Presentation delivered by Dre. Ashok Gulati (Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, India) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
An analysis of technical efficiency of rice farmers in ahero irrigation schem...Alexander Decker
This document analyzes the technical efficiency of rice farmers in Ahero Irrigation Scheme, Kenya. It begins with background on rice production and consumption trends in Kenya. Rice consumption has been increasing at 12% annually compared to 4% for wheat and 1% for maize. However, production has not kept pace with demand, resulting in a large import deficit. The study estimates a stochastic Cobb-Douglas production function to determine technical efficiency and its determinants. It finds the technical efficiency of rice farmers is 0.82. Gender, farming experience, income level, and distance to market significantly influence technical efficiency. The study recommends policies to improve input affordability and farm incomes, as well as transport infrastructure, to increase efficiency of rice
This document summarizes findings from a presentation on India's pulses production given at an IFPRI conference in 2016. It finds that while India is the world's largest producer and consumer of pulses, its domestic production has not kept up with rising demand, leading to a growing reliance on imports. Analysis of production data from 1980-2015 shows that overall pulses area, yield and production have grown, but area expansion contributed more to growth than yield increases. More recently, expansion of irrigation infrastructure, especially for Rabi pulses like gram, has been a key factor supporting higher production. The conclusion calls for policies to strengthen technology development, irrigation, price incentives and market access to help India sustain its pulses production growth.
Record global harvests in 2013/14 have pushed down prices for cereals like maize and wheat. However, uncertainty in Ukraine has led to temporary price rises for these crops. While prices have been high and volatile since 2008, it now seems the markets may be reaching a new equilibrium as major drivers of change stabilize. Production responses to high prices, especially in developing countries, have accelerated world supply. If stability continues, proposals for radical market interventions may not be needed.
This document summarizes key points about food market transformation and food security in Asia, with a focus on China and India. It discusses the four "legs" of food security: availability, access, utilization, and stability. It also examines the rapid urbanization, economic growth, and integration occurring in Asian countries through foreign direct investment and trade. Key trends include the rising importance of non-rice foods, food processing, supermarkets, and intra-Asian trade. Data on GDP growth, poverty rates, rice yields, and more are presented to compare food security indicators in China and India. The challenges of feeding the growing populations in these "Dragon and Elephant" economies are also addressed.
Presented at the Pulses for Sustainable Agriculture and Human Health” on 31 May-1 June 2016 at NASC, New Delhi, India. The conference was jointly organised by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), TCi of Cornell University (TCi-CU) and Agriculture Today.
This document presents the objectives, methodology, findings and conclusions of a study on the impact of cold storage facilities on agriculture in Assam, India. The key findings are:
1) Cold storage capacity in Assam grew significantly from 2001-2011, reaching a total of 109,540.9 MT distributed across various districts.
2) During this period, the area, production and productivity of horticultural crops grew faster than food crops, with compound annual growth rates of 2.3%, 6.96% and 4.41% respectively for vegetables.
3) The production portfolio of farmers shifted somewhat towards horticulture as cold storage infrastructure increased, though cropping patterns were still determined more by local soil and location factors
"Structural Transformation as a Pathway to Food Security: Comparative Analysis of Dynamic Trends in Central Asian Countries", presented by Kamiljon T. Akramov, at Regional Research Conference “Agricultural Transformation and Food Security in Central Asia”, April 8-9, 2014, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Brian Clancey from STATPUB.com shares Global Pulses Import - Export data in this insightful presentation. Pulses production, demand, trends in import-export and future outlook as presented at India Pulses & Grains Associaiton's 'Global Pulses Conclave 2012.
An analysis of technical efficiency of rice farmers in ahero irrigation schem...Alexander Decker
This document analyzes the technical efficiency of rice farmers in Ahero Irrigation Scheme, Kenya. It begins with background on rice production and consumption trends in Kenya. Rice consumption has been increasing at 12% annually compared to 4% for wheat and 1% for maize. However, production has not kept pace with demand, resulting in a large import deficit. The study estimates a stochastic Cobb-Douglas production function to determine technical efficiency and its determinants. It finds the technical efficiency of rice farmers is 0.82. Gender, farming experience, income level, and distance to market significantly influence technical efficiency. The study recommends policies to improve input affordability and farm incomes, as well as transport infrastructure, to increase efficiency of rice
This document summarizes findings from a presentation on India's pulses production given at an IFPRI conference in 2016. It finds that while India is the world's largest producer and consumer of pulses, its domestic production has not kept up with rising demand, leading to a growing reliance on imports. Analysis of production data from 1980-2015 shows that overall pulses area, yield and production have grown, but area expansion contributed more to growth than yield increases. More recently, expansion of irrigation infrastructure, especially for Rabi pulses like gram, has been a key factor supporting higher production. The conclusion calls for policies to strengthen technology development, irrigation, price incentives and market access to help India sustain its pulses production growth.
Record global harvests in 2013/14 have pushed down prices for cereals like maize and wheat. However, uncertainty in Ukraine has led to temporary price rises for these crops. While prices have been high and volatile since 2008, it now seems the markets may be reaching a new equilibrium as major drivers of change stabilize. Production responses to high prices, especially in developing countries, have accelerated world supply. If stability continues, proposals for radical market interventions may not be needed.
