This document provides an overview of object-oriented programming concepts like classes, objects, and inheritance. It defines key terms like base class, derived class, single inheritance, hierarchical inheritance, and multiple inheritance. It includes examples of different inheritance types written in C++, demonstrating how properties and behaviors can be inherited from superclasses to subclasses. The document is intended to explain inheritance and its various forms to readers learning object-oriented programming.

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INHERITANCE

3. CONTENTS
• CLASS
BASE CLASS
DERIVED CLASS
• OBJECT
• INHERITANCE
SINGLE INHERITANCE
MULTIPLE INHERITANCE
HIERARCHICAL INHERITANCE
MULTILEVEL INHERITANCE
HYBRID INHERITANS(Virtual
Inheritance)

4. CLASS
• Class is the base design of objects
means expanded concept of a data,
that can hold both data and functions.
• No memory is allocated when class is
created.
• It is a user defined data type.
Example : A car is consider
as a class
Methods : Engine, wheels,
steering.
Properties : company,
model, colour,
speed, etc….

5. BASE CLASS
• The class from which the subclass is
derived is called a superclass (also a
base class or a parent class).
DERIVED CLASS
• A class that is derived from another
class is called a subclass (also a derived
class, extended class, or child class).

6. OBJECT
• Object is the instance of class, means
identifiable entity with some
characteristics and behaviour.
• Memory allocated when only an
object is created.

7. EXAMPLE PROGRAM :
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class person
{
public:
string name;
int number;
};
int main()
{
person obj;
cout<<"Enter the Name :";
cin>>obj.name;
cout<<"Enter the Number :";
cin>>obj.number;
cout << obj.name<< obj.number;
}
Output :
Enter the name : baabtra
Enter the number:123
baabtra123

8. INHERITANCE
 Deriving new class from existing class.
 Object of one class contains the
property of another class.
 Reusability.
 We can add features to an
existing class without modifying it.

9. TYPES OF INHERITANCE
• Single Inheritance
• Hierarchical Inheritance
• Multi Level Inheritance
• Hybrid Inheritance
• Multiple Inheritance

10. SINGLE INHERITANCE
• One derived class inherits
from only one base class
• Most simplest form of
Inheritance.

11. EXAMPLE
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class father
{
public:
string name;
int age,pincode;
};
class child:public father
{
public:
string school;
int standard;
};
main()
{
father obj1;
child obj2;
cout<<"enter the name of father:";
cin>>obj1.name;
cout<<"enter the age of father:";
cin>>obj1.age;
cout<<"enter the pincode of father:";
cin>>obj1.pincode;
cout<<"-------------DETAIL OF CHILD--------------n";
cout<<"enter the name of child:";
cin>>obj2.name;
cout<<"enter the age of child:";
cin>>obj2.age;
cout<<"enter the pincode of child:";
cin>>obj2.pincode;
cout<<"enter the school name of child:";
cin>>obj2.school;
cout<<"enter the standard of child:";
cin>>obj2.standard;
}

12. HEIRARCHICAL INHERITANCE
• More than one derived
classes is derived from
common base class.

13. EXAMPLE
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class user
{
public:
string name,place;
int age;
};
class student:public user
{
public:
int rollno,classs,mark1,mark2;
};
class teacher:public user
{
public:
string department;
int teacher_id,salary;
};
main()
{
user obj;
student obj1;
teacher obj2;
cout<<"-----------------STUDENT-------------n";
cout<<"enter the name:";
cin>>obj1.name;
cout<<"enter the age:";
cin>>obj1.age;
cout<<"enter the place:";
cin>>obj1.place;
cout<<"enter the rollno:";
cin>>obj1.rollno;
cout<<"enter the class:";
cin>>obj1.classs;
cout<<"enter the mark1:";
cin>>obj1.mark1;
cout<<"enter the mark2:";
cin>>obj1.mark2;
cout<<"---------------TEACHER---------------n";
cout<<"enter the name:";
cin>>obj2.name;
cout<<"enter the age:";
cin>>obj2.age;
cout<<"enter the place:";
cin>>obj2.place;
cout<<"enter the id:";
cin>>obj2.teacher_id;
cout<<"enter the salary:";
cin>>obj2.salary;
cout<<"enter the department:";
cin>>obj2.department;
}

14. MULTI LEVEL INHERITANCE
• Derived class is derived
from another derived class.

15. EXAMPLE
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class grandparent
{
public:
void gshow()
{
cout<<"intelligent";
}
};
class parent:public grandparent
{
public:
void pshow()
{
cout<<"nhandsom";
}
};
class child:public parent
{
public:
void cshow()
{
cout<<"nobedience";
}
};
main()
{
grandparent obj1;
parent obj2;
child obj3;
cout<<"QUALITY OF GRANDPAn";
obj1.gshow();
cout<<"nQUALITIES OF FATHERn";
obj2.gshow();
obj2.pshow();
cout<<"nQUALITIES OF CHILDn";
obj3.gshow();
obj3.pshow();
obj3.cshow();
}

16. HYBRID INHERITANCE
• Combination of single
Inheritance , hierarchical
inheritance and
multi level inheritance.

17. EXAMPLE
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class grandparent
{
public:void gshow()
{
cout<<"nintelligent";
}
};
class parent:public grandparent
{
public:
void pshow()
{
cout<<"neducated";
}
};
class son:public parent
{
public:
void sshow()
{
cout<<"nobedience";
}
};
class daugter:public parent
{
public:
void dshow()
{
cout<<"nbeautiful";
}
};
main()
{
grandparent gobj;
parent pobj;
son sobj;
daugter dobj;
cout<<"QUALITY OF GRANDPA";
gobj.gshow();
cout<<"nQUALITY OF PARENT";
pobj.gshow();
pobj.pshow();
cout<<"nQUALITIES OF SON";
sobj.sshow();
sobj.pshow();
sobj.gshow();
cout<<"nQUALITIES OF DAUGHTER";
dobj.dshow();
dobj.pshow();
dobj.gshow();
}

18. MULTIPLE INHERITANCE
• Derived class is derived
from more than one
base class.

19. EXAMPLE
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class father
{
public:
void fshow()
{
cout<<"discipline";
}
};
class mother
{
public:
void mshow()
{
cout<<"nopen minded";
}
};
class child:public father,public mother
{
public:
void cshow()
{
cout<<"nintelligent";
}
};
main()
{
father obj1;
mother obj2;
child obj3;
cout<<"QUALITY OF FATHERn";
obj1.fshow();
cout<<"n";
cout<<"nQUALITY OF MOTHER";
obj2.mshow();
cout<<"n";
cout<<"nQUALITIES OF CHILDn";
obj3.fshow();
obj3.mshow();
obj3.cshow();
}

20. Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared by trainees of
baabtra as a part of mentoring program. This is not official
document of baabtra –Mentoring Partner
Baabtra-Mentoring Partner is the mentoring division of baabte System Technologies Pvt . Ltd

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