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1.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 03 | Mar 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 529 SMART BUS TRANSPORTATION WITH AUTOMATIC CARDIAC ARREST DETECTION SYSTEM MD. Rehana1, P. Greeshma Lakshmi2, V. Rani Samyuktha3 1,2,3Student, Bachelor of Technology in Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Dhanekula Institute of Engineering and Technology, Andhra Pradesh, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - In this world journey is one of the most needed for daily life. Vehicle plays a significant role in transportation. There are many causes of road accidents one such cause isdue to heart strokes of the drivers. In the case of a bus, it not only affects the driver but also the passengers on the bus. This problem can be solved by implementing the device after detecting the abnormal heartbeat rate of the driver and taking an immediate action. As there is no such device previously, it becomes the first device that saves the lives of all drivers, most probably the RTC bus drivers from heart stroke during their driving. The device that is placed on the contact parts of drivers such as steering, driver seat senses the heart beat rate, if it becomes abnormal then the device inthevehicle will automatically sends an emergency signal and also the exact location to the nearby hospitals only after having the confirmation of abnormal heart beat rate. It makes a buzzer sound in order to alert the passengers in the vehicle and also the passengers nearby the vehicle. Simultaneously the device which is connected to the vehicle braking system will try to slow down the speed of the vehicle to avoid accidents and to save the passengers, driver and also surroundingpeople, butif it encounters any obstacle then the vehicle halts immediately. So this is the apt solution to the problem. Key Words: Heart stroke, abnormal heart beat, emergency signal, buzzer sound, braking system 1. INTRODUCTION In this embedded bus transportation system, driver distraction is the leading cause of most vehicle crashes. In traditional accident alert system, when a driver met with an accident can be informed to respective family members through an SMS and GPS location will be sending to the owners but there is no system which monitors the driver conditions and avoid accidents. The driver alert system is used to avoid accident occurrence due to driver abnormal behavior. This device mainly focuses to save the bus driver from getting heartstroke by using alert system. Fig -1: Death of bus driver due to heart stroke 2. EXISTNG PROBLEM Journey is most needed in our daily life. Vehicle plays a significant role in transportation. There are many causes of road accidents one such cause is due to heart strokes of the drivers. The prevalence of heart strokes is increased byover 50% in the past 25 years. The common heart stroke symptoms are chest pain, discomfort in the areas of upper body, shortness of breath, sweating. In the case of a bus, it not only affects the driver but alsothepassengersonthebus. Refer: https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2018/a pr/15/kerala-bus-driver-dies-on-the-wheel-with-cardiac- arrest-passengers-unhurt-1801714.html Fig -2: Accident due to heart stroke of bus driver 3. PROPOSED SOLUTION The device that is placed on the contact parts of drivers such as steering, driver seat senses the heart beat rate, if it becomes abnormal then the device in the vehicle will
2.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 03 | Mar 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 530 automatically sends an emergency signal and also the exact location to the nearby hospitals only after having the confirmation of abnormal heart beat rate. It makes a buzzer sound in order to alert the passengers in the vehicle andalso the passengers nearbythevehicle.Simultaneouslythedevice which is connected to the vehicle braking system will try to slow down the speed of the vehicle to avoid accidents and to save the passengers, driver and alsosurroundingpeople, but if it encounters any obstacle then the vehicle halts immediately. 4. BLOCK DIAGRAM Fig -3: Block Diagram 4.1 Power Supply This is meant for supplying Power to all the sections mentioned above. It basically consists of a Transformer to step down the high current to low voltage followed by diodes. AC is rectified to DC using Diodes.Thecapacitorfilter is used to filter the obtained rippled DC. The obtained dc voltage is regulated using a positive voltage regulator. Fig -4: Stepdown transformer 4.2 Microcontroller The Arduino is a microcontroller board based on ATmega328. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a USB connection and a reset button. It contains everythingneeded to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB to get started. Fig -5: Arduino 4.3 Pulse Sensor Pulse Sensor is used to sense the heartbeat rate of a person. It is easy to incorporate live heart rate data into the projects. The sensor clips onto a fingertip and plugs right into Arduino with some jumper cables. Fig -6: Pulse sensor 4.4 Ultrasonic Sensor An ultrasonic sensor is a sensor that measures the distance to an object using ultrasonic sound waves. An ultrasonic sensor sends and receives ultrasonic pulses that relay back information about an object’s proximity. This sensor determines the distance to an object by measuring time lapses between the sending and receiving of the ultrasonic waves. Fig -7: Ultrasonic sensor 4.5 GPS GPS (Global PositioningSystem)using whichanyonecan always obtain the position information anywhere in the world. The GPS module for Arduino allows connecting to your Arduino board to get latitude and longitude information.