This document summarizes key points about food market transformation and food security in Asia, with a focus on China and India. It discusses the four "legs" of food security: availability, access, utilization, and stability. It also examines the rapid urbanization, economic growth, and integration occurring in Asian countries through foreign direct investment and trade. Key trends include the rising importance of non-rice foods, food processing, supermarkets, and intra-Asian trade. Data on GDP growth, poverty rates, rice yields, and more are presented to compare food security indicators in China and India. The challenges of feeding the growing populations in these "Dragon and Elephant" economies are also addressed.
Presented at the Pulses for Sustainable Agriculture and Human Health” on 31 May-1 June 2016 at NASC, New Delhi, India. The conference was jointly organised by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), TCi of Cornell University (TCi-CU) and Agriculture Today.
This document presents the objectives, methodology, findings and conclusions of a study on the impact of cold storage facilities on agriculture in Assam, India. The key findings are:
1) Cold storage capacity in Assam grew significantly from 2001-2011, reaching a total of 109,540.9 MT distributed across various districts.
2) During this period, the area, production and productivity of horticultural crops grew faster than food crops, with compound annual growth rates of 2.3%, 6.96% and 4.41% respectively for vegetables.
3) The production portfolio of farmers shifted somewhat towards horticulture as cold storage infrastructure increased, though cropping patterns were still determined more by local soil and location factors
"Structural Transformation as a Pathway to Food Security: Comparative Analysis of Dynamic Trends in Central Asian Countries", presented by Kamiljon T. Akramov, at Regional Research Conference “Agricultural Transformation and Food Security in Central Asia”, April 8-9, 2014, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Brian Clancey from STATPUB.com shares Global Pulses Import - Export data in this insightful presentation. Pulses production, demand, trends in import-export and future outlook as presented at India Pulses & Grains Associaiton's 'Global Pulses Conclave 2012.
China's agricultural sector has grown significantly over the past 30 years, with agricultural GDP growing 4-5 times the population growth rate. Institutional reforms, investments in agricultural technology, and market liberalization policies have driven this growth. However, China still faces challenges regarding small farm sizes, rural labor mobility, and improving its agricultural research and extension systems to better serve farmers. Future prospects include growing imports of land-intensive goods and exports of labor-intensive products as China's agriculture continues integrating with global markets.
On August 8-14, the 29th Triennial International Conference of Agricultural Economists (ICAE) is taking place in Milan, Italy. One of the Symposiums is titled "Food Security and Food Self-Sufficiency in Central Asia", where CER presented the results of its research on "Food Security in 2025: Availability, Accessibility and Nutrition".
The elements of Uzbekistan’s Food policy are now widely recognized and considered as internationally accepted best practices because it has proved its effectiveness and averted the threats to the nation’s food security.
IFPRI South Asia researchers Devesh Roy, Ruchira Boss, Mamata Pradhan and Manmeet Ajmani presented ‘Understanding the landscape of pulse policy in India and implications for trade’ to the Global Pulse Federation. The paper examines Indian policy around production, consumption and trade. The need for pulse trade policy in India to be supportive of Domestic priorities focused on serving interest of both India’s farmers and consumers.
This document summarizes the key topics and findings from the book "Agricultural Transformation in Nepal: Trends, Prospects and Policy Options". It discusses Nepal's agricultural sector challenges including lower and fluctuating growth, declining productivity, and rising imports. However, it also notes prospects like shifting diets driving demand, commercialization, and emerging value chains. The way forward involves ensuring food security through technology adoption, increasing public and private investment, promoting diversification, and developing domestic and regional value chains. Strengthening infrastructure, quality standards, contract farming and trade opportunities can help realize the agriculture sector's potential.
A one-day Strategic Foresight Conference took place at IFPRI Headquarters in Washington DC on November 7, 2014. Participants from leading global modeling groups, collaborating CGIAR centers and research programs, and other partners reviewed new long-term projections for global agriculture from IFPRI and other leading institutions, examined the potential impacts of climate change and other key challenges, and discussed the role of foresight work in identifying and supporting promising solutions.
Topics included:
Long-term outlook and challenges for food & agriculture
Addressing the challenges
Foresight in the CGIAR
Webcast video of morning sessions available on Global Futures program website here: http://globalfutures.cgiar.org/2014/11/03/global-futures-strategic-foresight-conference/
Trends in Production and Export of Lentils in EthiopiaPremier Publishers
Lentils are among the major grain crops in Ethiopia that constituted the major food crops for the majority of the country’s population. It also served as a source of income at household level and a contributor for the country’s foreign currency earnings. The study was conducted to analyze the trend of production and export of Lentils in Ethiopia. Secondary data on production and export of the crop were used and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study identified that, the total land area and the total volume of lentil production has increased at a compound growth rate of 4% and 9% respectively, while the productivity of the crop has shown a 5%compounded growth. Ethiopia exports on average 2,339,693 kg of lentils and incurred birr 18,684,845. Pakistan and United Arab Emirates are the highest recipients for Ethiopian lentils with a share of 20 % and 16 % respectively. Italy was the destination country from which highest value/kg (birr 25/kg) from Lentils export is received. Therefore, it is important to give more attention to the crop in research system so as to have more improved varieties and agronomic recommendations. On the other hand, we need to export the crop and its product to those countries which have high Value to volume ratio (VVR).
Determinants of seed cotton output evidence from the northern region of ghanaAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that analyzed the factors influencing seed cotton output in Ghana's Northern Region. 200 cotton farmers were surveyed using multi-stage random sampling. An augmented Cobb-Douglas production model was used for analysis. The results showed farmer's education, experience, farm size, fertilizer use, labor, location, extension contact and farmer group size were significant determinants of output. The estimation also showed decreasing returns to scale of 0.824. The relevance of input factors calls for policies focusing on timely provision of quality inputs.
