This document discusses using drones for modernizing agriculture. It describes how drones can be used for tasks like monitoring fields, spraying crops, and checking weather conditions. It also discusses how climate change is impacting agriculture and how the use of drones has increased in the last two decades. The document then provides details on the typical components of drones used for agriculture, including frames, propellers, transmitters, brushless motors, electronic speed controllers, flight controllers, and sensors to measure temperature, humidity, and gas levels.
1) The document presents a prototype for an air ambulance drone to assist traditional ambulances in saving lives faster by reaching emergencies earlier and monitoring multiple health parameters of patients.
2) The hexacopter drone design is described, which uses 6 motors and propellers for stability and thrust to carry a first aid kit and measure patient temperature, heart rate, and heartbeat to provide doctors vital signs information.
3) The construction of the hexacopter drone is explained, including its frame, motors, batteries, flight controller and other components to enable it to fly and carry medical supplies to emergencies more quickly than road-bound ambulances.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
1) The document discusses the fabrication of a drone, or quadcopter, which uses four rotors - two rotating clockwise and two counter-clockwise - to provide lift and propulsion. Control is achieved by varying the RPM of the rotors using a microcontroller.
2) A quadcopter operates on the principle of aviation, with electronics and mechanics allowing the four motors to change speed and direction to move the device forward, backward, left, right, up, and down based on transmitted signals from a remote controller.
3) The group fabricated a basic quadcopter with a metal frame, 6V battery, range of 50 feet, and weight of 1kg to gain experience with soldering,
This file contains the matter of fabrication of drones, you can use it to create a drone. This is very useful file for those who are interested in quadcopters or drones. This is written and created by me. You can use as your projetct.
Drone (Quadcopter) full project report by Er. ASHWANI DIXITAshwani Dixit
This is a Fully completed Mechanical Engineering Final Year Project Report of Drone ( Quadcopter ) by Ashwani Dixit from MITM, Ujjain .
for word file of that report you can contact me - ashwanidixit49@gmail.com
Thankyou !!!!!!!!!
This document is a project report submitted by three students for their Bachelor of Technology degree. It outlines the design and implementation of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in the form of a quadcopter for campus surveillance. The quadcopter will house a camera and use a wireless transmission system to provide live video feed from the camera to a ground station. Sensors such as an IMU and GPS will be used to help stabilize and navigate the quadcopter. An onboard processor and flight controller using Arduino will control the quadcopter. The project aims to develop a low-cost and lightweight surveillance drone.
This document is a report submitted by Michael Bseliss in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Aerospace Engineering from Amity University, Dubai. The report evaluates a practical training on the construction of a quadcopter. It includes sections on the introduction, literature review, components, flight control, applications and advantages/disadvantages of quadcopters. Key components discussed include the frame, propellers, motors, flight controller, batteries and other optional additions like cameras. Applications highlighted are in areas like agriculture, delivery services, and photography.
1) The document presents a prototype for an air ambulance drone to assist traditional ambulances in saving lives faster by reaching emergencies earlier and monitoring multiple health parameters of patients.
2) The hexacopter drone design is described, which uses 6 motors and propellers for stability and thrust to carry a first aid kit and measure patient temperature, heart rate, and heartbeat to provide doctors vital signs information.
3) The construction of the hexacopter drone is explained, including its frame, motors, batteries, flight controller and other components to enable it to fly and carry medical supplies to emergencies more quickly than road-bound ambulances.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
1) The document discusses the fabrication of a drone, or quadcopter, which uses four rotors - two rotating clockwise and two counter-clockwise - to provide lift and propulsion. Control is achieved by varying the RPM of the rotors using a microcontroller.
2) A quadcopter operates on the principle of aviation, with electronics and mechanics allowing the four motors to change speed and direction to move the device forward, backward, left, right, up, and down based on transmitted signals from a remote controller.
3) The group fabricated a basic quadcopter with a metal frame, 6V battery, range of 50 feet, and weight of 1kg to gain experience with soldering,
This file contains the matter of fabrication of drones, you can use it to create a drone. This is very useful file for those who are interested in quadcopters or drones. This is written and created by me. You can use as your projetct.
Drone (Quadcopter) full project report by Er. ASHWANI DIXITAshwani Dixit
This is a Fully completed Mechanical Engineering Final Year Project Report of Drone ( Quadcopter ) by Ashwani Dixit from MITM, Ujjain .
for word file of that report you can contact me - ashwanidixit49@gmail.com
Thankyou !!!!!!!!!
