The document summarizes research on producing cellular concrete with the inclusion of silica fume and foaming agents. It discusses:
1) The methodology used to test the properties of materials and produce cellular concrete specimens varying the silica fume content and water-binder ratio.
2) The results of testing the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of the specimens at various ages, showing that strength generally increases with decreased water-binder ratio and inclusion of silica fume.
3) The maximum compressive strength achieved using silica fume was 21.74MPa at 90 days, indicating this concrete cannot be used for general construction.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IRJET- Influence of Addition of Nano-Silica on Physical and Mechanical Proper...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the influence of adding nano-silica on the physical and mechanical properties of ultra-high performance mortar and concrete. The researcher investigated different mixes with 0.6% nano-silica replacement of cement by weight, using dolomite, crushed granite, or sand aggregates. Specimens were tested for compression, splitting tensile, and flexural strength at ages 2, 7, and 28 days of curing. Optimum results were found for mixes with 0.6% nano-silica and dolomite aggregates. These mixes showed maximum compression and splitting tensile strength as well as minimum absorption at 28 days. The addition of nano-silica was found to improve concrete density and
IRJET- Effect of Recycled Coarse Aggregate on Compressive Strength and Fl...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research study on the effect of recycled coarse aggregate on the compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete. The study involved replacing natural coarse aggregate with recycled coarse aggregate from 0% to 100% in increments of 20%. The concrete mixtures were tested at 7, 14, and 28 days to determine the compressive strength and flexural strength. Previous studies have found that recycled aggregate concrete can achieve strength comparable to normal concrete, with an optimal replacement level of 20-40%. The properties of the recycled aggregate, including water absorption and specific gravity, were also examined.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology
Size Anddosageof Micro Silica Fume Behaviour for Partial Replacement of Cemen...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of mechanical and civil engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in mechanical and civil engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
This document summarizes a study on the durability and strength properties of high performance self-compacting concrete with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and silica fumes. Seven concrete mixes were prepared with different replacement levels of GGBS (10-30%) and silica fumes (3-9%). Tests were conducted to evaluate the workability, mechanical strength, and rapid chloride permeability of the hardened concrete at various ages. The results showed that the addition of GGBS and silica fumes improved the density and reduced permeability of the self-compacting concrete, leading to enhanced durability, while maintaining adequate compressive and tensile strengths.
IRJET- Evaluation of Properties of Reactive Powder Concrete and Determination...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the evaluation of properties of reactive powder concrete (RPC) using locally available materials in India. RPC is an ultra-high strength concrete with no coarse aggregates. The document details the development of 9 different RPC mix designs varying the water-binder ratio, silica fume content, and superplasticizer dosage. Fresh and hardened properties like compressive strength, flexural strength, bond strength, and modulus of elasticity were tested on specimens cured with both normal and hot air curing. The maximum compressive strength of 108.63 MPa was achieved for a mix with 20% silica fume content and a water-binder ratio of 0.25, cured with hot air. Flexural strengths were found
As concrete is the most abundant material used in the world, it contains aggregate content of around 60 to 70 %. Since aggregate are being used rapidly there has been a scarcity in the avaibility of these materials. This research investigates the effect of partially replacing aggregates by burnt brick bats and lateritic fines in concrete respectively for M25 grade concrete. The incorporation is done for 5%, 10% and 15% of burnt brick bats for coarse aggregate and by talking 15% of lateritic fines as constant for fine aggregate by conducting compressive strength test which gave the optimum value of 15% for natural sand. The compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength was conducted. The results showed density of of the concrete incorporating brick and laterite was lower compared to conventional concrete, the concrete with 5% burnt brick and 15% lateritic soil showed increased strength for 7 days compared to normal concrete but when 28 days test was conducted the strength was similar to conventional concrete. The split tensile and flexural strength of replaced concrete was found to be lower than the nominal concrete.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IRJET- Influence of Addition of Nano-Silica on Physical and Mechanical Proper...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the influence of adding nano-silica on the physical and mechanical properties of ultra-high performance mortar and concrete. The researcher investigated different mixes with 0.6% nano-silica replacement of cement by weight, using dolomite, crushed granite, or sand aggregates. Specimens were tested for compression, splitting tensile, and flexural strength at ages 2, 7, and 28 days of curing. Optimum results were found for mixes with 0.6% nano-silica and dolomite aggregates. These mixes showed maximum compression and splitting tensile strength as well as minimum absorption at 28 days. The addition of nano-silica was found to improve concrete density and
IRJET- Effect of Recycled Coarse Aggregate on Compressive Strength and Fl...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research study on the effect of recycled coarse aggregate on the compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete. The study involved replacing natural coarse aggregate with recycled coarse aggregate from 0% to 100% in increments of 20%. The concrete mixtures were tested at 7, 14, and 28 days to determine the compressive strength and flexural strength. Previous studies have found that recycled aggregate concrete can achieve strength comparable to normal concrete, with an optimal replacement level of 20-40%. The properties of the recycled aggregate, including water absorption and specific gravity, were also examined.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology
Size Anddosageof Micro Silica Fume Behaviour for Partial Replacement of Cemen...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of mechanical and civil engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in mechanical and civil engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
This document summarizes a study on the durability and strength properties of high performance self-compacting concrete with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and silica fumes. Seven concrete mixes were prepared with different replacement levels of GGBS (10-30%) and silica fumes (3-9%). Tests were conducted to evaluate the workability, mechanical strength, and rapid chloride permeability of the hardened concrete at various ages. The results showed that the addition of GGBS and silica fumes improved the density and reduced permeability of the self-compacting concrete, leading to enhanced durability, while maintaining adequate compressive and tensile strengths.