Presentation delivered by Dr. Jikun Huang (Chinese Academy of Sciences, China) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
Beyond agriculture: Measuring agri-food system GDP and employmentIFPRI-PIM
Webinar with James Thurlow (IFPRI/CGIAR-PIM) presenting a new approach for measuring agri-food system GDP and employment. (Recorded on April 8, 2021)
More info and full recording: https://bit.ly/mafsGDP
The document summarizes the status of food security in Afghanistan. It discusses that years of conflict have led to high poverty and food insecurity in Afghanistan. Food production, especially of wheat, is highly volatile and the country depends on imports to meet shortfalls. Over 30% of the population experiences food insecurity. Wheat accounts for over half of caloric intake but Afghanistan is not self-sufficient in wheat production. Rising food prices particularly affect food security.
Livestock production trends show that growth varies by geography. Estimates indicate that global compound feed production is approaching one billion metric tons.
This document summarizes Cambodia's agricultural sector transition over the past 10 years and identifies opportunities and risks going forward. Key points:
1. Agricultural production grew significantly due to expansion of cultivated land and increased yields, but farm profitability stagnated in real terms.
2. Future risks include limited potential for further land expansion, increasing scarcity of agricultural labor, and stagnating profits.
3. New drivers of growth are needed, such as total factor productivity increases and stronger agribusiness linkages, to sustain agricultural development without relying on further input expansion.
Presented at the Pulses for Sustainable Agriculture and Human Health” on 31 May-1 June 2016 at NASC, New Delhi, India. The conference was jointly organised by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), TCi of Cornell University (TCi-CU) and Agriculture Today.
1. China has achieved great success in ensuring food security in the past through policies that promoted institutional change, agricultural technology, market reforms, and investment.
2. However, China is now entering a new era of long-term food shortage as challenges intensify and new issues emerge.
3. Food and nutrition security as well as current policies now face challenges such as a widening supply-demand gap, rising costs of production, increasing scarcity of water and land resources, and the effects of climate change.
4. Going forward, China needs to build on the lessons and experiences of the past while implementing new measures to address the nutrition, safety, cost, resource, and climate challenges presented by this new period
Presented at the Pulses for Sustainable Agriculture and Human Health” on 31 May-1 June 2016 at NASC, New Delhi, India. The conference was jointly organised by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), TCi of Cornell University (TCi-CU) and Agriculture Today.
Channing Arndt
COUNTRY WORKSHOP
The Knowledge Lab on Climate Resilient Food Systems: An analytical support facility to achieve the SDGs
Co-Organized by IFPRI and AGRA
FEB 7, 2019 - 08:30 AM TO 05:55 PM EAT
Theoritical Study on The Impact of Trade Liberalization to The Economic Perfo...inventionjournals
This research purposed to: 1) analyze the full impact of trade liberalization on economic performance of maize in Indonesia. 2) Analyze the impact of external shock for the economic performance of corn in Indonesia on trade liberalization era. This research using secondary data about 1975 – 2014, that gotten from many sources, there are BPS, Kementan, APPI, , FAOSTAT, NASS-USDA, ERS-USDA, Unites States of Cencus Beureau, EPI, and Worldfood. Analyze of data using system of simultaneous equations (2SLS). The results of research show that: 1) when the trade liberalization totally implemented, the world corn import had been increased higher than the increment of world corn export, so the world corn price is increase. For Indonesia, if compared with basic condition, although the world corn price increase but the effect of totally implementation trade liberalization (import corn price equal with world corn price ) so Indonesian import corn price is lower than before, then made the decline of Indonesian corn price and the increment of Indonesian corn import. 2) the increment of corn’s demand from main importer countries and the decrease of corn production from main exporter countries on trade liberalization era cause the increment of world corn price. That increase of world corn price causing the increment of Indonesian corn import price then made increase of Indonesian corn price and decrease of Indonesian corn import price. On the other hand, Indonesian corn production is increase.
India is a major producer and exporter of agricultural products globally. Some key points:
- India ranks among the world's largest producers for many agricultural commodities like spices, pulses, milk, tea, and is the second largest producer of rice, wheat, fruits and vegetables.
- Agricultural exports from India have grown significantly over the past decade, reaching US$38 billion in FY2018. Major exports include marine products, rice, buffalo meat, tea and coffee.
- Domestic production of food grains and horticulture crops has also increased steadily in recent years, with record production of rice, wheat and horticulture crops estimated in FY2018.
- The Indian government has implemented various
2030 Vision for the Global Food System: Implications for IndiaThe World Bank
What is India's role in a productive and resilient food system that can help feed the world? A plenary presentation at the 12th Agricultural Science Congress, Karnal, India.
This document summarizes a study on agricultural transformation and input policies in Myanmar. It finds that while poverty has declined, many regions still face rice self-sufficiency issues. Under socialist rule from 1962-1988, fertilizer was subsidized but agricultural development stagnated. Since 1988, liberalization led to rising fertilizer prices and inefficient distribution systems. The study uses a policy analysis matrix to show that input and output policies impose taxes on farmers, particularly for hybrid rice varieties. It recommends improving access to credit, inputs and developing Myanmar's seed and fertilizer industries to boost productivity and support smallholder farmers' food security and incomes.
