DRM (Digital Radio Mondiale) is an open standard for digital radio broadcasting that can be used as a replacement for analog AM radio. It allows transmission of higher quality audio and additional data services. DRM uses existing frequency bands and requires only minor upgrades to existing transmission infrastructure. Key benefits of DRM include more efficient spectrum use, lower transmission power needs, multilingual capabilities, and an emergency alerting feature. Field tests of DRM transmissions in the 26MHz band in India found good audio quality and reception over a range of 7km, demonstrating its potential for local digital radio coverage.
This document discusses and compares TETRA and P25 digital radio communication standards. It provides an overview of what TETRA and P25 are, including their key elements and interfaces. The pros and cons of each standard are outlined, noting that TETRA is optimized for high population density areas while P25 is better suited for wider area coverage. A multi-technology platform is proposed that can support TETRA, P25 Phase I/II, and WiMAX using a common architecture with benefits for different sectors including transport, utilities, and public safety services. Application examples are given for using the standards for transportation communications.
TETRA is a digital trunked radio standard developed for professional mobile radio communications. It allows for voice and data communication through trunked networks. TETRA networks are used by public safety and commercial organizations like police, fire, ambulance services, and transportation companies. TETRA provides benefits over analog systems like better voice quality, secure group calling, and integration of data services.
Designed with mission critical technology, Hytera Tetra digital radio system is bringing in a communication solution of real-world reliability to your demanding working scenarios.
This document discusses information technology in telecommunications. It describes how IT has enabled the operation of telecommunication networks through network management systems that can detect failures in remote devices and manage faults from a control room. It also discusses implementations of key telecommunication technologies like UMTS/3G and the role of IT in supporting the Indian telecom software industry. Major Indian software companies like Wipro, Tech Mahindra and TCS are growing due to increased demand for software services in the telecom sector to support mobile data growth and new technologies.
The document provides an introduction to TETRA technology, which is a digital trunked radio standard developed by ETSI. Some key points:
- TETRA supports integrated voice and data services using TDMA technology with high spectral efficiency. It allows secure communication and fast call setup.
- TETRA enables connectivity between different radio networks and direct communication between radios without network infrastructure.
- The standard defines interfaces to ensure interoperability between equipment from different manufacturers and development of applications.
1. WCDMA uses code division multiple access (CDMA) which allows users to be separated by unique codes rather than frequency or time. It uses direct sequence spreading to spread user data over a wide bandwidth.
2. WCDMA supports quality of service by allowing different transport format combinations for radio frames to support both real-time and non-real-time services simultaneously. It uses dedicated and shared channels.
3. Key concepts of WCDMA include processing gain from spreading, fast power control, soft handover, a RAKE receiver for diversity, and orthogonal variable spreading factor codes to support different data rates.
This document discusses and compares TETRA and P25 digital radio communication standards. It provides an overview of what TETRA and P25 are, including their key elements and interfaces. The pros and cons of each standard are outlined, noting that TETRA is optimized for high population density areas while P25 is better suited for wider area coverage. A multi-technology platform is proposed that can support TETRA, P25 Phase I/II, and WiMAX using a common architecture with benefits for different sectors including transport, utilities, and public safety services. Application examples are given for using the standards for transportation communications.
TETRA is a digital trunked radio standard developed for professional mobile radio communications. It allows for voice and data communication through trunked networks. TETRA networks are used by public safety and commercial organizations like police, fire, ambulance services, and transportation companies. TETRA provides benefits over analog systems like better voice quality, secure group calling, and integration of data services.
Designed with mission critical technology, Hytera Tetra digital radio system is bringing in a communication solution of real-world reliability to your demanding working scenarios.
This document discusses information technology in telecommunications. It describes how IT has enabled the operation of telecommunication networks through network management systems that can detect failures in remote devices and manage faults from a control room. It also discusses implementations of key telecommunication technologies like UMTS/3G and the role of IT in supporting the Indian telecom software industry. Major Indian software companies like Wipro, Tech Mahindra and TCS are growing due to increased demand for software services in the telecom sector to support mobile data growth and new technologies.