IRJET- Evaluation of Properties of Reactive Powder Concrete and Determination...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the evaluation of properties of reactive powder concrete (RPC) using locally available materials in India. RPC is an ultra-high strength concrete with no coarse aggregates. The document details the development of 9 different RPC mix designs varying the water-binder ratio, silica fume content, and superplasticizer dosage. Fresh and hardened properties like compressive strength, flexural strength, bond strength, and modulus of elasticity were tested on specimens cured with both normal and hot air curing. The maximum compressive strength of 108.63 MPa was achieved for a mix with 20% silica fume content and a water-binder ratio of 0.25, cured with hot air. Flexural strengths were found
As concrete is the most abundant material used in the world, it contains aggregate content of around 60 to 70 %. Since aggregate are being used rapidly there has been a scarcity in the avaibility of these materials. This research investigates the effect of partially replacing aggregates by burnt brick bats and lateritic fines in concrete respectively for M25 grade concrete. The incorporation is done for 5%, 10% and 15% of burnt brick bats for coarse aggregate and by talking 15% of lateritic fines as constant for fine aggregate by conducting compressive strength test which gave the optimum value of 15% for natural sand. The compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength was conducted. The results showed density of of the concrete incorporating brick and laterite was lower compared to conventional concrete, the concrete with 5% burnt brick and 15% lateritic soil showed increased strength for 7 days compared to normal concrete but when 28 days test was conducted the strength was similar to conventional concrete. The split tensile and flexural strength of replaced concrete was found to be lower than the nominal concrete.
A study on influence of fly ash and nano silica on strength properties of co...IAEME Publication
The document discusses a study on the influence of fly ash and nano-silica on the strength properties of concrete. Concrete samples were produced by partially replacing cement with 20% and 30% fly ash and 1.5%, 3%, and 4.5% nano-silica. The compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths of the samples were tested and compared to a control concrete. The results showed that concrete with 20% fly ash and 3% nano-silica replacement achieved the highest strengths. The increased strengths are attributed to improved particle packing and additional binder from the fly ash and nano-silica.
Evaluation of durability properties of recycled aggregate concrete incorporat...IEI GSC
The document summarizes an evaluation of the durability properties of recycled aggregate concrete incorporating fly ash and silica fume. It includes a literature review on previous studies of recycled aggregate concrete. An experimental program involved developing mix designs for control concrete and concretes with 50% and 100% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with recycled aggregate. Specimens were tested for properties like acid resistance, sulfate resistance, carbonation rate, and water impermeability. Results showed recycled aggregate concretes had higher weight loss in acid, higher strength reduction due to acid and sulfate exposure, and higher carbonation rates compared to control concrete, with effects increasing with higher recycled aggregate content.
An Experimental Investigation on Self Compacting Concrete with Artificial Fin...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation on the properties of self-compacting concrete that uses artificial fine aggregate as a replacement for natural fine aggregate. The study tested different mixtures with cement replaced by fly ash, silica fume, and metakaolin. The concrete mixtures were tested for workability, mechanical properties like compressive strength, and durability properties like water absorption and acid resistance. The results showed that the artificial fine aggregate concrete mixtures met workability standards and had improved strength and durability compared to natural aggregate concrete.
IRJET- An Experimental Study on Strength of Concrete with Partial Replacement...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on using copper slag and quarry dust as partial replacements for fine aggregate in concrete. Various concrete mixes were tested with copper slag and quarry dust replacements ranging from 0-45%. Specimens were cured for 7-28 days and tested for compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths. The results showed that concrete with a 40% fine aggregate replacement achieved the highest compressive strength of 41.87 MPa. Split tensile strengths were also higher than the control mix for replacements up to 15%. Thus, the study demonstrates that using industrial wastes like copper slag and quarry dust as partial replacements for fine aggregate in concrete can improve strength properties while providing environmental and economic benefits.
The document discusses the effects of micro silica particle size and dosage on the compressive strength of concrete. 240 concrete cube specimens were made with micro silica particle sizes of 20, 45, 90, 125, and 250 microns and replacement levels of cement of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. Testing found that compressive strength increased as particle size decreased and was highest for 20 micron particle size and 20% cement replacement. The optimum strength was 42% higher than the control mix at 28 days. Smaller particle size provides a greater surface area and allows better accommodation in the cement porous structure.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation for Strength of Concrete by using Fly AshIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation into the strength of concrete when using fly ash. Fly ash from various sources was used to replace 25% of cement by weight or volume in mortar mixes. The mixes were tested at various water-to-binder ratios and cured for up to 90 days. Testing showed that early strength was lower with fly ash but most mixes recovered strength by 28 days. Finer fly ashes performed equal to or better than ordinary Portland cement after 28 days. The results indicate that fly ash can provide strength improvements to concrete while providing economic and environmental benefits over pure cement.
Experimental Investigation on Durability Properties of Self Compacting Concre...IRJET Journal
The document discusses experimental investigation on the durability properties of self-compacting concrete by partially replacing fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). It provides background on self-compacting concrete and discusses guidelines and specifications for acceptance criteria. It then reviews several previous studies that investigated replacing natural aggregates or cement with recycled materials and assessed fresh and hardened concrete properties. The literature review found that replacement of up to 30% aggregates or cement resulted in only minor decreases in compressive strength while improving sustainability.
IRJET- Experimental Study of Concrete with Excavated Soil as a Fine AggregateIRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study to evaluate the use of excavated soil as a replacement for fine aggregate in concrete. Standard tests were conducted on concrete specimens made with conventional river sand and with excavated soil. The following conclusions were drawn:
1. Compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths were all higher in concrete made with excavated soil compared to conventional concrete at 7, 14, and 28 days.