This document is a project report submitted by three students for their Bachelor of Technology degree. It outlines the design and implementation of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in the form of a quadcopter for campus surveillance. The quadcopter will house a camera and use a wireless transmission system to provide live video feed from the camera to a ground station. Sensors such as an IMU and GPS will be used to help stabilize and navigate the quadcopter. An onboard processor and flight controller using Arduino will control the quadcopter. The project aims to develop a low-cost and lightweight surveillance drone.
This document is a report submitted by Michael Bseliss in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Aerospace Engineering from Amity University, Dubai. The report evaluates a practical training on the construction of a quadcopter. It includes sections on the introduction, literature review, components, flight control, applications and advantages/disadvantages of quadcopters. Key components discussed include the frame, propellers, motors, flight controller, batteries and other optional additions like cameras. Applications highlighted are in areas like agriculture, delivery services, and photography.
Drone (Unmanned aerial vehicle) is an electronic device which is remote controlled based aircraft used to achieve vertical flight with stability using KK2.1.5 board and it can be used for live streaming and also for capturing images using camera and as technology advances increase the performance and reduces the cost of microcontroller so that general public can design their own drone . The main aim of this project is for live streaming and collecting images. This drone includes a frame, flight control board, motors, electronic speed controllers, a transmitter, a receiver, a Lipo battery and a camera interfaced with the kit. Individual components were tested and verified. The tuning and calibration of the PID controller were done to obtain stabilization on each axis. Currently, the drone can properly stabilize itself. The aim of the project has been achieved, resulting in stable and capturing images.
IRJET- Environment Monitoring using Quadcopter Interfaced with ArduinoIRJET Journal
This document describes a project to monitor environmental conditions using a quadcopter equipped with sensors. Specifically:
1. An Arduino-based quadcopter measures ambient temperature and humidity using an LM35 temperature sensor and humidity sensor.
2. The sensor data is transmitted to and displayed on a monitor using PuTTY software configuration.
3. This allows monitoring environmental changes in areas that are difficult for humans to access, such as sites of fires or industrial accidents. The quadcopter collects and transmits sensor data to provide remote monitoring of conditions.
This power point presentation summarizes the key components and functioning of a quadcopter drone. It describes the main parts which include four brushless motors, electronic speed controllers, a CC3D flight controller, Li-Po battery, power distribution board, and transmitter and receiver. The presentation discusses the advantages of quadcopters like stability, flexibility for indoor use, and ability to enter any environment without a pilot. Applications mentioned include use in agriculture, delivery services, military, videography, and civil purposes. Disadvantages include hardware complexity, short flight duration, and need for frequent battery replacement.
This document provides information about a quadcopter drone project completed by four students. It includes a certificate of completion, table of contents, and chapters covering the quadcopter materials and design. The main components discussed are the frame, KK2.1.5 circuit board, DC brushless motors, electronic speed controls, Li-Po battery, remote control, and receiver. The document provides details on the purpose and functioning of these various components that make up the quadcopter.
Manual - Full Quadcopters review (watermarked)Quads For Fun
This document provides information about various components and specifications related to quadcopters. It discusses 6-axis gyros, brushless motors, battery discharge rates, voltage, weight and size, charging, and types of batteries that are commonly used in quadcopters. It also covers topics like flight time versus battery capacity, cameras used for recording video and photos from quadcopters, remote controls, and classifications of models like RTF, BNF, PNP, and ARF.
This document presents information about quadcopters. It discusses the components of a quadcopter including the frame, propellers, motors, transmitter/receiver, microcontroller, power distribution board, and electronic speed controller. It also describes the flight controls of quadcopters and how they achieve pitch, yaw, and roll motions. Applications mentioned include surveillance, agriculture, delivery, and inspections. Advantages include smaller size than helicopters and no tail rotor. Disadvantages include limited battery life and hacking potential. The conclusion is that quadcopters have many promising future applications if used constructively.
This document provides an overview of stepper motors and servo motors. It discusses the basic introduction, fundamentals of operation, and types of stepper motors, including permanent magnet, variable reluctance, and hybrid synchronous stepper motors. Applications of stepper motors include computer controlled positioning systems, lasers and optics equipment, and various industrial machinery. The document also introduces servo motors, listing types like DC, AC, positional rotation, continuous rotation, and linear servo motors. It describes the working principle of servo motors and their applications in areas like robotics, automation technology, home electronics, vehicles, and packaging machines. The document concludes by referencing several sources for additional information.