The document provides an introduction to TETRA technology, which is a digital trunked radio standard developed by ETSI. Some key points:
- TETRA supports integrated voice and data services using TDMA technology with high spectral efficiency. It allows secure communication and fast call setup.
- TETRA enables connectivity between different radio networks and direct communication between radios without network infrastructure.
- The standard defines interfaces to ensure interoperability between equipment from different manufacturers and development of applications.
1. WCDMA uses code division multiple access (CDMA) which allows users to be separated by unique codes rather than frequency or time. It uses direct sequence spreading to spread user data over a wide bandwidth.
2. WCDMA supports quality of service by allowing different transport format combinations for radio frames to support both real-time and non-real-time services simultaneously. It uses dedicated and shared channels.
3. Key concepts of WCDMA include processing gain from spreading, fast power control, soft handover, a RAKE receiver for diversity, and orthogonal variable spreading factor codes to support different data rates.
This document provides an outline for a 3G tutorial presentation. It begins with a brief history of mobile radio technology and discusses the evolution from 1G to 2G networks. It then outlines topics that will be covered in the presentation including evolving network architectures, services, applications, and business models related to 3G. The document provides an overview of 3G standards including W-CDMA, CDMA2000, and TD-SCDMA as well as the various spectrum bands being used for 3G networks globally.
This document provides an overview of GSM principles and network structure. It discusses key aspects of the GSM system including frequency reuse, multiple access techniques, network components, numbering plans and identifiers. The objectives are to understand the GSM system, its structure, protocols, channel combinations, radio techniques and the introduction of GPRS and EDGE. It contains detailed descriptions and illustrations of concepts such as cells, frequency division duplexing, time division multiple access, frequency planning and network interfaces.
This document summarizes an ITU-T recommendation that specifies maximum limits for jitter and wander in digital networks based on the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH). It defines network interface limits for jitter and wander to ensure interoperability between equipment from different manufacturers and satisfactory network performance. It also specifies minimum equipment tolerance requirements for jitter and wander at SDH network interfaces. The recommendation provides a framework for controlling and limiting the accumulation of jitter and wander throughout SDH networks.
IRJET- A Review on Mobile Computing Wireless Communication Technology using 0...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of mobile computing and wireless communication technologies from 0G to 7G. It begins with an abstract that outlines the evolution of mobile wireless generations. The body then discusses each generation in more detail, describing the key technologies, features, and advancements of 0G, 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G, and 7G. The review concludes that research is ongoing into future 6G and 7G technologies to further improve upon capabilities introduced in previous generations.
Military forces require situational awareness no matter
where they are located. From warfighters in the field,
sailors on Navy ships, troops in flight and decision
makers at central command, everyone must share a
common operating picture to accomplish the mission.
Yet, that can be significantly challenging when troops
are constantly in motion, traveling across land,
sea and air.
This document discusses TETRA terminals and extending network coverage using gateways and repeaters. It describes how gateways connect direct mode users to the trunked mode network, extending coverage. Repeaters are used to extend the range between direct mode users. The document provides examples of gateway and repeater applications. It also discusses product compliance and TETRA interoperability, noting that over 300 interoperability certificates have been issued to ensure equipment from different manufacturers can function together.
3G is defined by the ITU and called IMT-2000. It evolved from 2G technologies through intermediary 2.5G and 3.5G standards. UMTS is the 3G standard developed by 3GPP as an upgrade from GSM, using W-CDMA technology. UMTS network architecture consists of the core network, UTRAN radio access network, and user equipment. The UTRAN air interface uses W-CDMA technology with Node-B base stations controlled by RNCs. 3.5G technologies like HSPA extend UMTS with features like adaptive modulation and fast scheduling to enhance performance.
Wireless communication and its standardsM.k. Praveen
The document discusses wireless communication standards and cellular technology. It provides an agenda covering topics like wireless communication, cellular technology, standards evolution, modulation and multiplexing techniques, and cellular standards like GSM and CDMA. It also discusses frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), and the differences between the 900MHz and 1800MHz frequency bands used in cellular networks.