China's agricultural sector has grown significantly over the past 30 years, with agricultural GDP growing 4-5 times the population growth rate. Institutional reforms, investments in agricultural technology, and market liberalization policies have driven this growth. However, China still faces challenges regarding small farm sizes, rural labor mobility, and improving its agricultural research and extension systems to better serve farmers. Future prospects include growing imports of land-intensive goods and exports of labor-intensive products as China's agriculture continues integrating with global markets.
On August 8-14, the 29th Triennial International Conference of Agricultural Economists (ICAE) is taking place in Milan, Italy. One of the Symposiums is titled "Food Security and Food Self-Sufficiency in Central Asia", where CER presented the results of its research on "Food Security in 2025: Availability, Accessibility and Nutrition".
The elements of Uzbekistan’s Food policy are now widely recognized and considered as internationally accepted best practices because it has proved its effectiveness and averted the threats to the nation’s food security.
IFPRI South Asia researchers Devesh Roy, Ruchira Boss, Mamata Pradhan and Manmeet Ajmani presented ‘Understanding the landscape of pulse policy in India and implications for trade’ to the Global Pulse Federation. The paper examines Indian policy around production, consumption and trade. The need for pulse trade policy in India to be supportive of Domestic priorities focused on serving interest of both India’s farmers and consumers.
This document summarizes the key topics and findings from the book "Agricultural Transformation in Nepal: Trends, Prospects and Policy Options". It discusses Nepal's agricultural sector challenges including lower and fluctuating growth, declining productivity, and rising imports. However, it also notes prospects like shifting diets driving demand, commercialization, and emerging value chains. The way forward involves ensuring food security through technology adoption, increasing public and private investment, promoting diversification, and developing domestic and regional value chains. Strengthening infrastructure, quality standards, contract farming and trade opportunities can help realize the agriculture sector's potential.
A one-day Strategic Foresight Conference took place at IFPRI Headquarters in Washington DC on November 7, 2014. Participants from leading global modeling groups, collaborating CGIAR centers and research programs, and other partners reviewed new long-term projections for global agriculture from IFPRI and other leading institutions, examined the potential impacts of climate change and other key challenges, and discussed the role of foresight work in identifying and supporting promising solutions.
Topics included:
Long-term outlook and challenges for food & agriculture
Addressing the challenges
Foresight in the CGIAR
Webcast video of morning sessions available on Global Futures program website here: http://globalfutures.cgiar.org/2014/11/03/global-futures-strategic-foresight-conference/
Trends in Production and Export of Lentils in EthiopiaPremier Publishers
Lentils are among the major grain crops in Ethiopia that constituted the major food crops for the majority of the country’s population. It also served as a source of income at household level and a contributor for the country’s foreign currency earnings. The study was conducted to analyze the trend of production and export of Lentils in Ethiopia. Secondary data on production and export of the crop were used and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study identified that, the total land area and the total volume of lentil production has increased at a compound growth rate of 4% and 9% respectively, while the productivity of the crop has shown a 5%compounded growth. Ethiopia exports on average 2,339,693 kg of lentils and incurred birr 18,684,845. Pakistan and United Arab Emirates are the highest recipients for Ethiopian lentils with a share of 20 % and 16 % respectively. Italy was the destination country from which highest value/kg (birr 25/kg) from Lentils export is received. Therefore, it is important to give more attention to the crop in research system so as to have more improved varieties and agronomic recommendations. On the other hand, we need to export the crop and its product to those countries which have high Value to volume ratio (VVR).
Determinants of seed cotton output evidence from the northern region of ghanaAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that analyzed the factors influencing seed cotton output in Ghana's Northern Region. 200 cotton farmers were surveyed using multi-stage random sampling. An augmented Cobb-Douglas production model was used for analysis. The results showed farmer's education, experience, farm size, fertilizer use, labor, location, extension contact and farmer group size were significant determinants of output. The estimation also showed decreasing returns to scale of 0.824. The relevance of input factors calls for policies focusing on timely provision of quality inputs.
Presentation delivered by Dr. Jikun Huang (Chinese Academy of Sciences, China) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
Beyond agriculture: Measuring agri-food system GDP and employmentIFPRI-PIM
Webinar with James Thurlow (IFPRI/CGIAR-PIM) presenting a new approach for measuring agri-food system GDP and employment. (Recorded on April 8, 2021)
More info and full recording: https://bit.ly/mafsGDP
The document summarizes the status of food security in Afghanistan. It discusses that years of conflict have led to high poverty and food insecurity in Afghanistan. Food production, especially of wheat, is highly volatile and the country depends on imports to meet shortfalls. Over 30% of the population experiences food insecurity. Wheat accounts for over half of caloric intake but Afghanistan is not self-sufficient in wheat production. Rising food prices particularly affect food security.
Livestock production trends show that growth varies by geography. Estimates indicate that global compound feed production is approaching one billion metric tons.
This document summarizes Cambodia's agricultural sector transition over the past 10 years and identifies opportunities and risks going forward. Key points:
1. Agricultural production grew significantly due to expansion of cultivated land and increased yields, but farm profitability stagnated in real terms.
2. Future risks include limited potential for further land expansion, increasing scarcity of agricultural labor, and stagnating profits.
3. New drivers of growth are needed, such as total factor productivity increases and stronger agribusiness linkages, to sustain agricultural development without relying on further input expansion.
