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Introduction to Dental Anatomy.ppt
- 1. Introduction to Dental Anatomy & Oral Histology Dr. Vamshi Krishna. B Dentist, Shalakya Tantra- Danta Vibhaga Poornima Ayurvedic Medical College Hospital and Research centre, Raichur.
- 2. Your Day Starts With???
- 4. Nomenclature Deciduous teeth – 20 ( Milk teeth) Permanent teeth – 32 Upper teeth – Maxillary teeth Lower teeth – Mandibular teeth At birth – No teeth Eruption – Deciduous -6 months to 2 1/2yrs Permanent – 6 years to 21 yrs
- 6. Incisors – 2 Central & Lateral Canine -1 Molars -2 Teeth Maxillary Mandibular Deciduous teeth
- 8. Teeth Maxillary Mandibular Incisors – 2 Central & Lateral Canine -1 Premolars -2 Molars -3 Permanent Teeth
- 10. Dental formula: Decidous teeth : I 2/2 C 1/1 M 2/2 Permanent Teeth : I 2/2 C1/1 PM 2/2 M 3/3
- 13. SURFACES & RIDGES •Anterior teeth • Posterior teeth • Labial surface • Buccal surface • Proximal surface • Median line • Mesial surface • Distal surface • Contact area
- 15. Buccal Labial
- 18. SEQUENCE OF ERUPTION OF DECIDUOUS DENTITION: • Maxillary ------ A B D C E • Mandibular ----- A B D C E • Maxillary --- 10, 11, 16, 19, 29 months • Mandibular --- 6, 13, 16, 20, 27 months
- 19. Arch Tooth Eruption Maxillary Central incisor 10 months Lateral incisor 11 months Canine 19 months First molar 16 months Second molar 29 months Mandibular Central incisor 6 months Lateral incisor 13 months Canine 20 months First molar 16 months Second molar 27 months
- 20. SEQUENCE OF ERUPTION OF PERMANENT DENTITION: • Maxillary ------ 6, 1, 2, 4, 5, 3, 7, 8 • Mandibular ----- 6, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 Maxillary --- 6-7, 7-8, 8-9, 10-11, 10-12, 11-12, 12-13, 17-21yrs Mandibular --- 6-7, 6-7, 7-8, 9-10, 10-12, 11-12, 11-13, 17-21yrs
- 21. Arch Tooth Eruption Maxillary Central incisor 7-8 years Lateral incisor 8-9 years Canine 11-12 years First Premolar 10-11 years Second Premolar 10-12 years First molar 6-7 years Second molar 12-13years Third molar 17-21 years Mandibular Central incisor 6-7 years Lateral incisor 7-8 years Canine 9-10 years First Premolar 10-12 years Second Premolar 11-12 years First molar 6-7 years Second molar 11-13 years Third molar 17-21 years
- 22. Landmarks Cusp Tubercle Cingulum Ridge Marginal Ridge Triangular Ridge Transverse ridge Oblique Ridge Fossa Sulcus developmental Groove Supplemental Groove Pit Lobe
- 23. CUSP “ A cusp is an elevation or mound on the crown portion of tooth making up a divisional part of the occlusal surface”
- 24. CINGULUM “ A cingulum is the lingual lobe of an anterior tooth. It makes the bulk of the cervical third of the lingual surface. Its convexity mesiodistally resembles a girdle encircling the lingual surface at the cervical third”
- 25. RIDGE “ A ridge is any linear elevation on the surface of tooth and is named according to location : Buccal ridge Lingual ridge Incisal Ridge Marginal Ridge
- 26. MARGINAL RIDGES “ Marginal ridges are those rounded borders of the enamel that form the Mesial & distal margins of occlusal surfaces of Premolars & Molars Mesial & distal margins of lingual surfaces of Incisors & Canines
- 28. TRIANGULAR RIDGES “ Triangular ridges descend from the tips of cusps of molars & premolars toward the cental part of the occlusal surfaces” Named after – Cusps to which they belong
- 29. TRANSVERSE RIDGE “ When a buccal & lingual triangular ridge join, they form a transverse ridge” Union of two triangular ridges – transverse ridge = posterior tooth
- 30. OBLIQUE RIDGE “ Oblique ridge is the ridge crossing obliquely the occlusal surfaces of the maxillary molars” It is formed by union of triangular ridges of Distobuccal cusp Mesiolingual cusp
- 31. FOSSA “ A fossa is an irregular depression or concavity” Types: Lingual fossa – Lingual surface of incisors Central fossae – Occlusal surface of molars Triangular Fossae – Occlusal surface of M & PM - mesial/ distal to marginal ridges
- 32. SULCUS “ A sulcus is a long depression or valley in the surface of tooth between ridges and cusps, the inclines of which meet at an angle”
- 33. GROOVE Developmental groove – Shallow groove /line between the primary parts of crown and root Supplemental Groove : Shallow linear groove on the surface of tooth Buccal & lingual Grooves – Developmental grooves on buccal /lingual side
- 35. PITS “ Pits are small pin point depressions located at the junction of developmental grooves.”
- 37. LOBES “ A lobe is one of the primary sections of the formation in the development of the crown” Cusps Mamellons “ A mamellon is any one of the 3 rounded protuberances found on the incisal ridges of the newly erupted incisor teeth”
- 39. ROOTS Single Multiple Max & mand Anteriors – One root Mand 1,2 &Max 2 PM – One root Max 1 PM– two roots = buccal &Lingual Maxillary molars – 3 roots – MB,DB &P Mandibular Molars – 2 roots – M&D
- 42. Tooth Numbering systems Universal Numbering system Palmer Notation System International/ FDI System
- 43. Universal Numbering System Suggested by Parreidt,1882 Adopted by American Dental association –1975 Uses numbers 1-32 for permanent teeth ---- 1-16,17-32 Decidous teeth – alphabets- A-T ---- A-J , K-T
- 44. Palmer/Zsigmondy Notation system Upper right Lower left Upper left Lower right 87654321 12345678 12345678 87654321 EDCBA EDCBA ABCDE ABCDE
- 45. International/ FDI system 1 4 3 2 8 7 6 5 Permanent Decidous 87654321 12345678 12345678 87654321
- 47. Example Maxillary right Canine -Permanent Universal – 6 Palmer – FDI - 13 3 Maxillary right Canine -Decidous Universal – C Palmer – FDI - 53 C