The document discusses templates in C++. It defines a template as a keyword that allows functions or classes to operate on different data types without knowing the specific type. There are two types of templates: function templates, which define functions that can work with different data types, and class templates, which define classes that can work with different data types. Examples of templates include a function template to find the maximum of two numbers and a class template to add two values. Templates reduce code repetition and make the program more manageable.

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3. What we Learn in this Presentation
• Templates
• Function Templates
• Class Templates
Reference :- Object-Oriented Programming using C++ by IT Series
Book Page No :- 490 - 495

4. CHAPTER NO.17 TEMPLATES
What is template ?
It is a keyword which allows functions or classes to operate
without actually knowing what datatype will be handled by their
operations.
This is what is known as Generic
Programming

5. >> Advantages of Templates <<
 Allows to generate classes or functions
to handle different data types.
 Reduce the repetition of code.
 Make the program development easier
and more manageable.

6. Types of Templates
 Function Templates
 Class Templates

7. FunctionTemplates
FunctionTemplates are used to
define functions which are not related
to specific data types and can work
with different data types.

8. Syntax of Template Function
template <class T>
return_type function_name (T parameter(s))
{
Function Body
}
Class : Used to define the name of general data type.
T : Any letter/word can be used as a name of general data type.
Return_Type : Used to return value.
Parameter(s) : Parameters passed to a function. The type of parameters is a
general data type T that is defined in a template.

9. Program 1
Write a template to display the Maximum Number
#include<iostream>
#include<conio.h>
using namespace std;
template <class M>
void Max(M a, M b)
{ if(a>b) cout<<a;
else cout<<b; }
int main()
{ Max(8,20);
cout<<“n”;
Max(4.5,1.7);
getch(); }

10. Program 2
Write a template to display the Minimum Number between INT and FLOAT
#include<iostream>
#include<conio.h>
using namespace std;
template <class X, class Y>
void Min(X a, Y b)
{ if(a<b) cout<<a;
else cout<<b; }
int main()
{ Min(50,20.77);
cout<<“n”;
Min(4.5,10);
getch(); }

11. ClassTemplates
ClassTemplates are used to
define classes which are not related to
specific data types and can work with
different data types.
It consists of statements which are
independent of particular data types.

12. Syntax of Template Class
template <class T>
class class_name
{
Class Body
};
Class :- Used to define the name of general data type.
T :- Any letter/word can be used as a name of general data type.
Class_Name :- It is the name of a class.

13. Program 3
A program to input five integers in an array and display them using pointer.
#include<iostream>
#include<conio.h>
using namespace std;
template <class A>
class Add
{
private: A x,y;
public:
void get()
{ cout<<"Enter 1st value => "; cin>>x;
cout<<"Enter 2st value => "; cin>>y; }
void add()
{ x=x+y; }
void show()
{ cout<<"Values after addition = "<<x; }
};

14. Program 3 (contd..)
A program to input five integers in an array and display them using pointer.
int main()
{
Add <int> ob;
ob.get();
ob.add();
ob.show();
getch();
}
<int> = <class A>

15. Thank You

16. ANY QUESTIONS ??
DANGER

18. Created By Muhammad Ammad Hassan
Muhammad Azhar Khalil
Presented By Muhammad Azhar Khalil
Muhammad Ammad Hassan
Participants Toheed Azmat
Nouman Cheema
Hasseb Razzaq
Muhammad Usman Ahmad
Muhammad Ismail