CDMA is a digital cellular technology that allows multiple users to access a single radio channel simultaneously through the use of unique code assignments. The document discusses CDMA network architecture, which includes mobile stations, base stations, base station controllers, mobile switching centers, home and visitor location registers, and authentication centers. It also compares CDMA to earlier multiple access technologies like TDMA and FDMA, noting advantages of CDMA like increased capacity and soft handoffs between cells using the same frequency.
Techies (An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Company) is promoted by team of highly talented professionals who have combined I.T. and Corporate Experience. Techie's Institute is the Best Institute in Amritsar for Six Months Industrial Training & Six Weeks Industrial Training in Amritsar
Website: www.iamtechie.com
Email: enquiry@iamtechie.com
Trimble RS GNSS 5800 User Guide for support of members in the Trimble Support Group on Land Surveyors United
http://landsurveyorsunited.com/group/trimblesupportgroup
VOIP allows IP networks to carry voice applications like telephony and conferencing. It uses protocols like SIP, H.323, and MGCP for signaling and codecs like G.711 and G.729 for compressing analog voice. Key VOIP components include IP phones, gateways, call agents, and MCUs. Signaling protocols establish and terminate sessions, with SIP and H.323 using a peer-to-peer model and MGCP using a client-server model. Considerations for VOIP include low jitter, latency under 150ms, minimal packet loss, and high availability to provide a reliable voice service over IP networks.
The document is a 3G tutorial that provides an overview of:
- The history and evolution of mobile radio technology from 1G to 3G.
- Evolving network architectures based on GSM-MAP and IS-41 and the 3GPP and 3GPP2 evolution paths.
- Evolving services including messaging, location, and multimedia.
- Applications and business models for 3G.
The tutorial contains slides on the history of cellular standards, the development of 2G technologies like GSM and CDMA, an overview of 3G standards like W-CDMA and CDMA2000, and the migration paths from 2G to 3G networks and services.
This document provides an overview of a presentation on 3G wireless technologies cdma2000 and 3GPP W-CDMA. The 60 minute presentation covers the market drivers behind 3G, the technology roadmaps for cdma2000 and W-CDMA, acronym definitions, migration paths from 2G to 3G, implementation of the technologies, and implementation challenges. The abstract indicates the presentation will cover the basics of cdma2000 including its key characteristics, status in the world market, and relationship to cdmaOne and W-CDMA.
This document provides an outline for a tutorial on 3G networks. It begins with a brief history of mobile radio technology, including the evolution from 1G to 2G networks. It then discusses evolving network architectures such as 3GPP and 3GPP2 standards, and how 3G networks will utilize softswitches, VoIP and SIP. Finally, it outlines sections on evolving services, applications, and business models for 3G.
This document provides an overview of cellular network generations from 1G to 4G. It discusses the evolution from analog 1G networks to digital 2G networks with TDMA and CDMA. 2.5G networks brought higher data rates with technologies like GPRS. 3G networks enabled broadband data and voice over IP. 4G aims to further increase data throughput through advanced technologies like OFDMA and MC-CDMA. The document compares key technologies like GSM and CDMA, and discusses cellular standards, network architectures, applications and the transition from older to newer generations.
Mobile technology refers to devices that allow access to information from any location. This document discusses two mobile technologies: GSM and CDMA.
GSM uses FDMA and TDMA to allow multiple users to share the available frequency band. It provides international roaming and good call quality. CDMA uses direct sequence spread spectrum to allow multiple users to use the entire available spectrum simultaneously. It provides higher capacity than GSM and other technologies. Both have advantages and disadvantages depending on users' needs.
This document discusses the GPON (Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Network) technology for fiber access networks. Some key points:
- GPON supports high-bandwidth, long-reach (up to 20km), and triple-play services, making it widely adopted by carriers.
- It uses a point-to-multipoint architecture with a single optical fiber shared between an OLT and multiple ONUs using passive splitters.