This document discusses electrically powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and their components. It describes how brushless DC motors work using magnets and electromagnets to power the rotor and propeller. Batteries provide power for 10-20 minutes of flight time. Gyroscopes and autopilots help stabilize the UAV and allow communication between the ground station and UAV for navigation assistance. Control options include full manual, enhanced with stabilization, or autonomous flight to waypoints.
This document provides details on a student project to design a human-carrying ornithopter (mechanical flying machine) that is controlled via radio frequency and has surveillance capabilities. The ornithopter's wings are designed based on bats, beetles, and dragonflies. It uses various small mechanical and electrical components like gears, springs, motors, a wireless camera, microcontroller, and battery. The microcontroller helps process input from sensors to control the ornithopter. The document provides specifications of the components and concludes that ornithopter design remains an obscure area of research compared to fixed-wing aircraft.
this is about quad-copter component and how we select best for us in this did not analysis about aerodynamics theory and momentum equation. but all basic things are completely explain about quad-copter. circuit diagram also clearly present in this slide. expect all this things applications are describe here
This document provides information about a remote control quad copter. It lists the copter's features such as a 6-axis gyroscope, Wi-Fi and GPS capabilities, and an HD camera. It describes the aircraft, propellers, remote controller, intelligent battery, and drone flight. Safety tips are provided for propeller handling, battery use, and flight. Troubleshooting advice addresses issues like unresponsiveness, inability to lift off, and drifting. Maintenance instructions involve regular cleaning to prevent dirt buildup on the rotors.
This technical seminar report summarizes information about quadcopters. It begins with an introduction that defines unmanned aerial vehicles and notes that quadcopters use four rotors for lift and propulsion. The document then discusses the basic materials needed for a quadcopter, including brushless DC motors, electronic speed controllers, propellers, and sensor boards. It explains the working principles of quadcopters, how the rotation of the four motors allows for different movements. Applications mentioned include military surveillance, commercial drone delivery services, and agricultural monitoring. The conclusion states that quadcopter control and functions continue to improve with additional research.
Boieng a 160 hummingbird, usa long-endurance helicopter uavhindujudaic
The Boeing A160 Hummingbird is an unmanned helicopter aerial vehicle (UAV) that can autonomously fly for up to 20 hours at speeds up to 260km/h and altitudes up to 9,150m. It uses a Pratt & Whitney Canada engine and has a unique hingeless, rigid optimum-speed rotor technology that allows it to operate efficiently at low speeds. The Hummingbird carries various payloads like electro-optical, infrared and radar systems to perform surveillance and reconnaissance missions.
Ultrasonic motors use piezoelectric materials to convert electrical energy into ultrasonic vibrations, generating motion through friction. They have a stator that transmits vibrations, a rotor that rotates, and a shaft that transfers the rotation. When voltage is applied, the piezoelectric ceramics in the stator vibrate and transmit the vibrations to the rotor through friction, inducing a traveling wave that creates torque to rotate the rotor. Ultrasonic motors offer advantages over conventional motors like high torque at low speeds, compact size, accuracy, and lack of electromagnetic interference. However, they require high-frequency power supplies and have lower durability. Major applications include cameras, hard drives, robots,
Design, Development, Fabrication and Testing of Small Vertical Axis Wind Turb...YogeshIJTSRD
An experimental investigation has been carried has been carried out on a design, Development, Fabrication, and Testing of small Vertical axis wind turbine. An extremely simple design, of a vertical axis wind rotor using two flat vertical Vanes, swinging vanes has been fabricated and tested to obtain its performance. The torque and power coefficient have been obtained and presented in this paper the result are highly encouraging and indicate the usefulness of the swinging vane rotor at low wind regions. This paper is presented on the basis of technology two blade vertical axis wind turbine system. Dr. Mukesh Kumar Lalji "Design, Development, Fabrication and Testing of Small Vertical Axis Wind Turbinev" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39817.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/39817/design-development-fabrication-and-testing-of-small-vertical-axis-wind-turbinev/dr-mukesh-kumar-lalji
This document describes a project to remotely control the direction and speed of stepper motors using a mobile phone. The system uses a microcontroller, DTMF decoder, motor driver, and stepper motors. Dual-tone multi-frequency signals sent from a mobile phone are decoded to determine the key pressed. The microcontroller then controls the motor driver and stepper motors accordingly. The project has applications in computer-controlled systems and industrial automation.
