This document presents an overview of the seven basic quality tools introduced by Kaoru Ishikawa: flow chart, Pareto diagram, check sheet, control chart, histogram, scatter plot, and cause-and-effect diagram. Each tool is defined and an example is provided of how it can be used. The tools are designed to help average people analyze and interpret data to solve problems and improve processes.

1. SEVEN
QUALITY
TOOLS
Prof (Dr) A Chamaru De
Alwis

2. INTRODUCTION
•Seven basic quality tools
•Purpose
• To assist an organization for problem solving and
process improvements

3. SEVEN QUALITY TOOLS
INTRODUCED BY ISHIKAWA
• Flow chart
• Pareto
diagram
• Check sheet
• Control
chart
• Histogram • Scatter plot
• Cause-and-
effect
diagram.

4. ISHIKAWA’S BASIC TOOLS OF
QUALITY
Kaoru Ishikawa developed
seven basic visual tools of
quality so that the average
person could analyze and
interpret data.
These tools have been used
worldwide by companies,
managers of all levels and
employees.

5. LEARNING
OUTCOMES
• At the end of the presentation, Students
should have a capacity
• to define the role of Quality Tools
• explain the significance of Seven basic
quality Tools within Quality Management
system

6. CHECK SHEET

7. CHECK
SHEETS

8. Ishikawa’s Basic
Tools of Quality
Kaoru Ishikawa developed seven basic
visual tools of quality so that the average
person could analyze and interpret data.
These tools have been used worldwide by
companies, managers of all levels and
employees.

9. HISTOGRAMS
• Histogram Defined
– A histogram is a bar
graph that shows
frequency data.
– Histograms provide the easiest
way to evaluate the
distribution of data.

10. Histograms
◦ Examples of How Histograms Can Be
Used
◦ Histograms can be
used to determine
distribution of sales.
◦ Say for instance a company wanted
to measure the revenues of other
companies and wanted to compare
numbers.

11. PARETO
CHARTS
• Pareto Chart Defined
• Pareto charts are used to
identify and prioritize
problems to be solved.
• They are actually histograms
aided by the 80/20 rule adapted
by Joseph Juran.
• Remember the 80/20 rule states
that approximately 80% of the
problems are created by
approximately 20% of the causes.

12. PARETO
CHARTS

13. • Cause and Effect Diagram Defined
• The cause and effect diagram is also called
the Ishikawa diagram or the fishbone
diagram.
• It is a tool for discovering all the possible
causes for a particular effect.
• The major purpose of this diagram is
to act as a first step in problem solving
by creating a list of possible causes.
CAUSE AND
EFFECT
DIAGRAMS

14. CAUSE AND EFFECT DIAGRAMS
• An Example of When a Cause and Effect Diagram Can Be Used
• This diagram can be used to detect the problem of
incorrect deliveries.
• When a production team is about to launch a new product,
the factors that will affect the final product must be
recognized. The fishbone diagram can depict problems
before they have a chance to begin.

15. CAUSE AND
EFFECT
DIAGRAMS

16. Scatter Diagrams
◦ Scatter Diagrams Defined
◦ – Scatter Diagrams are
used to study and
identify the possible
relationship between the
changes observed in two
different sets of variables.

17. Scatter
Diagrams
•

18. SCATTER DIAGRAMS
• An Example of When a Scatter Diagram
Can Be Used
– A scatter diagram can be used to identify the
relationship between the production speed of an
operation and the number of defective parts
made.

19. Flow Charts Flow Charts
Defined
– A flow chart is a
pictorial
representation
showing all of the
steps of a process.

20. CONTROL CHARTS
• Control Charts Defined
– Control charts are used to determine whether a
process will produce a product or service with
consistent measurable properties.

21. CONTROL CHARTS
• An Example of When to Use a Control
Chart
– Counting the number of defective products or
services
• Do you count the number of defects in a given
product or service?
• Is the number of units checked or tested constant?

22. USE OF &QC TOOLS IN
PROCESS IDENTIFICATION
AND ANALYSIS –
PIMBLOTT. J.G. 1990

23. USE OF &QC
TOOLS IN
PROCESS
IDENTIFICATIO
N AND
ANALYSIS –
EOQ (2001)

24. QUALITY TOOLS AND PDCA MODEL

26. CONCLUSION
7QC tools have an important place
in data collecting, analyzing,
visualizing and all other stages in
PDCA-cycle
systematic application of 7QC tools
will enable a successful quality
improvement process
That a continuous improvement
process cannot be realized without
quality tools, techniques and
methods

27. SUMMARY
This presentation provided learning
material for each of Ishikawa’s seven basic
tools of quality.
Each tool was clearly defined with
definitions, a step-by-step process and an
example of how the tool can be used.
As seen through the presentation, these
tools are rather simple and effective.

28. THANK
YOU