- Wavelength division multiplexing is used with downstream at 1490nm and upstream at 1310nm. Time division multiple access manages upstream bandwidth sharing between ONUs.
- Typical deployments include fiber to the home (FTTH),
IRJET- Performance Parameter of Spectrum Sensing MIMO- OFDM based LTE Tec...IRJET Journal
This document discusses performance parameters of spectrum sensing for MIMO-OFDM based LTE techniques. It begins with an introduction to LTE and OFDM technologies. It then discusses MIMO-OFDM systems and how they can significantly increase data throughput and spectral efficiency. The document presents simulation results on the probability of spectrum detection and relative mean square error for different SNRs and number of active subcarriers in a 2x2 and 4x4 MIMO system. It concludes that a MIMO-OFDM receiver can help cancel intercarrier and intersymbol interference for LTE systems and that spectrum sensing accuracy increases with fewer active subcarriers.
This document provides an overview of 5G technology and its development. It discusses how 5G will utilize higher frequency spectrum, including millimeter waves, to enable faster data speeds and lower latency compared to previous generations. Key points discussed include:
- 5G will use spectrum both below and above 6 GHz, including millimeter wave bands, to support its high bandwidth and low latency capabilities.
- The architecture of 5G networks will be more distributed utilizing small cells and beamforming to manage connectivity as traditional cell towers become less effective at higher frequencies.
- Modulation techniques beyond OFDM are being explored to improve spectral efficiency for 5G, such as FBMC, which reduces interference between signals.
- 5
Intelligent Car System for Accident PreventionIRJET Journal
This document describes a system to help prevent car accidents by detecting driver fatigue and controlling the vehicle's speed. The system uses several sensors like ultrasonic sensors, RFID, and GPS/GSM modules. It can detect obstacles using ultrasonic sensors and automatically apply the brakes. It also monitors the driver for signs of fatigue and controls the speed of the vehicle accordingly to help avoid accidents. The system aims to make driving safer by helping drivers maintain awareness and control of the vehicle.
This document provides an introduction to UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System). It describes the context and limitations of previous mobile systems that led to the development of 3G systems like UMTS. The goals of UMTS are to provide high-quality wireless multimedia services across converged fixed and mobile networks. The technical overview explains that UMTS uses CDMA to separate users within a cell and has both FDD and TDD duplex modes for frequency division.
This document provides an outline for a 3G tutorial presentation. It begins with a brief history of mobile radio technology and discusses the evolution from 1G to 2G networks. It then outlines topics that will be covered in the presentation including evolving network architectures, services, applications, and business models related to 3G. The document provides an overview of 3G standards including W-CDMA, CDMA2000, and TD-SCDMA as well as the various spectrum bands being used for 3G networks globally.
This document provides an overview of GSM principles and network structure. It discusses key aspects of the GSM system including frequency reuse, multiple access techniques, network components, numbering plans and identifiers. The objectives are to understand the GSM system, its structure, protocols, channel combinations, radio techniques and the introduction of GPRS and EDGE. It contains detailed descriptions and illustrations of concepts such as cells, frequency division duplexing, time division multiple access, frequency planning and network interfaces.
This document summarizes an ITU-T recommendation that specifies maximum limits for jitter and wander in digital networks based on the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH). It defines network interface limits for jitter and wander to ensure interoperability between equipment from different manufacturers and satisfactory network performance. It also specifies minimum equipment tolerance requirements for jitter and wander at SDH network interfaces. The recommendation provides a framework for controlling and limiting the accumulation of jitter and wander throughout SDH networks.
IRJET- A Review on Mobile Computing Wireless Communication Technology using 0...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of mobile computing and wireless communication technologies from 0G to 7G. It begins with an abstract that outlines the evolution of mobile wireless generations. The body then discusses each generation in more detail, describing the key technologies, features, and advancements of 0G, 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G, and 7G. The review concludes that research is ongoing into future 6G and 7G technologies to further improve upon capabilities introduced in previous generations.