Stepping Motor Driver IC Using PWM Chopper Type: TB62209FGPremier Farnell
The document provides an overview of the TB62209FG stepping motor driver IC from Toshiba. It describes the IC's key features such as controlling bipolar stepping motors with a single chip, built-in decoder and current control circuitry, and protection circuits. The document also outlines the IC's block diagram, excitation modes, recommended application circuits, and additional resources for ordering and support.
A quadcopter is a multirotor helicopter that uses four rotors to generate lift and thrust. It requires an onboard computer called a flight controller to stabilize flight since multirotors are inherently unstable. To build a basic quadcopter, you need a multicopter frame, four motors and propellers, electronic speed controllers to control motor speed, a radio transmitter and receiver to control it, batteries, and a battery charger. Quadcopters have many uses like delivery by Amazon, aerial photography, firefighting, search and rescue, security, inspection, and science/research. The future of drones is promising as technologies like self-flying vehicles could revolutionize transportation.
The document discusses stepper motors. It begins with an introduction that defines a stepper motor as a device that converts electrical pulses into discrete mechanical movements, with the shaft rotating in steps proportional to the input pulses. It then covers stepper motor operation, types including variable reluctance, permanent magnet and hybrid, advantages, applications in devices like printers and CD drives, and stepping modes like full step and microstepping.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF MULTITASKING AGRICULTURAL DRONEIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and analysis of a quadcopter drone for agricultural use. It begins with an introduction to quadcopters and their applications, including their ability to access hazardous areas. It then discusses the principles and components of quadcopters, including their movement mechanisms, frame sizes, and types of motors. The document performs calculations to determine the ideal propeller size and motor speed based on thrust requirements. It selects battery and flight time parameters and provides specifications for prototyping a quadcopter capable of spraying pesticides over agricultural fields safely and efficiently.
Tri-Rotor UAV Stabilisation and ControlIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project on developing a tri-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for remote aerial surveillance. The project involves designing a tri-rotor UAV with vertical take-off and landing capability along with a control system to stabilize and direct its flight. A wireless camera attached to the UAV transmits live video to a ground station for monitoring purposes. The ground station allows an operator to view the video and generate control signals to adjust the camera position and direct the UAV's path of flight. The document describes the hardware components of the UAV and ground station as well as the communication system and flight control algorithms used to control the tri-rotor UAV.
Drone (Unmanned aerial vehicle) is an electronic device which is remote controlled based aircraft used to achieve vertical flight with stability using KK2.1.5 board and it can be used for live streaming and also for capturing images using camera and as technology advances increase the performance and reduces the cost of microcontroller so that general public can design their own drone . The main aim of this project is for live streaming and collecting images. This drone includes a frame, flight control board, motors, electronic speed controllers, a transmitter, a receiver, a Lipo battery and a camera interfaced with the kit. Individual components were tested and verified. The tuning and calibration of the PID controller were done to obtain stabilization on each axis. Currently, the drone can properly stabilize itself. The aim of the project has been achieved, resulting in stable and capturing images.
IRJET- Environment Monitoring using Quadcopter Interfaced with ArduinoIRJET Journal
This document describes a project to monitor environmental conditions using a quadcopter equipped with sensors. Specifically:
1. An Arduino-based quadcopter measures ambient temperature and humidity using an LM35 temperature sensor and humidity sensor.
2. The sensor data is transmitted to and displayed on a monitor using PuTTY software configuration.
3. This allows monitoring environmental changes in areas that are difficult for humans to access, such as sites of fires or industrial accidents. The quadcopter collects and transmits sensor data to provide remote monitoring of conditions.
This power point presentation summarizes the key components and functioning of a quadcopter drone. It describes the main parts which include four brushless motors, electronic speed controllers, a CC3D flight controller, Li-Po battery, power distribution board, and transmitter and receiver. The presentation discusses the advantages of quadcopters like stability, flexibility for indoor use, and ability to enter any environment without a pilot. Applications mentioned include use in agriculture, delivery services, military, videography, and civil purposes. Disadvantages include hardware complexity, short flight duration, and need for frequent battery replacement.