2. Sieve analysis showed the gradation of the excavated soil was similar to river sand.
3. Based on the results, the study concluded that excavated soil is a suitable replacement for river sand in concrete.
This document discusses a study on the effect of using Sudanese aggregates and supplementary cementitious materials like silica fume and fly ash to produce high strength concrete. Hundreds of concrete specimens with different mixtures of local materials, silica fume, fly ash, and water-cement ratios were tested to determine compressive strength and workability. The results showed that local Sudanese materials can be used to successfully produce concrete with a compressive strength of 80 MPa when combined with supplementary cementitious materials. Water-cement ratio had an inverse relationship with compressive strength. Silica fume improved short and long-term concrete properties while fly ash inversely affected 28-day strength. The study aims to provide insights for producing
IRJET-Effect of Mixed Fiber Reinforced Concrete Exposed to Different Exposure...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the effect of mixed fiber reinforced concrete exposed to different conditions. Cubic concrete specimens containing various combinations of steel and glass fibers were cast and exposed to either water or 5% sulfuric acid solutions. The specimens were tested after 7 and 28 days to evaluate properties like compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), and weight loss. The results showed that concrete with a 50% glass fiber and 50% steel fiber mixture performed best in terms of UPV values and compressive strength gain when exposed to both water and acid conditions. Specimens exposed to acid generally showed higher UPV and lower weight loss compared to those cured in water. The study aims to evaluate the durability of fiber
DURABILITY STUDIES OF GGBS AND METAKAOLIN BASED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE Ijciet 08...IAEME Publication
The objective of this research work was to produce a carbon dioxide emission free cementious
material. The geopolymer concrete is such a vital and promising one. In this study, geopolymer is
prepared from ‘Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag’ (GGBS) a powder from grinding the byproduct
of slag waste from blast furnace of steel plants and metakaolin from industry. The Alkaline
liquids used in this study for the polymerization process are the solutions of sodium hydroxide
(NaoH) and sodium silicate (Na2Sio3).A 8 Molarity and 10 Molarity solutions was taken to prepare
the mix. The cube compressive strength was calculated for different mixes. The cube specimens are
taken of size 150 mm x 150 mm x 150 mm. Ambient curing of concrete at room temperature was
adopted. In total 180 cubes were casted for their compressive strength at age of 28 days
respectively. The test data indicate that on exposure to 5% Sodium Sulphate, Sulphuric Acid and
Sodium Chloride, the losses in weight, and strength of geopolymer concrete (GPC) are
significantly much less than those for cement concrete. Thus the geopolymer concrete is considered
to be an environmentally pollution free construction material.
IRJET- Replacement of Fine Aggregate in Concrete using Construction Demolishe...IRJET Journal
The document studies the effect of partially replacing fine aggregate with construction demolished waste in concrete on workability and compressive strength over 7 and 28 days. Tests found that concrete with 12% fine aggregate replacement showed marginally lower 28-day compressive strength than conventional concrete but still met strength requirements. The results indicate demolished waste has potential to be reused as a partial substitute for natural aggregates in concrete.
An Experimental Investigation on Strength Behavior of Concrete by Replacing N...ijsrd.com
Concrete is one of the most widely used construction material in the world. Destruction of concrete structure due to natural calamities like earthquake, tsunami or by the bombardment, it has became a major problem in finding place for dumping the concrete debris particularly in urban areas. This paper deals with the study of strength of concrete incorporating Recycled Aggregate concrete. The main objectives of this investigation is to find out up to what percentage the Natural Coarse Aggregate (N.C.A) can be replaced by R.C.A in the concrete mix and to find out the extra quantity of cement to be added for each percentage replacement by R.C.A to achieve its target mean strength A series of test were carried out to determine the compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength with and without recycled aggregates. Natural coarse aggregates in concrete were replaced with 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of crushed concrete coarse aggregate. For the strength characteristics, the result showed a gradual decrease in compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural and modulus of elasticity as the percentage of recycled aggregate is increased.
IRJET - Study on High Strength Concrete by using Replacement of Metakaolin an...IRJET Journal
This study investigates the use of metakaolin and copper slag as replacements for cement and fine aggregate respectively in concrete to improve strength and durability. Various literature studies showed that replacing cement with 7.5-15% metakaolin and replacing fine aggregate with 25-50% copper slag increased compressive strength by up to 40% compared to conventional concrete. The objectives of this study are to determine the optimal percentages of metakaolin and copper slag replacements. Concrete mixes with 0-12.5% metakaolin and 0-50% copper slag will be tested to evaluate compressive strength, split tensile strength and workability. The results will provide information on utilizing industrial byproducts in concrete production to enhance sustainability.
IRJET- A Study on Influence of Graphene Oxide Powder on Compressive Strength ...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of a study on the influence of graphene oxide powder on the compressive strength of concrete. Various percentages of graphene oxide powder (0%, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, and 0.04% by weight of cement) were added to concrete mixes with different water-cement ratios. Tests found that workability was maintained at different water-cement ratios. Compressive strength generally increased with the addition of graphene oxide powder up to 0.03%, with the highest strength achieved at 0.03%. Curve fitting identified the best fit equations for mix design based on the compressive strength results.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Properties of Light Weight Foam ConcreteIRJET Journal
- The document experimentally studies the properties of lightweight foam concrete with the addition of fly ash as a cement replacement.
- Fly ash is used to replace cement in definite proportions, and the influence on the strength and density of foam concrete is analyzed.