Presented at the Pulses for Sustainable Agriculture and Human Health” on 31 May-1 June 2016 at NASC, New Delhi, India. The conference was jointly organised by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), TCi of Cornell University (TCi-CU) and Agriculture Today.
1. China has achieved great success in ensuring food security in the past through policies that promoted institutional change, agricultural technology, market reforms, and investment.
2. However, China is now entering a new era of long-term food shortage as challenges intensify and new issues emerge.
3. Food and nutrition security as well as current policies now face challenges such as a widening supply-demand gap, rising costs of production, increasing scarcity of water and land resources, and the effects of climate change.
4. Going forward, China needs to build on the lessons and experiences of the past while implementing new measures to address the nutrition, safety, cost, resource, and climate challenges presented by this new period
Presented at the Pulses for Sustainable Agriculture and Human Health” on 31 May-1 June 2016 at NASC, New Delhi, India. The conference was jointly organised by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), TCi of Cornell University (TCi-CU) and Agriculture Today.
Channing Arndt
COUNTRY WORKSHOP
The Knowledge Lab on Climate Resilient Food Systems: An analytical support facility to achieve the SDGs
Co-Organized by IFPRI and AGRA
FEB 7, 2019 - 08:30 AM TO 05:55 PM EAT
Theoritical Study on The Impact of Trade Liberalization to The Economic Perfo...inventionjournals
This research purposed to: 1) analyze the full impact of trade liberalization on economic performance of maize in Indonesia. 2) Analyze the impact of external shock for the economic performance of corn in Indonesia on trade liberalization era. This research using secondary data about 1975 – 2014, that gotten from many sources, there are BPS, Kementan, APPI, , FAOSTAT, NASS-USDA, ERS-USDA, Unites States of Cencus Beureau, EPI, and Worldfood. Analyze of data using system of simultaneous equations (2SLS). The results of research show that: 1) when the trade liberalization totally implemented, the world corn import had been increased higher than the increment of world corn export, so the world corn price is increase. For Indonesia, if compared with basic condition, although the world corn price increase but the effect of totally implementation trade liberalization (import corn price equal with world corn price ) so Indonesian import corn price is lower than before, then made the decline of Indonesian corn price and the increment of Indonesian corn import. 2) the increment of corn’s demand from main importer countries and the decrease of corn production from main exporter countries on trade liberalization era cause the increment of world corn price. That increase of world corn price causing the increment of Indonesian corn import price then made increase of Indonesian corn price and decrease of Indonesian corn import price. On the other hand, Indonesian corn production is increase.
India is a major producer and exporter of agricultural products globally. Some key points:
- India ranks among the world's largest producers for many agricultural commodities like spices, pulses, milk, tea, and is the second largest producer of rice, wheat, fruits and vegetables.
- Agricultural exports from India have grown significantly over the past decade, reaching US$38 billion in FY2018. Major exports include marine products, rice, buffalo meat, tea and coffee.
- Domestic production of food grains and horticulture crops has also increased steadily in recent years, with record production of rice, wheat and horticulture crops estimated in FY2018.
- The Indian government has implemented various
2030 Vision for the Global Food System: Implications for IndiaThe World Bank
What is India's role in a productive and resilient food system that can help feed the world? A plenary presentation at the 12th Agricultural Science Congress, Karnal, India.
This document summarizes a study on agricultural transformation and input policies in Myanmar. It finds that while poverty has declined, many regions still face rice self-sufficiency issues. Under socialist rule from 1962-1988, fertilizer was subsidized but agricultural development stagnated. Since 1988, liberalization led to rising fertilizer prices and inefficient distribution systems. The study uses a policy analysis matrix to show that input and output policies impose taxes on farmers, particularly for hybrid rice varieties. It recommends improving access to credit, inputs and developing Myanmar's seed and fertilizer industries to boost productivity and support smallholder farmers' food security and incomes.
The document outlines Cambodia's agricultural transformation over the past 10 years and identifies opportunities and risks going forward. Key changes include increased productivity, expansion of rice milling, changing labor patterns, and infrastructure growth. Driving forces were policy reforms, investment, technology adoption, and higher food prices. Sustaining growth requires improving the business environment, public-private partnerships, skills development, and strategic national programs. The diagnostic study will analyze four commodities across regions using surveys, focus groups, and comparing to a previous study to inform Cambodia's agricultural roadmap.
This document discusses trends in high-value agriculture in India. It notes a shift from grains to higher-value commodities like fruits, vegetables, dairy and meat due to rising incomes, urbanization, and trade policies. Exports of high-value products like fruits and vegetables have grown significantly. Contract farming has allowed small farmers to access high-value domestic and export markets. Overall high-value agriculture provides opportunities for commercialization and income growth for smallholders through arrangements like contract farming. The document analyzes crop area and production data and makes recommendations to promote diversification and infrastructure to support high-value agriculture.
Doubling Farmers’ Income through animal agriculture: Need for policy changeILRI
Presented by Habibur Rahman, Vijayalakshmy Kennady and Braja B Swain (ILRI), at the International Conference on Doubling the Farmers Income, Assam Agricultural University, Assam, India, 27–28 February 2019
World hunger day 2015 focused on food security, past, present, and future. There are four pillars of food security: availability, access, utilization, and stability. Food security exists when all people have access to sufficient nutritious food at all times. Key challenges to food security include declining resources, climate change impacts, and lack of access to markets. Climate change is expected to negatively affect food production in South Asia and Southeast Asia, increasing prices and extreme weather events. Vulnerable countries that will need assistance include Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Lao PDR, Myanmar, and Nepal.
