late 19th century art & architecture, including impressionism, post impressionism, symbolism, and skeletal architecture

1. French Connection “ That looks like an impression of a painting…” sneered the critic Impressionism Post-Impressionism

4. Compare Manet & Giorgione…

5. Olympia , Manet, 1863, oil on canvas, 4’3” x 6’2” (Louvre)… courtesan stares out at us, not modeled figure. Play by Alexandre Dumas (les Miserables, 3 Musketeers) about social climbing prostitute with same name…Olympia confronts the viewer, she is powerful.. NOT an accommodating female nude .. Manet began to gather with other rejects (refuses) in Montmartre …

6. Compare Manet & Titian… Olympia, Manet, 1868 Venus of Urbino, Titian, 1538

7. Bar at the Folies-Bergere, Manet, oil on canvas, 1882 Barmaid stares out at us What is the mirror reflecting? Trapeze in upper far left corner Composition pushes goods for sale up to the counter Modern sales technique of products next to a pretty sales girl More impressionistic than Manet’s early works

8. Mystery of the Mirror in Manet’s painting…

9. French Connection Impressionism

10. Impressionism The movement's name was derived from Monet's early work, Impression: Sunrise, which was singled out for criticism by Louis Leroy upon its exhibition. The hallmark of the style is the attempt to capture the subjective impression of light in a scene. The Impressionist style was probably the single most successful and identifiable "movement" ever, and is still widely practiced today.

14. MONET, Claude Impression, Sunrise ( 1873) Oil on canvas, 19 x 24 3/8" Musee Marmottan, Paris.

15. Monet’s Rouen Cathedral in sun , 1894, oil on canvas, 40” x 26” (and in sunset…)

16. Monet’s Water Lilies (c. 1900) Monet did a series of large canvases on water lilies. He frequently painted his house at Giverny with the gardens and Japanese bridge. His friend Renoir painted him, painting in his garden.

18. RENOIR. The Luncheon of the Boating Party (1881) Oil on canvas, 51 x 68 in. Phillips Collection, Washington, D.C.

19. Renoir’s Moulin de la Galette, oil on canvas, 4 ft x 6’ approximately Dappling effect of fleeting light People not posed, enjoying meals and dancing Photographic randomness of clipped figures

21. Rehearsal on Stage, Edgar Degas, Pastel drawing Worked mostly indoors (not plein aire0 Asymetrical compositions Feathery brushstrokes showing the dancers’ costumes Japanese print influence in composition Rehearsal on Stage , Degas, 1874, pastel drawing

22. Degas’ The Absinthe Drinkers (c. 1875)

24. Breakfast in Bed, Mary Cassatt Cassatt did a series of paintings and pastel drawings on the theme of mother and child. Tenderness foreign to other Impressionists American expatriate Influential in bringing Impressionist paintings to US where they were a huge hit Natural charm Japanese influence Everyday life of women, independent, living their lives

25. Maternal Caress, woodblock print, Mary Cassatt was influenced by Japanese prints tilted style, outlining, pattern, and treatment of space. She did a series of woodblock prints inspired by ukiyo-e.

26. Oil on canvas, 32” x 23” Shows her sister at the opera Again, women going about their daily activities Dazzling colors and brushwork Lydia in a Loge , Mary Cassatt, 1879

27. Summer’s Day , Berthe Morisot, oil on canvas, 1879 Sister in law of Manet and grandaughter of Fragonard Sketchy, painterly brushwork Middle class women Asymmetrical composition Another female Impressionist

30. French Connection Post-Impressionism

34. SEURAT, Georges. A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of la Grande Jatte (1884-86) Oil on canvas, 6’10” x 10’1 1/4” Art Institute of Chicago. Statuesque figures not interacting… anonymity of modern society? Scientific analysis of color relationshiops (pointilism)

36. CEZANNE The Bather (c. 1885) Oil on canvas, 50 x 38 1/8 in The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York.

37. Mont Sainte-Victoire , Cezanne, 1887 Part of a series from mature period Wanted to make objects geometric constructions with splashes of pure color Solid and firmly constructed, not dappled momentary glimpse like the Impressionists did (Post Impressionism) Look at apace, but not enter Used perspective by juxtaposing warm colors and receding cool colors

38. Still Life with Basket of Apples, Cezanne, 1894 Tilted perspective Contrast of solid forms with flat surfaces Painterly brushstrokes

40. Starry Night , Vincent Van Gogh, 28” x 36”, 1889 Thick short brushstrokes, impasto paint View from hospital room in St-Remy At one with forces of nature Left to right wave impulse in his work, tree looks like green flames reaching to the sky exploding with stars

41. Plum Orchard , Hiroshige, Ukiyo-e print, 1857 Japonisme Flowering Plum Tree , Van Gogh, oil, 1887 Japanese Influence on Post Impressionists: Van Gogh

42. Manaha No Atua , (Day of the God), Paul Gauguin, oil on canvas. Symbolism (post impressionism), 1894. Gauguin traveled to Tahiti in search of paradise Painted native peoples in geomatric bright colors Exotic primitivism Symbolic, mysterios Color to express emotion

43. 1893, Art Nouveau style Noted graphic designer (not called that then.. Poster designer) Physically handicapped, short man Influence of Degas Influence of Japanese prints ukiyo-e Emphasis on curving lines, text integrated with the forms in the picture… Toulouse-Lautrec frequented the Moulin Rouge (check out the movie with Nicole Kidman!) Jane Avril , Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, lithograph

44. Other Connections Art Nouveau Architecture, Sculpture

45. Eiffel Tower , 1887-1889 Gustave Eiffel 19th Century more skeletal architecture.. Many buildings (remember Crystal Palace?) had skeleton holding up a exterior curtain of glass or steel. Land values soared, so buildings went UP (skyscrapers, etc.) Eiffel specialized in railway bridges Centerpiece of 1889 Paris Universal Exposition Interlocking members of a democratic society.. Innovative elevator swings up diagonally Also helped with Statue of Liberty and Panama Canal!

48. The Arts and Crafts movement was popular in the late 19th century, LED BY WILLIAM MORRIS. The idea was for everyday items to be made by trained craftspeople, not high priced artists, but to have beauty in everyday objects.

49. The Kiss , Gustav Klimt, 1907 Art Nouveau (art deco) style Golden painting Part of the Viennese secession movement Decorative patterns, gold more important than realistic modeling of forms Lovers are close to the edge of a cliff Art Deco style

50. The Waltz , Camille Claudel Originally cast with both figures nude, she had to modify it. 1892-1905 … Art deco or Art Nouveau style

51. Burghers of Calais , Auguste Rodin, bronze, 1889 Six burghers offer their lives to English king in return for saving their besieged city during Hundred Years war Parallels between Paris in 1870 war and war in 1347 Each figure has different emotion Sculpted individually, shown worn and hungry Central figure is ready for his execution