This document provides information about a quadcopter drone project completed by four students. It includes a certificate of completion, table of contents, and chapters covering the quadcopter materials and design. The main components discussed are the frame, KK2.1.5 circuit board, DC brushless motors, electronic speed controls, Li-Po battery, remote control, and receiver. The document provides details on the purpose and functioning of these various components that make up the quadcopter.
Manual - Full Quadcopters review (watermarked)Quads For Fun
This document provides information about various components and specifications related to quadcopters. It discusses 6-axis gyros, brushless motors, battery discharge rates, voltage, weight and size, charging, and types of batteries that are commonly used in quadcopters. It also covers topics like flight time versus battery capacity, cameras used for recording video and photos from quadcopters, remote controls, and classifications of models like RTF, BNF, PNP, and ARF.
This document presents information about quadcopters. It discusses the components of a quadcopter including the frame, propellers, motors, transmitter/receiver, microcontroller, power distribution board, and electronic speed controller. It also describes the flight controls of quadcopters and how they achieve pitch, yaw, and roll motions. Applications mentioned include surveillance, agriculture, delivery, and inspections. Advantages include smaller size than helicopters and no tail rotor. Disadvantages include limited battery life and hacking potential. The conclusion is that quadcopters have many promising future applications if used constructively.
This document provides an overview of stepper motors and servo motors. It discusses the basic introduction, fundamentals of operation, and types of stepper motors, including permanent magnet, variable reluctance, and hybrid synchronous stepper motors. Applications of stepper motors include computer controlled positioning systems, lasers and optics equipment, and various industrial machinery. The document also introduces servo motors, listing types like DC, AC, positional rotation, continuous rotation, and linear servo motors. It describes the working principle of servo motors and their applications in areas like robotics, automation technology, home electronics, vehicles, and packaging machines. The document concludes by referencing several sources for additional information.
This document discusses electrically powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and their components. It describes how brushless DC motors work using magnets and electromagnets to power the rotor and propeller. Batteries provide power for 10-20 minutes of flight time. Gyroscopes and autopilots help stabilize the UAV and allow communication between the ground station and UAV for navigation assistance. Control options include full manual, enhanced with stabilization, or autonomous flight to waypoints.
This document provides details on a student project to design a human-carrying ornithopter (mechanical flying machine) that is controlled via radio frequency and has surveillance capabilities. The ornithopter's wings are designed based on bats, beetles, and dragonflies. It uses various small mechanical and electrical components like gears, springs, motors, a wireless camera, microcontroller, and battery. The microcontroller helps process input from sensors to control the ornithopter. The document provides specifications of the components and concludes that ornithopter design remains an obscure area of research compared to fixed-wing aircraft.
this is about quad-copter component and how we select best for us in this did not analysis about aerodynamics theory and momentum equation. but all basic things are completely explain about quad-copter. circuit diagram also clearly present in this slide. expect all this things applications are describe here
This document provides information about a remote control quad copter. It lists the copter's features such as a 6-axis gyroscope, Wi-Fi and GPS capabilities, and an HD camera. It describes the aircraft, propellers, remote controller, intelligent battery, and drone flight. Safety tips are provided for propeller handling, battery use, and flight. Troubleshooting advice addresses issues like unresponsiveness, inability to lift off, and drifting. Maintenance instructions involve regular cleaning to prevent dirt buildup on the rotors.
This technical seminar report summarizes information about quadcopters. It begins with an introduction that defines unmanned aerial vehicles and notes that quadcopters use four rotors for lift and propulsion. The document then discusses the basic materials needed for a quadcopter, including brushless DC motors, electronic speed controllers, propellers, and sensor boards. It explains the working principles of quadcopters, how the rotation of the four motors allows for different movements. Applications mentioned include military surveillance, commercial drone delivery services, and agricultural monitoring. The conclusion states that quadcopter control and functions continue to improve with additional research.
Boieng a 160 hummingbird, usa long-endurance helicopter uavhindujudaic
The Boeing A160 Hummingbird is an unmanned helicopter aerial vehicle (UAV) that can autonomously fly for up to 20 hours at speeds up to 260km/h and altitudes up to 9,150m. It uses a Pratt & Whitney Canada engine and has a unique hingeless, rigid optimum-speed rotor technology that allows it to operate efficiently at low speeds. The Hummingbird carries various payloads like electro-optical, infrared and radar systems to perform surveillance and reconnaissance missions.