3.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 03 | Mar 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 531 Fig -8: GPS 4.6 LCD Display LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) is an electronic display module used to produce a visible image. The 2x16 LCD display is a very basic module commonly used in circuits. The 2x16 translates a display 16 charactersper line in 2 such lines. Fig -9: LCD Display 4.7 GSM Module GSM(Global System for Mobile communication). A GSM module is a circuit that is used to establish communication between a mobile device and a GSM system. A SIM is inserted into the GSM through which it sends SMS using Arduino to the mobile number specified inside the program. Fig -10: GSM Modem 4.8 DC Motor Microcontroller controls the DC fan using IC L293D motor control. This IC L293D is a motor driver used to control the speed and direction of DC motor. It also offers isolation between microcontroller andthemotor. Motor speed can be controlled by the use of pulse width modulation (PWM) technique. Fig -11: Motor 4.9 DC Motor Driver Motor driver is a current amplifier that takes lower current control signal and providehighercurrentsignal. This higher current signal is used fordrivingthe motors. 4.10 Buzzer A buzzer or beeper is an audio signaling device for the purpose of alerting. Fig -12: Buzzer 5. CONCLUSION Now days we have an increased risk of heart attacks. This system which helps to detect heartrateofpersonusingheart beat sensor. This system also helps for obstacle monitoring system. This system which helps to measure heartbeat of person. We will make this system so that it can save the passengers, driver and also surrounding people. REFERENCES [1]. Ostrom M., Eriksson A. Natural death while driving. J. Forensic Sci. 1987;32:988–998. doi: 10.1520/JFS12410J. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [2]. Patel S., Chauhan Y. Heart attack detection and medical attention using sensing devices. Int. J. Sci. Res. Publ. 2014;4:1–4. [Google Scholar] [3]. Rad M.Z., Ghuchani S.R., Bahaadinbeigy K., Khalilzadeh M.M. Real time recognition of heart attack. Acta Inform. Med. 2015;23:151. doi: 10.5455/aim.2015.23.151-154. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] [4]. Myerburg R.J., Davis J.H. The medical ecology of public safety. 1. Sudden death due to heart disease. Am. Heart J. 1964;68:586–595. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(64)90266-2. [PubMed] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
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International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 03 | Mar 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 532 [5]. Qun Hou, “Research and implementation of remote heart rate monitoring system based on GSM and MCU,Uin 2nd Int. Conf. On Information Science and Engineering, Hangzhou, 2010, pp.2293. [6]. Victor Olugbemiga, Emmanuel Adetiba “Vehicle Accident Alert and Locator”, International Journal of Electrical and Computer Sciences, Volume 11, Issue 2, 2011. [7]. Mamidi Manisha, Katakam Neeraja, Vemuri Sindhura, Paruchuri Ramya, “Cardiac Arrest Detection and HeartBeat Rate Monitoring System”, International Journal of Innovation in Engineering and Technology. [8]. Gowri Shankar. S, Prachita M.Y, Arvind Prakash, “IoT based Heart Stroke Detection, Heart rate Monitor System”,International Journal ofComputer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 170 – No.5,July 2017 [9]. Kala John Kappiarukudil, Maneesha Vinodini Ramesh, “Real Time Monitoring and Detection of ‘‘Heart Attack’’ 2010 Fourth International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications [10]. Mallick B, Patro AK. Heart beat rate monitoring system through finger tip using arduino. International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research. 2016; 5(1):84–89.
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