Dynamic Spectrum Management for 5G, GSMA project work

1. DYNAMIC SPECTRUM
MANAGEMENT FOR 5G
GSMA 2017
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Nelson Afundu

2. INTRODUCTION
Spectrum is a valuable and limited resource that is critical for both
present-day and future wireless communications. Spectrum
management is usually underrated as spectrum is not a visible resource.
With the exponential growth rate in wireless capabilities into modern
life and the expected entry of billions of devices as a result of the
internet of things (IoT), spectrum management for the next generation
telecoms technology (5g) is highly critical.
5G is associated with the next step of IMT (i.e., IMT-2020), for which
initial planning is currently under way in the ITU. 5G is the term that is
being applied in the market to systems beyond IMT-Advanced. The
figure below shows the usage setup of IMT for 2020 and for the future.
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Dynamic Spectrum Management for 5G
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3. 10/30/17Dynamic Spectrum Management for 5G 3
Usage setup of IMT for 2020 and for the future

4. CURRENT SPECTRUM FOR MOBILE
COMMUNICATIONS
The current spectrum allocated for international mobile
telecommunication (IMT) is a crucial component of 5G candidate
spectrum. The total amount of allocated spectrum for different
frequency ranges differ in various countries as a result of varying
development stages of the mobile communications industry but
reflect a certain level of consistency.
Almost all the frequency ranges are focused on the spectrum
below 3 GHz. A quick observation show that the amount of
spectrum currently utilised for mobile communications is several
hundred megahertz
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5. 5G CANDIDATE FREQUENCY BANDS
5G requires spectrum within three vital frequency ranges to deliver
widespread coverage and support all use cases. The ranges are:
Sub-1 GHz, 1-6 GHz and above 6 GHz.
 Sub-1 GHz will provide extensive coverage across urban,
suburban and rural areas and also support internet of things
(IoT) services
 1-6 GHz provides a good combination of coverage and
capacity benefits particularly spectrum within the 3.3-3.8
GHz range. This spectrum range is expected to deliver the
platform for initial 5g services.
 Spectrum above 6 GHz is necessary in other to meet the very
high broadband speeds expected for 5G. Bands above
24GHz will be of interest particularly 24GHz and/or 28GHz
which due to proximity could be deployed together in a
single device.
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6. 5G CANDIDATE FREQUENCY BANDS
Spectrum re-farming of spectrum below 6GHz is necessary so as to
reap the benefits of new generation of mobile communication
systems, regulators need to make efforts to enable re-farming of
spectrum in the previously occupied frequency bands. It is expected
that when 5G is implemented, previous generation spectrum could
be re-farmed. However, this does not increase total spectrum
amount.
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7. 5G SPECTRUM LICENSING
Various licensing regimes for that could aid rapid 5g systems
implementation and deployment will be discussed in this section:
• Licensed Bands
spectrum used for cellular communications have usually been in
licensed bands, regulatory bodies give exclusive rights for an entity
to use the spectrum to offer services. the rules and processes for
granting exclusive rights to the use of spectrum differ from one
country to another.
licensed spectrum will be a vital part of 5g systems and
deployments, it will provide certain parameters to define deployed
network capacity.
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8. • Shared Licensed Bands
Though licensed spectrum offer exclusive spectrum usage rights and simpler
interference management, it could also create situations where allocated
spectrum is under-utilized due to a lack of flexibility. Shared license will allow
the use of spectrum by second tier users guided by specific rules to mitigate
against interference.
This licensing regime will offer vital flexibility for the deployment of 5G
systems as spectrum underutilization will be reduced.
• Unlicensed Bands
Spectrum bands that are available for use without registration or permission
are referred to as unlicensed or license-exempt bands. Regulators establish
rules of how applications and technologies use the spectrum. These rules
could be maximum power levels of power, duty cycles and limitation on
bandwidth.
Unlicensed spectrum could play a complementary role for the deployment of
5G systems especially in small cell deployments. 10/30/17Dynamic Spectrum Management for 5G 8

9. 5G SPECTRUM HARMONIZATION
Harmonisation of 5G spectrum is critical on both regional and
global basis. This creates economies of scale, reduces overall
cost to consumers, reduction of overall R&D and consequently
offers quicker implementation and spread of 5G technology.
The ITU-R, via its World Radio Conference 2015 (WRC-15)
process, gave vital boost to 5G deployment by agreeing on an
agenda item for WRC-19 for consideration of spectrum for
IMT-2020. The ITU-R could also complete its 5G development
standard by pulling global 5G expertise together. The figure
below shows the timeline & process for IMT-2020 in ITU-R
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11. CONCLUSION
5G is projected to support considerably faster mobile
broadband speeds and increasingly large mobile data usage
in addition to unleashing the full potential of the internet of
things. The success of 5G services including speed, reach
and quality is dependent on the provision of timely access
to the right amount, appropriate spectrum type and
suitable conditions by government and industry regulators.
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