Ultrasonic motors use piezoelectric materials to convert electrical energy into ultrasonic vibrations, generating motion through friction. They have a stator that transmits vibrations, a rotor that rotates, and a shaft that transfers the rotation. When voltage is applied, the piezoelectric ceramics in the stator vibrate and transmit the vibrations to the rotor through friction, inducing a traveling wave that creates torque to rotate the rotor. Ultrasonic motors offer advantages over conventional motors like high torque at low speeds, compact size, accuracy, and lack of electromagnetic interference. However, they require high-frequency power supplies and have lower durability. Major applications include cameras, hard drives, robots,
Design, Development, Fabrication and Testing of Small Vertical Axis Wind Turb...YogeshIJTSRD
An experimental investigation has been carried has been carried out on a design, Development, Fabrication, and Testing of small Vertical axis wind turbine. An extremely simple design, of a vertical axis wind rotor using two flat vertical Vanes, swinging vanes has been fabricated and tested to obtain its performance. The torque and power coefficient have been obtained and presented in this paper the result are highly encouraging and indicate the usefulness of the swinging vane rotor at low wind regions. This paper is presented on the basis of technology two blade vertical axis wind turbine system. Dr. Mukesh Kumar Lalji "Design, Development, Fabrication and Testing of Small Vertical Axis Wind Turbinev" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39817.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/39817/design-development-fabrication-and-testing-of-small-vertical-axis-wind-turbinev/dr-mukesh-kumar-lalji
This document describes a project to remotely control the direction and speed of stepper motors using a mobile phone. The system uses a microcontroller, DTMF decoder, motor driver, and stepper motors. Dual-tone multi-frequency signals sent from a mobile phone are decoded to determine the key pressed. The microcontroller then controls the motor driver and stepper motors accordingly. The project has applications in computer-controlled systems and industrial automation.
Stepping Motor Driver IC Using PWM Chopper Type: TB62209FGPremier Farnell
The document provides an overview of the TB62209FG stepping motor driver IC from Toshiba. It describes the IC's key features such as controlling bipolar stepping motors with a single chip, built-in decoder and current control circuitry, and protection circuits. The document also outlines the IC's block diagram, excitation modes, recommended application circuits, and additional resources for ordering and support.
A quadcopter is a multirotor helicopter that uses four rotors to generate lift and thrust. It requires an onboard computer called a flight controller to stabilize flight since multirotors are inherently unstable. To build a basic quadcopter, you need a multicopter frame, four motors and propellers, electronic speed controllers to control motor speed, a radio transmitter and receiver to control it, batteries, and a battery charger. Quadcopters have many uses like delivery by Amazon, aerial photography, firefighting, search and rescue, security, inspection, and science/research. The future of drones is promising as technologies like self-flying vehicles could revolutionize transportation.
The document discusses stepper motors. It begins with an introduction that defines a stepper motor as a device that converts electrical pulses into discrete mechanical movements, with the shaft rotating in steps proportional to the input pulses. It then covers stepper motor operation, types including variable reluctance, permanent magnet and hybrid, advantages, applications in devices like printers and CD drives, and stepping modes like full step and microstepping.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF MULTITASKING AGRICULTURAL DRONEIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and analysis of a quadcopter drone for agricultural use. It begins with an introduction to quadcopters and their applications, including their ability to access hazardous areas. It then discusses the principles and components of quadcopters, including their movement mechanisms, frame sizes, and types of motors. The document performs calculations to determine the ideal propeller size and motor speed based on thrust requirements. It selects battery and flight time parameters and provides specifications for prototyping a quadcopter capable of spraying pesticides over agricultural fields safely and efficiently.
Tri-Rotor UAV Stabilisation and ControlIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project on developing a tri-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for remote aerial surveillance. The project involves designing a tri-rotor UAV with vertical take-off and landing capability along with a control system to stabilize and direct its flight. A wireless camera attached to the UAV transmits live video to a ground station for monitoring purposes. The ground station allows an operator to view the video and generate control signals to adjust the camera position and direct the UAV's path of flight. The document describes the hardware components of the UAV and ground station as well as the communication system and flight control algorithms used to control the tri-rotor UAV.
