1) The document discusses Japan's history in the 20th century, focusing on events leading up to and during World War 2 in Asia. It describes Japan's increasing military aggression in mainland Asia and conflicts with the United States. 2) It outlines the US bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki with atomic weapons in August 1945 after Japan refused to surrender. 3) Japan surrendered on August 15, 1945, ending World War 2. The US then occupied Japan and oversaw reforms that established a democratic government and constitution.

1. Japan’s Modern History

3. Japan Annexes Korea

4. Japan Is a Player in China

5. Review: 1) Manchuria Incident (1931) : Ultranationalist take over democracy, military fakes attack on Jap. railroad in Chinese Manchuria, Jap invades. 2) Japan Invades Rest of China (1937) : KMT forced to join with CCP to fight Japan.

6. Competition from Another “Pacific” Power Is on the Horizon

7. The U. S. “Great White Fleet”

8. But, Japanese Power Would Grow . . .

10. ANSWER: Natural Resources What was the reason for the attack on Pearl Harbor??? HINT: ( IT HAD SOMETHING TO DO WITH GEOGRAPHY )

11. Japan’s Vision of the World United States Japan Germany & Italy

12. 1942-1945: Island Hopping : US goes islands to island, est. airbases as they go.

13. 15) 10/1944: Battle of Leyte Gulf : Jap. employ+lose every last ship, 1 st kamkazes used, only Jap. army left (largest naval battle in history: Jap. lose 4 carriers, 3 battleships, 8 cruisers, 12 destroyers)

14. Japanese Kamikaze Planes: The Scourge of the South Pacific Kamikaze Pilots Suicide Bombers

15. 16 ) 2/1945: Yalta Conference : Big 3 discuss wars end: a) USSR promises to E. Europe have elections b) Join war against Jap. 90 days after Ger. defeat c) USSR will get control over part of Ger. (+part of Berlin) + part of Asia

16. 17) 4/1945: Invasion of Berlin : a) USSR reaches Berlin first, followed by US+UK. b) Hitler commits suicide: VE Day: 5/08/1945 c) 100,000 Germans raped by USSR troops (USSR never punished for this) d) Capital Berlin divided in 4: US/UK/USSR/France

17. Title: “ WWII: Asia ” 2) 1945: Cold War Begins : As Axis falls, fear of USSR (Communism) rise. USSR likely to keep control of any land they invade.

18. 18) All of 1945: Japanese Firebombing : US bombs Jap. cities, killing 80,000 to 100,000 people each run.

20. “ I hear that the enemy is boasting of his demand for unconditional surrender of Japan. Unconditional surrender means that our national structure and our people will be destroyed. Against such boastful talk there is only one measure we must take, to fight to the last.” –Pr. Suzuki, 6/09/1945

21. Despite great loses in men and equipment, Japan continued to fight savagely. US fighter pilots also fought on the side of the Chinese of which they called themselves the “Fighting Tigers.” The US flew supplies over the Himalayas to help the Nationalist Chinese fight against Japan. One by one, the US began recapturing islands from the Japanese. The US became convinced that only a direct invasion of Japan would lead to an end to the war. The US estimated that it would lose 1 million men in the invasion

22. 7/1945: Atomic Bomb : New US Pres. Truman notified $2 bil (08: $25 bil) bomb project successful

23. Col. Paul Tibbets & The A-Bomb

24. Title: “ WWII: Asia ” 8/06/1945: Hiroshima : Warned of “utter destruction” if no surrender, no response

25. Hiroshima – August 6, 1945 70,000 killed immediately. 48,000 buildings. destroyed. 100,000s died of radiation poisoning & cancer later.

26. “ We are in possession of the most destructive explosive ever devised by man. A single one of our newly developed atomic bombs is actually the equivalent in explosive power to what 2000 of our giant B-29s can carry on a single mission. This awful fact is one for you to ponder and we solemnly assure you it is grimly accurate. We have just begun to use this weapon against your homeland. If you still have any doubt, make inquiry as to what happened to Hiroshima… we ask that you now petition the Emperor to end the war. Our president has outlined for you the thirteen consequences of an honorable surrender.”

27. Nagasaki – August 9, 1945 40,000 killed immediately. 60,000 injured. 100,000s died of radiation poisoning & cancer later.

28. Japanese A-Bomb Survivors

29. “ WWII: Asia ” 7) 8/15/1945: Japan Surrenders : Emperor Hirohito orders surrender. US General MacArthur controls Jap.

31. After the Destruction MacArthur is named Supreme Allied Commander of the Pacific and begins the occupation of Japan

32. US Occupation-MacArthur Does not try Hirohito for war crimes because he is a popular figure for the people of Japan. Begins food relief efforts for the people of Japan at the cost of over a million dollars a day. Helps set up a democracy by helping draft a US style constitution-Hirohito is a figure head but has no real power. Insist that Japan be allowed into trade alliances.

34. Outcomes for Japan Japan has a modern economic miracle. Best educated work force in the world. Women granted rights Old power structure, and class system broken down and replaced. Peasants could and did own property. Democracy still reigns to this day.