4G technologies like LTE and WiMAX aim to improve wireless services by providing better coverage, voice quality, data speeds, and revenue for operators. LTE employs OFDM and MIMO to achieve high spectrum efficiency and handle multipath fading, while WiMAX uses OFDM and is optimized for developing markets with limited wired infrastructure but available spectrum. Both technologies have strengths and weaknesses and may coexist, though LTE has broader device and network support currently from major mobile operators.

1. Next Generation Radio Technologies Prepared for Analysys Mason Consulting – Manchester Mehul Bhandari 4G

2. Overview What is 4G? Improvements in existing services offered to the subscriber and achieve an end user satisfaction level. Via : Usage of better and efficient technology and techniques. Should be ubiquitous service Cost effective (Iridium !)

3. Today’s and Tomorrow’s Needs ? For User : Better Coverage Better Voice Quality Better Data Speeds for Internet For Operator: <<ARPU (Average Revenue per User) in Developed Market <<Subscriber Penetration (Developing Market)

4. Major Techniques and Technologies Two Key Technologies up for a FACE-OFF! Employs OFDM + MIMO combination

5. OFDM The main idea is to divide Available wideband frequency into many narrow bands, so as to maintain or create . Spectrum efficiency Propagation in NLOS conditions Propagation in Multi path fading. Scalability

6. MIMO Detail the product models available and list specific prices for each model and additional options.

7. WHY GO MOBILE AND BROADBAND? Packet Data on the Rise Data ARPU increase from 5 to 20 % over last 5 years [ABI Research]

8. WHY GO MOBILE AND BROADBAND? Device Miniaturization exceeding previous projections ( Moore's Law ) Wireless Devices supporting technologies Bluetooth, Wi-fi, GPS, Surge of Smart Phones and Devices like Nokia 95, Communicator, Apple I Phone Multimedia services and Applications on these devices like high quality music, video and voice over IP Interoperability amongst devices through standardization

9. Technology HSPA/LTE WIMAX Subscribers Over 2.5 billion today;3.4 billion expected by 2009 (Including GSM) Less than 100 million by 2012 Maturity Extremely Mature Emerging Adoption Incumbent Cellular Operators Globally New Entrants, specialised WIMAX companies with less commercial experience

10. Technology HSPA/LTE WIMAX Coverage Global Extremely Limited/None Devices Broad selection of GSM/EDGE/UMTS/HSPA devices None Yet commercially, only prototypes Radio Technology Highly optimized CDMA for HSPA, highly optimized OFDMA for LTE Optimized OFDMA in Wave 1,highly optimized in WAVE 2

11. Other Deployment and technical Issues Latency / Architecture Spectrum Spectrum Efficiency Throughput Capabilities [D/l and U/l] Coverage Back-Haul network (No Mismatch!) Cost Finally, Conceptualisation of LTE and WIMAX

12. Business Case WIMAX Developing Markets [Low Optics/wire line Infrastructure] Better Opportunity for new entrants depending upon Spectrum Sale Backhaul Network to Existing Wi-Fi networks Fixed and Mobile flavours available with LTE Developed Markets [Matured Wire and Optic Infrastructure] Natural Progression for Incumbent Operators as it is Backward compatible to GSM/UMTS family

13. Market Politics WIMAX IEEE & WIMAX FORUM INTEL Acknowledged by ITU as a 3G Technology Sprint-Clearwire breaks the partnership LTE 3GPP Ericsson, Motorola Vodafone (Though still very open and technology agnostic at the moment)

14. What to Choose? Both caters to different markets in the initial years of operation 80 % of the technology is similar Probability of co-existing are higher than a threatening rivalry Waiting time is high before any show of preference (GSM took 12 years to mature and still leading the pack!) Finally, both have strong backings from governments and private organisations in the industry

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