Iniciativa para el Monitoreo de la Agricultura GlobalEduardo Rollero
This document proposes the "G20 Global Agricultural Monitoring" initiative to improve sustainable data collection for worldwide food security and commodity market transparency. Currently, instability in global food supply and demand leads to price volatility and market uncertainty. The three pillars of agricultural monitoring - satellite imagery, meteorological data, and regional agricultural knowledge - can help reduce this uncertainty by providing timely information on crop status, yield forecasts, and supply predictions. Existing public and private monitoring systems provide early crop estimates and forecasts, but an international coordination of efforts could generate more comprehensive and transparent global agricultural data for policymaking and market stability.
This document summarizes key points from a presentation on doubling farmers' income in India. It notes that the government set up a committee in 2016 to develop a plan to double farmers' income by 2022. The committee report recommends increasing investment in agriculture by Rs. 640,000 crores, with 80% of funds coming from the government. It also suggests increasing the share of farm income from 60% to 69% by improving productivity, reducing costs and wastage, and facilitating diversification. However, the document questions some inconsistencies and whether resources can be mobilized given other spending priorities. It analyzes growth trends and argues for market reforms to truly incentivize farmers.
This document summarizes key points from a presentation on doubling farmers' income in India. It notes that the government set up a committee in 2016 to develop a plan to double farmers' income by 2022. The committee report recommends increasing investment in agriculture by Rs. 640,000 crores, with 80% of funds coming from the government. It also suggests increasing the share of farm income from 60% to 69% by improving productivity, reducing costs and wastage, and facilitating diversification. However, the document questions some inconsistencies and whether resources can be mobilized given other spending priorities. It analyzes growth trends and argues for market reforms to truly incentivize farmers.
The presentation is by P Kumar, IARI and P K Joshi, IFPRI from the one day workshop on ‘Pulses for Nutrition in India: Changing Patterns from Farm-to-Fork’ organized on Jan 14, 2014. The workshop is based on a few studies conducted by the International Food Policy Research Institute under the CGIAR’s Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health. These studies covered the entire domain of pulse sector in India from production to consumption, prices to trade, processing to value addition, and from innovations to the role of private sector in strengthening the entire pulse value chain. These studies were designed to better understand the drivers of changing dynamics of pulses in the value chain from farm-to-fork, and explore opportunities for meeting their availability through increased production, enhanced trade and improved efficiency.
- The document discusses the transformation of India's agri-food system, with organized retail rapidly expanding and demand patterns changing as incomes rise.
- While front-end players like retailers and processors are growing, the farm sector remains fragmented. There is a challenge to ensure retail benefits small farmers by "lifting the tail."
- Emerging "rural business hubs" like ITC e-Choupal are attempting to connect small farmers to the supply chain by providing services around inputs, financing, and market access. If scaled successfully, they could help make the food system more inclusive and competitive.
The agriculture sector is the dominant sector of the Indian economy, providing livelihood for about 65% of the population. Some key points about Indian agriculture:
- It has grown significantly since the Green Revolution but faces challenges of small landholdings, inadequate irrigation, depleted soils, and lack of storage and financing.
- Government policies aim to achieve over 4% annual growth through private sector participation, insurance, market access, and infrastructure development.
- The sector faces population pressure, resulting in small fragmented landholdings, as well as problems of irrigation, soil depletion, storage, and farm equipment.
- Recent developments include increased government expenditure on agriculture and a target of Rs. 575,000 crore
This presentation is all about highlighting present scenario of food security in India and the Issues and challenges it is facing. Furthermore, some of the pragmatic measures have been given so as to make India a food secure nation.
“High value agriculture and market linkages in India” presented by Pratap S. Birthal, National Centre for Agricultural Economics and Policy Research (NCAP) and P. K. Joshi, IFPRI at the ReSAKSS-Asia Conference, Nov 14-16, 2011, in Kathmandu, Nepal.
Food consumption patterns and implications for poverty reductionTahira Sultana
This document analyzes food security and consumption patterns in Pakistan. It finds that nearly half the population is unable to meet minimum calorie requirements. Wheat provides the majority of calories but its price has risen significantly, hurting many households. Analysis of household survey data shows that the poor spend a larger share of their budget on food compared to non-poor households. Rising global and domestic food prices pose challenges for food security and welfare in Pakistan.
This document summarizes an application of an agricultural sector model to assess advances in animal health and livestock feed technologies. It discusses:
1) Global trends in increasing livestock production and demand, and the important role livestock plays in economies and diets.
2) Science-based options like vaccines, improved feeds, and genetics that can help bridge livestock yield gaps in developing countries.
3) How an agricultural model called IMPACT can be used to evaluate the economic and environmental impacts of different technology options.
4) Next steps involve further refining technology parameters for the model and exploring its implications for research priorities and policies related to animal health and feeding.
Ramesh_Chand_Agriculture_Stanford_Idea_India_The_India_Dialog_2024.pptxDr. Amit Kapoor
Presentation done by Ramesh Chand,Member NITI Ayog, Government of India on "Role and Place of Agriculture in Meeting Aspirations of Viksit Bharat " at #TheIndiaDialog on February 29, 2024 at Stanford University. The #TheIndiaDialog was organised by Institute for Competitiveness and US Asia Technology Management Center at Stanford University.