- The results show that replacing fine aggregate with fly ash helps increase the strength of foam concrete at lower densities, allowing for a higher strength-to-density ratio and making it a more sustainable and cost-effective material.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Performance of Concrete Containing Zeolite as a Supplementary Cementitious Ma...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of a study on the performance of concrete containing zeolite as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM). Seventeen concrete mixtures were prepared with 0-40% replacement of Portland cement with untreated and calcined zeolite. The fresh and hardened concrete properties were tested. The main findings were that zeolite reduced workability but a water reducer was able to maintain workability. Untreated zeolite concrete had higher density while calcined zeolite concrete was lighter. Compressive strength improved at 10% replacement but declined at 25-40% replacement compared to the control concrete. Thus, zeolite can be used as a SCM to improve strength and enable production of lighter weight concrete.
IRJET- Manufacturing of Stabilized Blocks using Shedi SoilIRJET Journal
This document discusses research into producing stabilized soil blocks using lithomargic or "shedi" soil found in western India. The goals are to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from cement production and use a more sustainable local material. Various mixtures of shedi soil, cement, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and sodium hydroxide were tested to determine optimum strength and water absorption properties. The highest compressive strengths were found in mixtures containing 25% GGBS, 3-4% cement, and negligible sodium hydroxide. These blocks could be an economical and environmentally-friendly alternative to conventional clay or concrete blocks.
IRJET- Effects of Varying Recycled Glass and Groundnut Shell Ash on Strength ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that examined the effects of incorporating recycled glass and groundnut shell ash (GSA) on the strength and durability properties of self-consolidating high performance concrete (SCHPC). Concrete cubes containing varying percentages (0-40%) of recycled glass as aggregate and GSA as a binder additive were produced and tested. Test results showed that SCHPC incorporating GSA and recycled glass had improved rheological and mechanical properties compared to the control concrete when cured in calcium chloride and magnesium sulfate solutions. Incorporating these waste materials in SCHPC can provide environmental benefits while also improving concrete properties.
Experimental Investigation on Durability Properties of Silica Fume blended Hi...IRJET Journal
This study investigated the strength and durability properties of silica fume blended high strength concrete (HSC). Three concrete mixes (M60, M70, M80) were prepared by replacing 15% of cement with silica fume. Compressive strength and sorpitivity tests were conducted on cubes and cylinders cured for 7, 14, and 28 days. Results showed the M70 and M80 mixes achieved higher compressive strengths compared to M60, with M80 reaching 59.89 MPa and 80.09 MPa at 7 and 28 days. Sorpitivity tests found the rate of water penetration decreased with curing time for all mixes, indicating improved durability. The study demonstrated adding silica fume
IRJET- Partial Replacement of Cement with Fly Ash Cenospheres in Cement C...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research into partially replacing cement with fly ash cenospheres in concrete. Experimental tests were conducted replacing cement at levels of 0%, 4%, 8%, 12%, 16%, and 20% by mass. Compressive, split tensile, and flexural strength tests were performed on samples cured for 7 and 28 days. The results showed that replacing 8% of cement with cenospheres improved compressive strength by 11.69%, split tensile strength by 26.2%, and flexural strength by 33.73% compared to normal concrete. Replacing more than 8% of cement reduced strengths below design limits. Thus, the optimum replacement of cement with cenospheres was determined to be 8%
A study on influence of fly ash and nano silica on strength properties of co...IAEME Publication
The document discusses a study on the influence of fly ash and nano-silica on the strength properties of concrete. Concrete samples were produced by partially replacing cement with 20% and 30% fly ash and 1.5%, 3%, and 4.5% nano-silica. The compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths of the samples were tested and compared to a control concrete. The results showed that concrete with 20% fly ash and 3% nano-silica replacement achieved the highest strengths. The increased strengths are attributed to improved particle packing and additional binder from the fly ash and nano-silica.
Evaluation of durability properties of recycled aggregate concrete incorporat...IEI GSC
The document summarizes an evaluation of the durability properties of recycled aggregate concrete incorporating fly ash and silica fume. It includes a literature review on previous studies of recycled aggregate concrete. An experimental program involved developing mix designs for control concrete and concretes with 50% and 100% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with recycled aggregate. Specimens were tested for properties like acid resistance, sulfate resistance, carbonation rate, and water impermeability. Results showed recycled aggregate concretes had higher weight loss in acid, higher strength reduction due to acid and sulfate exposure, and higher carbonation rates compared to control concrete, with effects increasing with higher recycled aggregate content.
An Experimental Investigation on Self Compacting Concrete with Artificial Fin...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation on the properties of self-compacting concrete that uses artificial fine aggregate as a replacement for natural fine aggregate. The study tested different mixtures with cement replaced by fly ash, silica fume, and metakaolin. The concrete mixtures were tested for workability, mechanical properties like compressive strength, and durability properties like water absorption and acid resistance. The results showed that the artificial fine aggregate concrete mixtures met workability standards and had improved strength and durability compared to natural aggregate concrete.
IRJET- An Experimental Study on Strength of Concrete with Partial Replacement...IRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on using copper slag and quarry dust as partial replacements for fine aggregate in concrete. Various concrete mixes were tested with copper slag and quarry dust replacements ranging from 0-45%. Specimens were cured for 7-28 days and tested for compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths. The results showed that concrete with a 40% fine aggregate replacement achieved the highest compressive strength of 41.87 MPa. Split tensile strengths were also higher than the control mix for replacements up to 15%. Thus, the study demonstrates that using industrial wastes like copper slag and quarry dust as partial replacements for fine aggregate in concrete can improve strength properties while providing environmental and economic benefits.