Military forces require situational awareness no matter
where they are located. From warfighters in the field,
sailors on Navy ships, troops in flight and decision
makers at central command, everyone must share a
common operating picture to accomplish the mission.
Yet, that can be significantly challenging when troops
are constantly in motion, traveling across land,
sea and air.
This document discusses TETRA terminals and extending network coverage using gateways and repeaters. It describes how gateways connect direct mode users to the trunked mode network, extending coverage. Repeaters are used to extend the range between direct mode users. The document provides examples of gateway and repeater applications. It also discusses product compliance and TETRA interoperability, noting that over 300 interoperability certificates have been issued to ensure equipment from different manufacturers can function together.
3G is defined by the ITU and called IMT-2000. It evolved from 2G technologies through intermediary 2.5G and 3.5G standards. UMTS is the 3G standard developed by 3GPP as an upgrade from GSM, using W-CDMA technology. UMTS network architecture consists of the core network, UTRAN radio access network, and user equipment. The UTRAN air interface uses W-CDMA technology with Node-B base stations controlled by RNCs. 3.5G technologies like HSPA extend UMTS with features like adaptive modulation and fast scheduling to enhance performance.
Wireless communication and its standardsM.k. Praveen
The document discusses wireless communication standards and cellular technology. It provides an agenda covering topics like wireless communication, cellular technology, standards evolution, modulation and multiplexing techniques, and cellular standards like GSM and CDMA. It also discusses frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), and the differences between the 900MHz and 1800MHz frequency bands used in cellular networks.
CDMA is a digital cellular technology that allows multiple users to access a single radio channel simultaneously through the use of unique code assignments. The document discusses CDMA network architecture, which includes mobile stations, base stations, base station controllers, mobile switching centers, home and visitor location registers, and authentication centers. It also compares CDMA to earlier multiple access technologies like TDMA and FDMA, noting advantages of CDMA like increased capacity and soft handoffs between cells using the same frequency.
Techies (An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Company) is promoted by team of highly talented professionals who have combined I.T. and Corporate Experience. Techie's Institute is the Best Institute in Amritsar for Six Months Industrial Training & Six Weeks Industrial Training in Amritsar
Website: www.iamtechie.com
Email: enquiry@iamtechie.com
Trimble RS GNSS 5800 User Guide for support of members in the Trimble Support Group on Land Surveyors United
http://landsurveyorsunited.com/group/trimblesupportgroup
VOIP allows IP networks to carry voice applications like telephony and conferencing. It uses protocols like SIP, H.323, and MGCP for signaling and codecs like G.711 and G.729 for compressing analog voice. Key VOIP components include IP phones, gateways, call agents, and MCUs. Signaling protocols establish and terminate sessions, with SIP and H.323 using a peer-to-peer model and MGCP using a client-server model. Considerations for VOIP include low jitter, latency under 150ms, minimal packet loss, and high availability to provide a reliable voice service over IP networks.
The document is a 3G tutorial that provides an overview of:
- The history and evolution of mobile radio technology from 1G to 3G.
- Evolving network architectures based on GSM-MAP and IS-41 and the 3GPP and 3GPP2 evolution paths.
- Evolving services including messaging, location, and multimedia.
- Applications and business models for 3G.
The tutorial contains slides on the history of cellular standards, the development of 2G technologies like GSM and CDMA, an overview of 3G standards like W-CDMA and CDMA2000, and the migration paths from 2G to 3G networks and services.
This document provides an overview of a presentation on 3G wireless technologies cdma2000 and 3GPP W-CDMA. The 60 minute presentation covers the market drivers behind 3G, the technology roadmaps for cdma2000 and W-CDMA, acronym definitions, migration paths from 2G to 3G, implementation of the technologies, and implementation challenges. The abstract indicates the presentation will cover the basics of cdma2000 including its key characteristics, status in the world market, and relationship to cdmaOne and W-CDMA.
This document provides an outline for a tutorial on 3G networks. It begins with a brief history of mobile radio technology, including the evolution from 1G to 2G networks. It then discusses evolving network architectures such as 3GPP and 3GPP2 standards, and how 3G networks will utilize softswitches, VoIP and SIP. Finally, it outlines sections on evolving services, applications, and business models for 3G.