#TheIndiaDialog looks at inviting the world’s leading experts and intellectuals in the areas of economics, business, policy, social development, science, technology, art and culture to provide their perspectives and foster an understanding of India. There would be a series of keynote addresses, panel discussions, and fireside chats during the dialog.
The document summarizes discussions from a consultative meeting on promoting Indian agricultural exports. It outlines opportunities and challenges for Indian agri-exports. Key points include: India is a major exporter of some raw commodities but lags in value-added exports; there are market opportunities for Indian exports of fruits, vegetables, grains, meat and processed products; an Agriculture Export Policy aims to double Indian agri-exports by 2022; and greater involvement of state governments is needed to develop export clusters and infrastructure.
1) The document analyzes the impacts of agricultural growth and rural welfare in Pakistan using economy-wide modeling.
2) It finds that slowing growth in the agriculture and energy sectors could increase poverty rates, as these sectors are major pillars of Pakistan's development strategy.
3) In particular, slowing the increase in electricity supply was found to have the largest impact on poverty, even if it did not have the largest impact on overall economic growth. Agricultural growth significantly raises rural and urban incomes and reduces poverty.
Similar to India’s Grain Policy and the World (20)
What do women and men farmers want in their maize varietiesCIMMYT
Women farmers in Eastern Africa have different preferences than male farmers for traits in maize varieties. The document analyzes data from choice experiments conducted in Kenya to determine willingness to pay for various traits. Key findings include: Women do not prefer large grain size as much as men and value traits like storability and drought tolerance more. When socioeconomic factors are controlled for, men have a higher willingness to pay for closed tip ears. Women value drought tolerance and resistance to the striga weed twice as much as men. Men's willingness to pay for low nitrogen tolerance was much higher than women's. The top preferred traits overall were storability, drought tolerance, striga resistance, and lodging resistance.
Transforming Maize-legume Value Chains –A Business Case for Climate-Smart Ag...CIMMYT
CIMMYT Senior Cropping Systems Agronomist Christian Thierfelder presented on climate-smart agriculture in southern Africa in a webinar titled Climate Resilient Agriculture Success Stories – Making a Case for Scale Up.
Maize for Asian tropics: Chasing the moving targetCIMMYT
This document discusses challenges and opportunities for maize research and development in the Asian tropics. It notes the highly variable climate conditions maize faces, including drought, heat stress, excess moisture, and more frequent weather extremes due to climate change. It emphasizes the need for stress-resilient maize varieties and agronomic practices that can protect yields under both optimal and stressful conditions. The document outlines CIMMYT's efforts in stress-resilient maize breeding using new tools like high-throughput phenotyping, genomics, and doubled haploid technology integrated with conventional breeding methods. Close partnerships with various Asian countries and donors are highlighted as important for making progress on this "moving target" of maize improvement for the
Tropical maize genome: what do we know so far and how to use that informationCIMMYT
The document discusses tropical maize genomics, outlining what is currently known about tropical maize genomes from projects like the maize HapMaps. It describes how genomic information can be used to unlock genetic variation in tropical maize germplasm and drive molecular breeding efforts through approaches like genome-wide association studies, marker-assisted selection, and the development of multiple panels of SNP markers. The document also explores how plant breeding will increasingly be driven by big data and artificial intelligence.
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The document outlines the agenda for the 13th Asian Maize Conference held in Ludhiana, Punjab, India from 8-10 October 2018. It discusses maize production trends globally and in key countries like China, USA, and Brazil. It also summarizes maize production in Nepal, highlighting challenges like low productivity. The author presents results from an experiment comparing Nutrient Expert recommendations to farmer practices, finding a significant yield increase using the former approach. The conclusion is that Nutrient Expert can help address efficient nutrient management and increase yields and profits for farmers.
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This document discusses a study that identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with resistance to shoot fly in maize. The researchers studied two maize inbred lines, CM143 and CM144, and their F2:3 progenies. They measured traits related to shoot fly resistance, such as egg count, leaf injury, and dead heart percentage, in the parents and progenies over time. Phenotypic correlations between traits were calculated. The progenies were genotyped using SSR markers and a genetic linkage map was constructed. QTL analysis identified several QTL associated with traits like leaf width, length, area, injury, and stem girth on different chromosomes. The QTL explained phenotypic variances ranging from 7-
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This study identified Fusarium verticillioides as the main causal agent of ear rot in maize in Thailand. Over two growing seasons, the fungus was isolated from fields in six locations, where disease incidence and severity varied. Sixty inbred maize lines were evaluated for resistance to F. verticillioides under artificial inoculation. Lines Ki30, Ki45 and Ki59 showed the lowest disease severity scores. Additionally, 20 pre-commercial and 3 commercial maize hybrids were evaluated for natural infection in field trials across locations. Variation in disease incidence and severity was observed among hybrids and locations.
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This study compared the biochemical and physiological responses of six maize genotypes under waterlogging stress conditions. The genotypes differed in their canopy cover, chlorophyll content, membrane damage, and antioxidant enzyme activity when exposed to waterlogging over six days. CML 54 x CML 487, BIL 219 and CML 487 showed the best performance under stress, with higher antioxidant enzyme activities and less membrane damage and chlorophyll loss. CML 54 and CML 486 were the most susceptible. The tolerant genotypes will be targets for future breeding programs to develop waterlogging tolerance in maize.
1. CIMMYT genotyped its entire maize germplasm bank collection of 28,000 accessions to better understand genetic diversity and identify alleles of breeding value.