The document discusses the effects of micro silica particle size and dosage on the compressive strength of concrete. 240 concrete cube specimens were made with micro silica particle sizes of 20, 45, 90, 125, and 250 microns and replacement levels of cement of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. Testing found that compressive strength increased as particle size decreased and was highest for 20 micron particle size and 20% cement replacement. The optimum strength was 42% higher than the control mix at 28 days. Smaller particle size provides a greater surface area and allows better accommodation in the cement porous structure.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation for Strength of Concrete by using Fly AshIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation into the strength of concrete when using fly ash. Fly ash from various sources was used to replace 25% of cement by weight or volume in mortar mixes. The mixes were tested at various water-to-binder ratios and cured for up to 90 days. Testing showed that early strength was lower with fly ash but most mixes recovered strength by 28 days. Finer fly ashes performed equal to or better than ordinary Portland cement after 28 days. The results indicate that fly ash can provide strength improvements to concrete while providing economic and environmental benefits over pure cement.
Experimental Investigation on Durability Properties of Self Compacting Concre...IRJET Journal
The document discusses experimental investigation on the durability properties of self-compacting concrete by partially replacing fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). It provides background on self-compacting concrete and discusses guidelines and specifications for acceptance criteria. It then reviews several previous studies that investigated replacing natural aggregates or cement with recycled materials and assessed fresh and hardened concrete properties. The literature review found that replacement of up to 30% aggregates or cement resulted in only minor decreases in compressive strength while improving sustainability.
IRJET- Experimental Study of Concrete with Excavated Soil as a Fine AggregateIRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study to evaluate the use of excavated soil as a replacement for fine aggregate in concrete. Standard tests were conducted on concrete specimens made with conventional river sand and with excavated soil. The following conclusions were drawn:
1. Compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths were all higher in concrete made with excavated soil compared to conventional concrete at 7, 14, and 28 days.
2. Sieve analysis showed the gradation of the excavated soil was similar to river sand.
3. Based on the results, the study concluded that excavated soil is a suitable replacement for river sand in concrete.
This document discusses a study on the effect of using Sudanese aggregates and supplementary cementitious materials like silica fume and fly ash to produce high strength concrete. Hundreds of concrete specimens with different mixtures of local materials, silica fume, fly ash, and water-cement ratios were tested to determine compressive strength and workability. The results showed that local Sudanese materials can be used to successfully produce concrete with a compressive strength of 80 MPa when combined with supplementary cementitious materials. Water-cement ratio had an inverse relationship with compressive strength. Silica fume improved short and long-term concrete properties while fly ash inversely affected 28-day strength. The study aims to provide insights for producing
IRJET-Effect of Mixed Fiber Reinforced Concrete Exposed to Different Exposure...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the effect of mixed fiber reinforced concrete exposed to different conditions. Cubic concrete specimens containing various combinations of steel and glass fibers were cast and exposed to either water or 5% sulfuric acid solutions. The specimens were tested after 7 and 28 days to evaluate properties like compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), and weight loss. The results showed that concrete with a 50% glass fiber and 50% steel fiber mixture performed best in terms of UPV values and compressive strength gain when exposed to both water and acid conditions. Specimens exposed to acid generally showed higher UPV and lower weight loss compared to those cured in water. The study aims to evaluate the durability of fiber
DURABILITY STUDIES OF GGBS AND METAKAOLIN BASED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE Ijciet 08...IAEME Publication
The objective of this research work was to produce a carbon dioxide emission free cementious
material. The geopolymer concrete is such a vital and promising one. In this study, geopolymer is
prepared from ‘Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag’ (GGBS) a powder from grinding the byproduct
of slag waste from blast furnace of steel plants and metakaolin from industry. The Alkaline
liquids used in this study for the polymerization process are the solutions of sodium hydroxide
(NaoH) and sodium silicate (Na2Sio3).A 8 Molarity and 10 Molarity solutions was taken to prepare
the mix. The cube compressive strength was calculated for different mixes. The cube specimens are
taken of size 150 mm x 150 mm x 150 mm. Ambient curing of concrete at room temperature was
adopted. In total 180 cubes were casted for their compressive strength at age of 28 days
respectively. The test data indicate that on exposure to 5% Sodium Sulphate, Sulphuric Acid and
Sodium Chloride, the losses in weight, and strength of geopolymer concrete (GPC) are
significantly much less than those for cement concrete. Thus the geopolymer concrete is considered
to be an environmentally pollution free construction material.
IRJET- Replacement of Fine Aggregate in Concrete using Construction Demolishe...IRJET Journal
The document studies the effect of partially replacing fine aggregate with construction demolished waste in concrete on workability and compressive strength over 7 and 28 days. Tests found that concrete with 12% fine aggregate replacement showed marginally lower 28-day compressive strength than conventional concrete but still met strength requirements. The results indicate demolished waste has potential to be reused as a partial substitute for natural aggregates in concrete.
An Experimental Investigation on Strength Behavior of Concrete by Replacing N...ijsrd.com
Concrete is one of the most widely used construction material in the world. Destruction of concrete structure due to natural calamities like earthquake, tsunami or by the bombardment, it has became a major problem in finding place for dumping the concrete debris particularly in urban areas. This paper deals with the study of strength of concrete incorporating Recycled Aggregate concrete. The main objectives of this investigation is to find out up to what percentage the Natural Coarse Aggregate (N.C.A) can be replaced by R.C.A in the concrete mix and to find out the extra quantity of cement to be added for each percentage replacement by R.C.A to achieve its target mean strength A series of test were carried out to determine the compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength with and without recycled aggregates. Natural coarse aggregates in concrete were replaced with 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of crushed concrete coarse aggregate. For the strength characteristics, the result showed a gradual decrease in compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural and modulus of elasticity as the percentage of recycled aggregate is increased.