This document provides an overview of cellular network generations from 1G to 4G. It discusses the evolution from analog 1G networks to digital 2G networks with TDMA and CDMA. 2.5G networks brought higher data rates with technologies like GPRS. 3G networks enabled broadband data and voice over IP. 4G aims to further increase data throughput through advanced technologies like OFDMA and MC-CDMA. The document compares key technologies like GSM and CDMA, and discusses cellular standards, network architectures, applications and the transition from older to newer generations.
Mobile technology refers to devices that allow access to information from any location. This document discusses two mobile technologies: GSM and CDMA.
GSM uses FDMA and TDMA to allow multiple users to share the available frequency band. It provides international roaming and good call quality. CDMA uses direct sequence spread spectrum to allow multiple users to use the entire available spectrum simultaneously. It provides higher capacity than GSM and other technologies. Both have advantages and disadvantages depending on users' needs.
This document discusses the GPON (Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Network) technology for fiber access networks. Some key points:
- GPON supports high-bandwidth, long-reach (up to 20km), and triple-play services, making it widely adopted by carriers.
- It uses a point-to-multipoint architecture with a single optical fiber shared between an OLT and multiple ONUs using passive splitters.
- Wavelength division multiplexing is used with downstream at 1490nm and upstream at 1310nm. Time division multiple access manages upstream bandwidth sharing between ONUs.
- Typical deployments include fiber to the home (FTTH),
IRJET- Performance Parameter of Spectrum Sensing MIMO- OFDM based LTE Tec...IRJET Journal
This document discusses performance parameters of spectrum sensing for MIMO-OFDM based LTE techniques. It begins with an introduction to LTE and OFDM technologies. It then discusses MIMO-OFDM systems and how they can significantly increase data throughput and spectral efficiency. The document presents simulation results on the probability of spectrum detection and relative mean square error for different SNRs and number of active subcarriers in a 2x2 and 4x4 MIMO system. It concludes that a MIMO-OFDM receiver can help cancel intercarrier and intersymbol interference for LTE systems and that spectrum sensing accuracy increases with fewer active subcarriers.
This document provides an overview of 5G technology and its development. It discusses how 5G will utilize higher frequency spectrum, including millimeter waves, to enable faster data speeds and lower latency compared to previous generations. Key points discussed include:
- 5G will use spectrum both below and above 6 GHz, including millimeter wave bands, to support its high bandwidth and low latency capabilities.
- The architecture of 5G networks will be more distributed utilizing small cells and beamforming to manage connectivity as traditional cell towers become less effective at higher frequencies.
- Modulation techniques beyond OFDM are being explored to improve spectral efficiency for 5G, such as FBMC, which reduces interference between signals.
- 5
Intelligent Car System for Accident PreventionIRJET Journal
This document describes a system to help prevent car accidents by detecting driver fatigue and controlling the vehicle's speed. The system uses several sensors like ultrasonic sensors, RFID, and GPS/GSM modules. It can detect obstacles using ultrasonic sensors and automatically apply the brakes. It also monitors the driver for signs of fatigue and controls the speed of the vehicle accordingly to help avoid accidents. The system aims to make driving safer by helping drivers maintain awareness and control of the vehicle.
This document provides an introduction to UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System). It describes the context and limitations of previous mobile systems that led to the development of 3G systems like UMTS. The goals of UMTS are to provide high-quality wireless multimedia services across converged fixed and mobile networks. The technical overview explains that UMTS uses CDMA to separate users within a cell and has both FDD and TDD duplex modes for frequency division.
Spectrum management is critical for 5G technology due to the expected growth in wireless devices and services. 5G requires spectrum in sub-1 GHz, 1-6 GHz, and above 6 GHz frequency ranges. Current mobile spectrum is below 3 GHz but 5G will need additional spectrum, including re-farming existing bands. Licensed, shared licensed, and unlicensed bands will all play roles in 5G deployment. Global harmonization of 5G spectrum through organizations like the ITU will help drive deployment.
