, and structural parts are presented in detail.
Ch1 mp1
- Cutting involves removing material from a workpiece through chip formation using a cutting tool. There are different types of cutting processes like turning, cutting-off, milling.
- Factors like cutting speed, depth of cut, tool geometry influence chip formation and cutting forces. Continuous, built-up edge, discontinuous chips can form depending on materials and conditions.
- Chip formation involves shear along a shear plane determined by tool geometry. Temperature rises significantly in the cutting zone and influences tool wear.
- Tool wear modes include flank wear and crater wear. Tool life is determined by maximum acceptable wear or catastrophic failure like chipping. Cutting forces are measured to analyze effects of parameters.
Metal cutting by engr Rehan zeb khan Bajaur
Material removal processes involve using tools to remove material from a workpiece to achieve a desired shape. There are three main categories: machining, abrasive processes like grinding, and non-traditional processes using energy forms other than cutting tools. Machining is the most common and involves shear deformation to form chips when removing material with a sharp cutting tool. Key factors in machining include cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut, forces on the tool and chip, temperature at the tool-chip interface, and power requirements.
8848339.ppt
The document discusses various bulk metal deformation processes including rolling, forging, extrusion, and drawing. It provides details on the mechanics and applications of these processes. Specifically, it describes techniques like flat rolling, shape rolling, thread rolling, open-die forging, impression-die forging, multi-step forging, flashless forging, upsetting and heading, rotary swaging, direct and indirect extrusion, hot and cold extrusion, and wire and bar drawing. Diagrams are included to illustrate key aspects of each technique.
Sheetmetaloperations 6 part a
This document provides an overview of sheet metal forming processes. It discusses various sheet metal operations including cutting (shearing) operations like punching, blanking, and trimming as well as forming operations like bending, drawing, and squeezing. Bending operations including V-bending and edge bending are described. Drawing operations for forming hollow shapes are also covered along with squeezing processes like embossing and coining.
0.Unit 3.pptx
The document discusses various sheet metal processes including shearing, punching, blanking, bending, drawing, spinning, and forming. It provides details on each process such as the basic setup, how it works, applications, advantages, and equations to calculate forces required. Key points covered include how shearing produces rough cut edges, the importance of proper clearance in punching, the stages of deep drawing including thinning, and how spinning can form axisymmetric shapes through localized deformation.
METAL MACHINING
The document discusses the theory of metal machining. It begins by introducing machining as a material removal process that involves shear deformation to form a chip. It then discusses the orthogonal cutting model used to analyze forces in machining. Key relationships discussed include the chip thickness ratio, shear plane angle, and shear strain equation. The document also covers the different types of chips that can form, the forces acting on the chip and tool, and the Merchant equation relating these forces.
Bulk forming
This document provides information on various bulk deformation processes used to shape metals, including forging, rolling, extrusion, drawing, and swaging. It discusses the general characteristics, applications, advantages/disadvantages, and costs associated with each process. Diagrams are also included to illustrate stages of specific processes like impression die forging, thread rolling, and shape rolling. The document contains a comprehensive overview of common bulk deformation techniques for metalworking.
Bulk deformation Processes in Metal Working
Bulk deformation processes are metal forming operations that cause significant shape change through plastic deformation of initially bulk metal parts like bars, billets, and slabs. The main bulk deformation processes are rolling, forging, extrusion, and drawing.
Rolling reduces the thickness of metal by passing it through opposing rolls. Forging shapes metal by compressing it between dies under impact or gradual pressure. Extrusion forces metal through a die opening to take on its cross-sectional shape. Drawing reduces the diameter of wires or bars by pulling them through a die. These processes are commonly done hot to facilitate greater plastic deformation.
Unit 4-SHEET METAL PROCESSES
This document discusses various sheet metal processes including cutting, forming, bending, drawing, and stretching operations. Some key points:
1. Sheet metal work involves forming metal sheets 3-5mm thick into parts through cutting, forming, and joining processes.
2. Common forming operations include bending, drawing, stamping, spinning, and stretching. Cutting operations include blanking, punching, and shearing.
3. Bending involves curving sheet metal between a punch and die. Drawing uses a punch to force sheet metal into a die cavity. Stretch forming stresses sheet metal beyond its elastic limit with a forming block.
Manufacturing Processes(Sheet Metal Forming.ppt)
This document discusses various sheet metal forming processes including shearing, bending, deep drawing, and spinning. It provides examples of common sheet metal parts and describes key operations like punching, blanking, and fine blanking. Important considerations for sheet metal formability are outlined, such as material properties and tests. The document also covers design factors for efficient sheet metal forming and examples of equipment used.
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L2 shearing and bending of metals.pptx
- 1. SHEARING AND BENDING OF METALS
- 11. Cutting
- 12. Clearance in Sheet Metal Cutting
- 13. Clearance in Sheet Metal Cutting
- 14. Clearance in Sheet Metal Cutting
- 16. Cutting Forces
- 17. Cutting Forces
- 36. Springback is caused by the elastic recovery of the material upon unloading. The material tends to recover toward its originally flat shape. Overbend to compensate for springback