This document describes a study on developing a human instruction follower drone. It discusses selecting components like a quadcopter frame, motors, electronic speed controllers, an IMU sensor, GPS, and Arduino board. It explains how the drone will navigate autonomously using GPS waypoints from its original position to a given destination defined by latitude and longitude, then return to the original position. The document outlines the mechanism for frame selection, component selection and interfacing, and the performance of the IMU sensor and use of a complementary filter to provide stable sensor data for flight stabilization and control.
Pesticides spraying using Agricultural DroneIRJET Journal
1. The document discusses the use of agricultural drones for pesticide spraying on farms. It aims to create an intuitive user interface for farmers to control drones and spray pesticides across their entire property remotely.
2. The proposed system involves integrating a sprinkler mechanism onto a drone that can be controlled by a farmer using a transmitter and receiver. This allows the drone to spray pesticides and fertilizers over large fields efficiently.
3. Some key advantages of using agricultural drones for spraying include increased speed, more uniform spraying, reduced water and pesticide usage, and protecting farmer health by reducing manual spraying. However, challenges include limited battery life and higher costs compared to traditional spraying methods.
We will introduce a development of a mini-quad rotor system for indoor application at Keokuk University. The propulsion system consists of X-UFO blade propellers and brushless direct current (DC) motors assembled on a very stiff ai rframe made of carbon fiber composite material. The attitude control system consists of a stab ility augmentation system as the inner loop control and a modern control approach as the outer lo op. The closed-loop contro l is a PID controller,which is used for the flight test to valid ate our aerodynamic mode ling. To perform an experimental flight test,basic electronics hardware will de velop in a simple configuration. We will use an AVR microcontroller as the embe dded controller,a low-cost 100 Hz AHRS for inertial sensing,infrared (IR) sensors for horizontal ranging,and an ultrasonic sensor for ground ranging. A high performance propeller system is built on an X-UFO quad rotor airframe. The developing flying robot is shown to have an automatic hovering ability with aid of a ground control system that uses mon itoring and a fail-safe system. We will introduce a new quad rotor platform for realizing autonomous navigation in unknown indoor/outdoor environments. Au tonomous waypoint navigation,obs tacle avoidance and flight control is implemented on-board. The system does not require a special environment,artificial markers or an external reference system. We will develop a monolithic,mechanically damped perception unit which is equipped with a stereo camera pair,an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU),two processor and an FPGA board.
In the past decade Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become a topic of interest in many research organizations. UAVs are finding applications in various areas ranging from military applications to traffic surveillance. This paper is a survey for a certain kind of UAV called quadrotor or quadcopter. Researchers are frequently choosing quadrotors for their research because a quadrotor can accurately and efficiently perform tasks that would be of high risk for a human pilot to perform. This paper encompasses the dynamic models of a quadrotor and the different model-dependent and model-independent control techniques and their comparison. Recently, focus has shifted to designing autonomous quadrotors. A summary of the various localization and navigation techniques has been given. Lastly, the paper investigates the potential applications of quadrotors and their role in multi-agent systems.
Modelling, and Design of a Quadcopter With MATLAB ImplementationIRJET Journal
This document describes the modeling and design of a quadcopter using MATLAB. It discusses modeling the basic physical plant of the quadcopter and increasing the complexity of the model. It also demonstrates how to implement the quadcopter model in MATLAB/Simulink. The modeling process involves defining states, parameters, and mathematical equations of motion for roll, pitch, yaw and thrust. The parameters include moments of inertia, rotor inertia, thrust and drag coefficients. The document provides details on building the plant model and increasing its accuracy to better simulate quadcopter flight.
This document summarizes a proposed crash avoidance system for drones. When one of a drone's motors fails, the system would allow the pilot to manually switch the drone from a quadcopter to a tricopter configuration using a signal sent to the flight controller. This would maintain pilot control and allow the drone to safely land. The system would involve connecting an Arduino board to the flight controller to receive the pilot's signal and cut power to the failed motor while keeping the other three motors operational during the transition, ensuring stable controlled landing. A literature review found that existing methods focus on software solutions while this approach addresses the problem from both a software and hardware perspective.
This document describes a project using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and the concept of swarm robotics to detect landmines. The key points are:
1. UAVs equipped with sensors like metal detectors and cameras will work together to detect landmines over large areas.
2. Once detected, the locations of landmines will be mapped using high-resolution 360-degree cameras.
3. The goal is to reduce costs and risks to human lives by automating landmine detection and mapping operations. This system could save lives by eliminating dangerous manual detection methods.