Performance Evaluation of MC-CDMA for Fixed WiMAX with EqualizationIRJET Journal
This document discusses the performance evaluation of MC-CDMA (Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access) for fixed WiMAX systems with equalization. MC-CDMA combines OFDM and CDMA to provide advantages like high data rates and increased number of users. The performance is analyzed using Rayleigh and Rician fading channel models with SUI channel parameters. Bit error rate is used as the performance metric and simulations are done in MATLAB. Fixed WiMAX uses OFDM and supports fixed wireless services, while mobile WiMAX uses OFDMA and supports both fixed and mobile broadband networks. Fading channel models are used to simulate real world channel conditions.
This document provides an overview of a presentation on 3G wireless technologies cdma2000 and 3GPP W-CDMA. The presentation covers the market drivers behind 3G, the technology roadmaps for cdma2000 and W-CDMA, acronym definitions, migration paths from 2G to 3G, and implementation challenges. The agenda includes discussing technology drivers, roadmaps, acronym definitions, migration, implementation, and challenges over the course of 26 slides during a 60 minute presentation.
IRJET- Implementation of Private GSM Network for Disaster Management and ...IRJET Journal
1. The document describes the implementation of a private GSM network for disaster management using low-cost components like a Raspberry Pi, Software Defined Radio (SDR), and open source software YATE.
2. The network is able to provide communication within a radius of 150 meters and also detect hazardous methane gas levels in sewers using an MQ4 sensor, transmitting the levels over the private network.
3. Testing showed that range could be extended to 350 meters using higher gain antennas and power amplifiers, but signal quality degraded beyond 150-250 meters depending on the antenna setup.
The document discusses the history and future vision of remote monitoring technologies (RMT) in the nuclear industry. It summarizes that:
1) RMT has advanced significantly since its first use in 1982, allowing for greater monitoring capabilities through improved connectivity and mobile technologies.
2) RMT provides major benefits like reduced worker radiation exposure and more efficient operations. Its use is growing globally with the U.S. currently leading development.
3) The vision for 2020 is an expansion of RMT to include all workers, integrated systems for onsite and offsite monitoring, and new technologies like biometrics and location tracking to further enhance safety.
4) Key to realizing this vision will be overcoming connectivity challenges through
The document discusses the major players and technologies involved in 3G networks. The International Telecommunications Union (ITU) defined the International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) framework to establish standards for 3G wireless networks. Two major standards organizations emerged from this: 3GPP, which developed UMTS based on GSM protocols, and 3GPP2, which developed CDMA2000 based on earlier CDMA standards. These organizations aimed to provide higher data speeds and new capabilities compared to previous 2G networks. The document also reviews some of the radio access technologies considered under the IMT-2000 framework such as W-CDMA, CDMA2000, and TD-SCDMA.
IRJET- Cyber Attacks on Smart Cars using SDRIRJET Journal
Cyber attacks on keyless smart cars using software-defined radio are explored. The document discusses how software-defined radio technologies like GNURadio and HackRF can be used to capture radio frequency signals from key fobs and replay them to unlock cars, demonstrating vulnerabilities. Potential threats are outlined, and the implementation of capturing frequencies and replaying them is described. Finally, mitigation approaches are proposed, including rolling code and KeeLoq encryption techniques, to prevent replay attacks.
IRJET-QOS parameter analysis of UMTS networks based on Handovers and Sectoriz...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes quality of service (QOS) parameters in UMTS networks based on handovers and sectorization. It discusses:
1) Handovers play a major role in continuing services as users move between cell boundaries. Sectorization divides cells into sectors using directional antennas to reduce interference and increase capacity.
2) Simulations are conducted using OPNET to analyze soft and hard handovers as a user moves between sectors. Results show the active cell count changes and cells added and removed from the active set.
3) Analysis of soft and hard handovers using applications like HTTP shows that soft handovers provide better performance with lower object and page response times, ensuring seamless service continuity.