2. Genomic and environmental data is being used to conduct genome-wide association studies and environmental GWAS to find genetic variations associated with traits like drought tolerance.
3. Selected accessions are undergoing pre-breeding to transfer useful alleles to elite lines and develop populations with improved stress resistance and other traits for breeders.
4. Products like catalogues of tolerant accessions are being made available to breeders, researchers, and genebanks to facilitate use of genetic resources.
This document summarizes the objectives and methodology of a study evaluating the effects of char, a byproduct of coal burning, in nitrogen management of maize soils in a semi-arid region. The study aims to: 1) Measure nitrogen losses from loam and sandy loam soils amended with various rates of char, 2) Evaluate the effect of char on maize fertilized with urea and manure in fields, and 3) Test sensors to estimate maize nitrogen status throughout growth stages. The results are expected to optimize nitrogen fertilizer use, increase nitrogen use efficiency and maize yields, and provide a tool to help small-holder farmers.
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This document discusses technologies and strategies being used by Corteva Agriscience to improve maize yields. It highlights advanced phenotyping systems using drones and satellite imagery, genomic research including reference genomes, and the use of gene editing including CRISPR-Cas9 to develop new varieties with improved traits like disease resistance and drought tolerance. The first example product mentioned is a waxy corn variety developed using CRISPR-Cas9 that is expected to launch commercially in 2020.
BIRDS DIVERSITY OF SOOTEA BISWANATH ASSAM.ppt.pptxgoluk9330
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We present the JWST discovery of SN 2023adsy, a transient object located in a host galaxy JADES-GS
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53.13485
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2.903
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0.007
. The transient was identified in deep James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam imaging from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. Photometric and spectroscopic followup with NIRCam and NIRSpec, respectively, confirm the redshift and yield UV-NIR light-curve, NIR color, and spectroscopic information all consistent with a Type Ia classification. Despite its classification as a likely SN Ia, SN 2023adsy is both fairly red (
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Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdfSelcen Ozturkcan
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDSSérgio Sacani
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
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Neutralizing antibodies, pivotal in immune defense, specifically bind and inhibit viral pathogens, thereby playing a crucial role in protecting against and mitigating infectious diseases. In this slide, we will introduce what antibodies and neutralizing antibodies are, the production and regulation of neutralizing antibodies, their mechanisms of action, classification and applications, as well as the challenges they face.
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Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths ForwardLeonel Morgado
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
1. Ashok Gulati
Chair Professor for Agriculture
Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER)
(formerly Chairman of Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices, (CACP))
Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security,
March 25-28, 2014, Mexico
2. Who could imagine even 5 years back
That India could be exporting 22 million
tonnes (mt) of cereals in 2012-13, and about
18-20 mt in 2013-14, a total of more than
40 mt in two years that it has never done in
its history of more than 3000 years!
That India could be the largest exporter of
rice in the world in 2012-13 as well as in
2013-14
5. India imported more than 6 mt of wheat
And in October 2007 imposed ban on exports
of wheat and common rice in the wake of
rising global food prices
How did this turn around from panic and
deficit of grain to surplus stocks and massive
exports took place in just five years?
6. India launched National Food Security Mission
(NFSM) in 2007 to produce additional 20 mt
of food grains (10mt rice, 8 mt wheat and 2
mt pulses) in five years…
Focused on delivery of better seeds, farm
practices, and other technologies…largely in
central, east, and southern India
Result: Foodgrain production increased by 42
mt in 2011-12 over 2006-07 level.
7. Technology on its own could not have succeeded
if the price environment was not favorable
Minimum support prices (MSPs) of wheat and
paddy were raised in a big way (by more than
30% in 2008-09 over 2007-08 marketing years)
This led to a major change in the incentive
structure for wheat and rice, and gave robust
results…
11. The key lesson from what has happened in
India since 2007-08 is that price policy plays
a critical role
Farmers can respond to price signals by
adopting better technology (seeds and
farming practices) raising overall production
and productivity
This is the same strategy that was adopted at
the time of Green revolution in late 1960s.
13. Focus shifting from production to distribution
Entitlement approach under Life Cycle
National Food Security Act (NFSA) passed in Sept
2013.
Envisages distributing 61.2 mt of cereals at
highly subsidized price (roughly at one-tenth the
economic cost (Rs 3/2/1 per kg of rice/wheat and coarse grains;
5 kgs per person per month to priority HHs; and 35 kgs/HH
under AAY scheme…total covering 67% of total population)
14. Direct fiscal cost roughly $18-20 billion p.a at
current exchange rates (adding indirect costs will
make it $30 billion)
Existing public delivery system high leaky (PDS
leakage around 40%)
Massive government intervention in procurement,
storage and distribution of cereals will drive away
private sector…expensive
Cereal centric policies will slow down
diversification towards high value crops
15. Only time will tell whether it becomes a
model for developing world or remains a
muddle
Basic flaw is the design of policy: trying to
achieve equity objectives through price policy
rather than income policy…
International best practices suggest
conditional cash transfers as they don’t
muddle with grain markets
16. High stocks in India (and China) could keep
world prices of wheat and rice high;
Erratic entry and exit of India from global rice
and wheat trade will bring in additional
uncertainty in global prices
Better option will be greater integration with
world markets with exports and imports
open, and keeping duties at low levels
17. Thanx for inviting me
And Best Compliments for organizing this
great event!
Jai Kissan and Jai Vigyan! (Salutation to the
farmers and Scientists around the World!)