IRJET - Study on High Strength Concrete by using Replacement of Metakaolin an...IRJET Journal
This study investigates the use of metakaolin and copper slag as replacements for cement and fine aggregate respectively in concrete to improve strength and durability. Various literature studies showed that replacing cement with 7.5-15% metakaolin and replacing fine aggregate with 25-50% copper slag increased compressive strength by up to 40% compared to conventional concrete. The objectives of this study are to determine the optimal percentages of metakaolin and copper slag replacements. Concrete mixes with 0-12.5% metakaolin and 0-50% copper slag will be tested to evaluate compressive strength, split tensile strength and workability. The results will provide information on utilizing industrial byproducts in concrete production to enhance sustainability.
IRJET- A Study on Influence of Graphene Oxide Powder on Compressive Strength ...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of a study on the influence of graphene oxide powder on the compressive strength of concrete. Various percentages of graphene oxide powder (0%, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, and 0.04% by weight of cement) were added to concrete mixes with different water-cement ratios. Tests found that workability was maintained at different water-cement ratios. Compressive strength generally increased with the addition of graphene oxide powder up to 0.03%, with the highest strength achieved at 0.03%. Curve fitting identified the best fit equations for mix design based on the compressive strength results.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Properties of Light Weight Foam ConcreteIRJET Journal
- The document experimentally studies the properties of lightweight foam concrete with the addition of fly ash as a cement replacement.
- Fly ash is used to replace cement in definite proportions, and the influence on the strength and density of foam concrete is analyzed.
- The results show that replacing fine aggregate with fly ash helps increase the strength of foam concrete at lower densities, allowing for a higher strength-to-density ratio and making it a more sustainable and cost-effective material.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Performance of Concrete Containing Zeolite as a Supplementary Cementitious Ma...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of a study on the performance of concrete containing zeolite as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM). Seventeen concrete mixtures were prepared with 0-40% replacement of Portland cement with untreated and calcined zeolite. The fresh and hardened concrete properties were tested. The main findings were that zeolite reduced workability but a water reducer was able to maintain workability. Untreated zeolite concrete had higher density while calcined zeolite concrete was lighter. Compressive strength improved at 10% replacement but declined at 25-40% replacement compared to the control concrete. Thus, zeolite can be used as a SCM to improve strength and enable production of lighter weight concrete.
IRJET- Manufacturing of Stabilized Blocks using Shedi SoilIRJET Journal
This document discusses research into producing stabilized soil blocks using lithomargic or "shedi" soil found in western India. The goals are to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from cement production and use a more sustainable local material. Various mixtures of shedi soil, cement, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and sodium hydroxide were tested to determine optimum strength and water absorption properties. The highest compressive strengths were found in mixtures containing 25% GGBS, 3-4% cement, and negligible sodium hydroxide. These blocks could be an economical and environmentally-friendly alternative to conventional clay or concrete blocks.
IRJET- Effects of Varying Recycled Glass and Groundnut Shell Ash on Strength ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that examined the effects of incorporating recycled glass and groundnut shell ash (GSA) on the strength and durability properties of self-consolidating high performance concrete (SCHPC). Concrete cubes containing varying percentages (0-40%) of recycled glass as aggregate and GSA as a binder additive were produced and tested. Test results showed that SCHPC incorporating GSA and recycled glass had improved rheological and mechanical properties compared to the control concrete when cured in calcium chloride and magnesium sulfate solutions. Incorporating these waste materials in SCHPC can provide environmental benefits while also improving concrete properties.
Experimental Investigation on Durability Properties of Silica Fume blended Hi...IRJET Journal
This study investigated the strength and durability properties of silica fume blended high strength concrete (HSC). Three concrete mixes (M60, M70, M80) were prepared by replacing 15% of cement with silica fume. Compressive strength and sorpitivity tests were conducted on cubes and cylinders cured for 7, 14, and 28 days. Results showed the M70 and M80 mixes achieved higher compressive strengths compared to M60, with M80 reaching 59.89 MPa and 80.09 MPa at 7 and 28 days. Sorpitivity tests found the rate of water penetration decreased with curing time for all mixes, indicating improved durability. The study demonstrated adding silica fume
IRJET- Partial Replacement of Cement with Fly Ash Cenospheres in Cement C...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research into partially replacing cement with fly ash cenospheres in concrete. Experimental tests were conducted replacing cement at levels of 0%, 4%, 8%, 12%, 16%, and 20% by mass. Compressive, split tensile, and flexural strength tests were performed on samples cured for 7 and 28 days. The results showed that replacing 8% of cement with cenospheres improved compressive strength by 11.69%, split tensile strength by 26.2%, and flexural strength by 33.73% compared to normal concrete. Replacing more than 8% of cement reduced strengths below design limits. Thus, the optimum replacement of cement with cenospheres was determined to be 8%
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
EFFECT ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE USING FINE AGGREGATE AS PARTIAL R...IRJET Journal
This document investigates the effect of using fly ash as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete. Fly ash is a byproduct of coal combustion in thermal power plants and its utilization remains low. The study designs concrete mixes with fly ash replacing fine sand at percentages between 46-54%. The compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity of the concrete mixes are then tested at 7 and 28 days. The results are analyzed to understand the impact of different fly ash replacement levels on the mechanical properties of concrete.