IRJET- Design and Fabrication of Hexacopter for SurveillanceIRJET Journal
The document describes the design and fabrication of a hexacopter for surveillance purposes. A hexacopter was chosen over other aerial vehicles like quadcopters and helicopters due to its stability and maneuverability. The hexacopter was designed with components like a control board, electronic speed controllers, brushless motors, batteries, and an onboard camera. Its frame was constructed of lightweight composite materials. The goal was to create an unmanned aerial system capable of performing surveillance tasks like video streaming safely and cost-effectively.
IRJET - Smartphone and it uses to Control Agricultural RobotIRJET Journal
This document describes a project to control an agricultural robot using a smartphone. The robot would use components like an Arduino board, Raspberry Pi, Bluetooth module, DC motors, and motor drivers to automate agricultural tasks like plowing, seeding, watering. This would help address issues like increasing global food demand and lack of skilled agricultural labor. The system would allow a user to control the robot's movements and functions using a smartphone over Bluetooth connection. The document provides background on the components used and how a rack and pinion gear system would enable converting motor rotation into linear robotic motion.
The document describes the design and development of a surveillance chopper or unmanned aerial vehicle. It discusses the various components used - including the airframe, brushless motor, electronic speed controller, batteries, radio receiver, and wireless camera. The chopper is designed to be remotely controlled and can potentially be used for applications like surveillance, inspection work, and more. The document provides details on how the various parts work together and how the chopper was configured.
REMOTE CONTROLLED QUADCOPTER -
• A quadrotor helicopter that is lifted and propelled by four rotors and controlled by remote by making variation in the speed of is four motors.
• 4 BLDC motors used as rotor which are controlled by the 4 ESCs connected with the FCB.
• 6 channel Transmitter and Reciever is used to communicate with the on board FCB with proper calibration.
• PI settings need to be done in its Aileron, Elevator, Rudder with different configurations of the remote sticks and the other level settings.
• Whole system of Quad is powered by 12V LiPo battery.
IRJET- Design of UAV for Urea Spraying in Agricultural FieldIRJET Journal
This document describes the design of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for spraying urea in agricultural fields. The proposed UAV uses an ARM Cortex M3 microcontroller as the flight controller board, which provides specialized motor rotation compared to existing designs that use Arduino boards. The UAV is 1.8m in diameter and can carry up to 2kg, including a sprayer nozzle system to distribute urea according to transmitter commands. The goal is to reduce farmers' workload, increase field productivity over short periods, and avoid health issues from direct urea exposure by automating the spraying process.
This document discusses the design and components of a surveillance drone. It describes how a drone uses four propellers and motors to generate lift. A drone is controlled remotely using a transmitter that sends signals to a receiver on the drone. The receiver is connected to a flight controller board that processes the signals and controls electronic speed controllers connected to each motor. This allows the drone to be maneuvered for surveillance applications such as monitoring traffic or areas that are dangerous for humans to access. The document provides details on common components of drones like motors, propellers, batteries, and controllers. It also discusses how the physics of thrust from counter-rotating propellers allows for controlled vertical and horizontal movement.
IRJET- Surveillance System using QuadcopterIRJET Journal
This document describes a quadcopter designed for surveillance purposes. Key components of the quadcopter include a KK 2.1.5 flight controller, Fly Sky CT6B transceiver for remote control, brushless DC motors powered by Lithium Polymer batteries, and a portable camera for video transmission. The quadcopter is able to autonomously perform surveillance tasks without a human pilot through an onboard autonomous control system. The goal of the project was to develop an unmanned aerial vehicle for applications like traffic monitoring in crowded areas.
The document describes a project report submitted by Stuti Vyas, Drashti Sheth, and Jay Vala for their Bachelor of Engineering degree. It outlines the development of a quadcopter surveillance system, including the components used, methods for designing and assembling the frame and circuits, and testing procedures. The quadcopter is intended to be remotely operated and carry a wireless camera for surveillance applications.
Multirotor control ua vs based on fuzzy logicAntonio Chica
This document discusses the use of fuzzy logic control for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), specifically quadrotors. It provides background on UAVs and quadrotors, including their components and degrees of freedom. Fuzzy logic control is described as an effective method for controlling nonlinear systems like quadrotors. Several previous studies applying fuzzy logic control to UAVs, robotics, and quadrotor trajectory tracking are summarized. The key components of UAV control - perception, localization, planning and navigation - are also overviewed.
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