This document discusses the evolution of 5G technology. It provides an overview of previous generations of wireless communication technology (1G-4G) and their key features. 5G is presented as the next major phase, promising speeds up to 20 Gbps, greatly increased bandwidth and connection capacity. The document outlines some of 5G's expected capabilities and technical requirements. It also explores the potential impacts and applications of 5G technology, such as enabling further advances in industries and providing more efficient services through technologies like IoT.
CDMA Based Secure Cellular Communication via Satellite LinkIRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed CDMA-based cellular communication system using a satellite link between the base station transceiver (BTS) and base station controller (BSC) to enable communication during natural disasters when the terrestrial link may be damaged. Specifically:
1) A portable/compact BTS integrated with core and radio network functions would connect via satellite to the BSC, allowing instant restoration of the communication link when the normal BTS-BSC link is disrupted, such as during floods, cyclones, or tsunamis.
2) The system would use commercially available CDMA mobile handsets within a limited coverage area provided by a micro/pico BTS connected to a portable satellite terminal like
IRJET- Signal Jammer in Military OperationsIRJET Journal
The document discusses signal jammers used in military operations. It describes how signal jammers work by broadcasting radio frequencies to interfere with cell phone signals, preventing communication. The document outlines the components of a signal jammer, including a microcontroller, LCD display, transistors, and GSM modem. It provides circuit diagrams and discusses programming the microcontroller to control activation of the jammer. In testing, the jammer was able to block cell phone signals within a range of 3-4 meters. The document concludes the jammer could help isolate enemy posts and stop reinforcement communications, aiding military operations, while also mentioning future non-military uses of jammers.
This document is a seminar report on 4G broadband technology presented by P. Satya. It includes an introduction to 4G and the evolution of mobile radio standards from 1G to 3G. Key aspects of 4G technology discussed include standards, benefits over 3G including higher data rates, hardware components like OFDM and advanced antenna systems, and software components like software defined radio. The report provides details on technologies enabling 4G like orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, ultra-wideband networks, and adaptive modulation and power control.
NR is 3GPP's new 5G radio access technology that uses OFDM modulation. It supports both standalone and non-standalone deployment models and can operate from low to very high frequency bands between 0.4-100 GHz. NR is being developed in two phases to address different 5G use cases such as enhanced mobile broadband, massive machine type communications, and ultra-reliable low latency communications.
IRJET-A Comparative Study of use of the Library and the Internet as Sources o...IRJET Journal
This document describes a password protected interactive voice response system to remotely control a three-phase motor using a GSM modem and microcontroller. The system allows a user to call in, enter a password, and then select to turn the motor on or off by pressing buttons on their phone. It uses pre-recorded voice prompts to interact with the user. The system has applications for remotely controlling equipment like motors in agricultural settings from anywhere via a mobile phone call. It aims to provide a low-cost and user-friendly solution for remote control of three-phase motors with voice confirmation of commands.
At Analysys Mason (2008) Next Generation Radio Technologiesmehulmite
4G technologies like LTE and WiMAX aim to improve wireless services by providing better coverage, voice quality, data speeds, and revenue for operators. LTE employs OFDM and MIMO to achieve high spectrum efficiency and handle multipath fading, while WiMAX uses OFDM and is optimized for developing markets with limited wired infrastructure but available spectrum. Both technologies have strengths and weaknesses and may coexist, though LTE has broader device and network support currently from major mobile operators.
The document discusses the transition from 3G to LTE networks. It notes that data usage is growing significantly, placing pressure on networks. LTE aims to address this through a flat IP-based architecture, improved spectral efficiency from technologies like OFDMA and MIMO, and scalable bandwidth deployment. This will allow higher throughput and lower latency comparable to DSL, helping support new multimedia services and enriched user experiences with seamless connectivity at high speeds. Network operators can benefit from reduced costs per megabyte of traffic and a simpler architecture allowing flat-rate pricing plans.
Similar to IRJET- DRM: An Emerging Radio Technology and its Impact on India (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMHODECEDSIET
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.