IRJET- An Experimental Study on Air Entrained Mortar by Utilising Lather AgentIRJET Journal
This document presents research on producing an air-entrained mortar utilizing sugarcane ash and a lather agent. Mortar samples were produced with 10%, 30%, and 50% cement replaced by sugarcane ash. The samples were tested for compressive strength and water absorption at 7, 14, and 28 days. Results showed compressive strengths of 11.2 MPa, 8.5 MPa, and 7.3 MPa respectively for the 10%, 30%, and 50% sugarcane ash replacements compared to 12.5 MPa for a conventional mortar. Water absorption also increased with higher sugarcane ash content. The study concludes the mortar produced is beneficial due to lower cost and weight while being
IRJET- Characteristic Strength of Polymer Impregnated ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document presents research on improving the strength and durability of concrete by impregnating it with epoxy resin. Conventional concrete specimens and epoxy impregnated concrete specimens were tested under compression, flexure, and splitting tension at 28 days. Test results showed the impregnated concrete had significantly higher strengths - compressive strength was 32.8-33.1 MPa compared to 27.8-27.9 MPa for conventional concrete, flexural strength was 13.7-14.25 MPa compared to 8.25-8.75 MPa, and splitting tensile strength was 3.81-3.96 MPa compared to 2.78-2.91 MPa. The
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON STRENGTH OF CONCRETE BY USING NANO- SILICA AND ...IRJET Journal
- The document experimentally investigates the strength of concrete when cement is partially replaced by nano-silica and fly ash.
- Testing was done on concrete cubes with cement replaced 20-30% by fly ash and 1.5-4.5% by nano-silica. The highest compressive strength was achieved with 20% fly ash and 3% nano-silica replacement.
- Results showed that up to 3% nano-silica replacement, compressive strength initially increased then decreased with further nano-silica for a given fly ash content. Replacing over 30% cement with fly ash decreased strength below the control mix.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON BEHAVIOUR OF NANO CONCRETEIAEME Publication
The influence of Nano-Silica on various properties of concrete is obtained by replacing the cement with various percentages of Nano-Silica. Nano-Silica is used as a partial replacement for cement in the range of 2.5%, 3%, and 3.5% for M25 mix. Specimens are casted using Nano-Silica concrete. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the compressive strength, split tensile and flexural strength of Nano-Silica concrete at the age of 7 and 28 days. Results indicate that the concrete, by using Nano-Silica powder, was able to increase its compressive strength. However, the density is reduced compared to standard mix of concrete. The replacement of cement with 3% Nano-Silica results in higher strength and reduction in the permeability than the controlled concrete. The replacement of cement with Nano-Silica more than 3% results in the reduction of various properties of Nano-Silica concrete.
Effect of Partial Replacement of Cement by Fly Ash and Metakaolin on Concrete...IRJET Journal
This study investigated the effects of partially replacing cement with fly ash and metakaolin, and using manufactured sand (M-sand) instead of river sand on the compressive and split tensile strengths of concrete. Several concrete mixes were tested with cement replaced at 15% with metakaolin and fly ash at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The results showed improvements in strength properties compared to a control mix. Compressive strength was found to increase with greater percentages of metakaolin and fly ash replacement. The study concluded that using metakaolin and fly ash as partial replacements for cement can enhance concrete strength while reducing costs and environmental impacts.
Analyzing Strength and Durability of Construction & Demolition Waste based co...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes the strength and durability of concrete bricks made by substituting construction and demolition (C&D) waste for coarse aggregate at different ratios. Various tests were conducted on the bricks to evaluate properties like compressive strength at different curing periods, water absorption, and resistance to sulfate and chloride attacks. The results showed that compressive strength generally increased with curing time but decreased with higher C&D waste content, while water absorption and effects of environmental exposures also increased with more C&D waste.
Effect of Limewater on the Properties of Binary Blended Cementitious CompositeIRJET Journal
This document studied the effect of limewater on the properties of cement mixtures containing silica fume. Tests were conducted on cement mixtures with 0-50% replacement of cement with silica fume, and mixing with either water or saturated limewater. Using limewater increased both initial and final setting times compared to water. Compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength were highest with 30% silica fume replacement and limewater mixing, showing increases of 34.7%, 60.96%, and 46.91% respectively over the control mixture without silica fume or limewater at 28 days. In conclusion, limewater improved the mechanical properties of cement mixtures with 30% silica fume replacement.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on Glass Fibre Reinforced ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental investigation on the properties of glass fibre reinforced concrete (GFRC). Testing was conducted on conventional concrete (Mix 1) and GFRC (Mix 2) to determine workability, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength at 7 and 28 days. The results showed that GFRC had higher strengths in all areas compared to conventional concrete, with compressive strength approximately 20-25% greater. Specifically, at 28 days Mix 2 achieved 41.1 MPa for compressive strength, 3.97 MPa for split tensile strength, and 4.92 MPa for flexural strength compared to Mix 1's results of 33.22 MPa, 3.17 MPa,
Study of Mechanical Properties of Concrete with Nano ZirconiaIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of adding nano zirconia powder on the mechanical properties of concrete. Nano zirconia was added at percentages ranging from 0% to 1.2% and concrete specimens were tested after 28 days. Test results showed that compressive, tensile, and impact strengths increased with the addition of up to 0.2% nano zirconia compared to normal concrete. However, strengths started to decrease with additions over 0.2%. The 0.2% nano zirconia mix also demonstrated improved workability. Therefore, the study concludes that adding 0.2% nano zirconia improves the mechanical properties of concrete the most.
IRJET-Infrared Thermal Face Recognition under Temporal VariationIRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study on the strength properties of concrete with the addition of nanosilica. Cubes of M20 and M30 grade concrete were produced with 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5% partial replacement of cement with nanosilica. The cubes were tested for compressive strength and workability after 7 and 28 days of curing. For both grades, compressive strength initially decreased with 0.5% nanosilica but then increased up to 2% replacement, above which it decreased again. The 2% replacement provided the highest 7 and 28-day compressive strengths, increasing up to 15.9% and 18.7
IRJET- CharactCharacteristic Study on Behaviour of Integral Crystalline Water...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the use of integral crystalline waterproofing concrete where cement is partially replaced with fly ash, GGBS, silica fume, or rice husk ash along with the addition of a crystalline waterproofing agent. Compressive strength tests were performed on concrete cubes at 7, 14, and 28 days that used each replacement material at different percentages along with 2% crystalline waterproofing agent. The results showed that concrete with 10% fly ash replacement and 2% crystalline waterproofing agent had the lowest 28-day compressive strength, while concrete with 20% GGBS replacement and 2% crystalline waterproofing agent had the highest 28-day compressive strength. In conclusion, the addition of crystalline
IRJET- Comparative Study on SCC with Particle Packing Density and Efnarc ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that compares self-compacting concrete (SCC) mixes designed using particle packing density and EFNARC guidelines. The study evaluated the fresh and hardened properties of SCC mixes with 20% fly ash replacement and water-cement ratios of 0.30, 0.33, and 0.35. Tests on fresh concrete included slump flow, V-funnel, L-box, and J-ring, while compressive and split tensile strengths were evaluated on hardened concrete at 7 and 28 days. Results showed the particle packing density mixes achieved higher compressive and split tensile strengths compared to EFNARC mixes. The study concluded particle packing density is an effective method for SCC mix design
IRJET- High Performance Concrete by using M Sand with Admixture 300IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research into producing high performance concrete by using manufactured sand (M sand) with a 0.5% dosage of admixture 300. The research partially replaces cement with 10% silica fume and 10% fly ash. Tests were conducted on concrete mixtures with varying admixture dosages to evaluate workability, compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, and self-compacting properties. The results showed that concrete with 10% silica fume, 10% fly ash, and 0.5% admixture dosage exhibited the highest strengths while maintaining adequate workability. Using M sand and admixtures provides a stronger and more durable concrete that is also more economical and environmentally friendly.
IRJET- VStudy on Strength and Durability Properties of Concrete using Steel S...IRJET Journal
This study investigated the strength and durability properties of concrete using steel slag as a replacement for crushed stone coarse aggregate. A total of 81 concrete cubes, cylinders, and prisms were cast with 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% replacements of steel slag aggregate. Additional mixes replaced 100% of the coarse aggregate with steel slag both with and without silica fume. The concrete was tested for mechanical properties such as compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and flexural strength as well as durability properties including acid attack resistance and rapid chloride permeability. Test results showed that 50% replacement of steel slag achieved similar mechanical properties as the crushed stone control mix. Durability properties were also comparable or better than the control mix. Therefore
Experimental Work on Carbon Fibre Reinforced Concrete Using Coconut Shell as ...IRJET Journal
1. The document presents the results of an experimental study investigating the compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete with partial replacement of coarse aggregate with coconut shell and addition of carbon fibers.
2. The study found that at 5% replacement of coarse aggregate with coconut shell, the compressive strength of concrete at 7 and 28 days was 39.08 and 55.68 MPa respectively.
3. The addition of 1.0% carbon fibers resulted in a compressive strength of 44.51 and 63.67 MPa at 7 and 28 days respectively.
4. The combination of 5% coconut shell and 1.0% carbon fibers achieved the highest compressive strength of 50.02 and 71
Strength and Durability Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete With Micro Sil...IRJET Journal
This study investigated the strength and durability properties of self-compacting concrete with micro silica and nano silica. Tests were conducted on concrete mixtures with 0-20% micro silica and 0-4% nano silica replacements. Results showed that a combination of 15% micro silica and 3% nano silica increased the compressive strength by 25.61%, split tensile strength by 25%, and flexural strength by 19% compared to normal self-compacting concrete. This combination also improved properties like saturated water absorption, sulfate resistance, and acid resistance. In conclusion, a combination of micro silica and nano silica provided the best performance for strength and durability in self-compacting concrete.
Similar to IRJET- Properties of Cellular Concrete with Inclusion of Silica Fume in Presence of Emulsifying Foaming Agents (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
UNLOCKING HEALTHCARE 4.0: NAVIGATING CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS FOR EFFECTIVE I...amsjournal
The Fourth Industrial Revolution is transforming industries, including healthcare, by integrating digital,
physical, and biological technologies. This study examines the integration of 4.0 technologies into
healthcare, identifying success factors and challenges through interviews with 70 stakeholders from 33
countries. Healthcare is evolving significantly, with varied objectives across nations aiming to improve
population health. The study explores stakeholders' perceptions on critical success factors, identifying
challenges such as insufficiently trained personnel, organizational silos, and structural barriers to data
exchange. Facilitators for integration include cost reduction initiatives and interoperability policies.
Technologies like IoT, Big Data, AI, Machine Learning, and robotics enhance diagnostics, treatment
precision, and real-time monitoring, reducing errors and optimizing resource utilization. Automation
improves employee satisfaction and patient care, while Blockchain and telemedicine drive cost reductions.
Successful integration requires skilled professionals and supportive policies, promising efficient resource
use, lower error rates, and accelerated processes, leading to optimized global healthcare outcomes.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
The CBC machine is a common diagnostic tool used by doctors to measure a patient's red blood cell count, white blood cell count and platelet count. The machine uses a small sample of the patient's blood, which is then placed into special tubes and analyzed. The results of the analysis are then displayed on a screen for the doctor to review. The CBC machine is an important tool for diagnosing various conditions, such as anemia, infection and leukemia. It can also help to monitor a patient's response to treatment.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024