these slides are according to Pakistan HDI and covering the aspects and some important details of HDI.
Little bit description and introduction of HDI as well.
It described, how do we measure development. Various development indicators. HDI, GDP, GNP etc. Where India stands in HDI. the comparison among developed nations and among SAARC nations.
Human Development Index presentation - SlideshareAditiTewari4
Human Devlopment Index or HDi measures the well - being of a countries people Both Growth and Development refer to changes over a period of time:-
Growth:-
Quantitative and neutral change.
Positive or a negative .
Development:-
Qualitative change which is value positive.
Development occurs when positive growth takes place
HDI emphasizes that people and their capabilities should be the ultimate criteria for assessing the development of a country, not economic growth alone.
HDI measures average achievement of a country in three basic dimensions of human development:
A long and healthy life,
Access to knowledge, and
A decent standard of living.
It described, how do we measure development. Various development indicators. HDI, GDP, GNP etc. Where India stands in HDI. the comparison among developed nations and among SAARC nations.
Human Development Index presentation - SlideshareAditiTewari4
Human Devlopment Index or HDi measures the well - being of a countries people Both Growth and Development refer to changes over a period of time:-
Growth:-
Quantitative and neutral change.
Positive or a negative .
Development:-
Qualitative change which is value positive.
Development occurs when positive growth takes place
HDI emphasizes that people and their capabilities should be the ultimate criteria for assessing the development of a country, not economic growth alone.
HDI measures average achievement of a country in three basic dimensions of human development:
A long and healthy life,
Access to knowledge, and
A decent standard of living.
This presentation explains all the important points about one of the major measures of development of a country that is the Human Development Index. This presentation includes the definition,history,dimension, calculation,geographical coverage, past top countries and the criticism of Human Development Index.
Characteristics of underdeveloped economiesGeorgi Mathew
discussing the features of under developed or developing countries with special reference to India. helpful for school and college who try to understand the characteristics of Indian economy from the angle of developing economy.
This presentation explains all the important points about one of the major measures of development of a country that is the Human Development Index. This presentation includes the definition,history,dimension, calculation,geographical coverage, past top countries and the criticism of Human Development Index.
Characteristics of underdeveloped economiesGeorgi Mathew
discussing the features of under developed or developing countries with special reference to India. helpful for school and college who try to understand the characteristics of Indian economy from the angle of developing economy.
Human capital refers to the stock of skill, ability, expertise, education, and knowledge in a nation at a point of time. We need investment in human capital to produce more human capital out of human resources.Nations require adequate human capital who are educated and qualified as educators and other specialists. In other words, we need great human capital to create other human capital like doctors, engineers, professors, etc., which will later become a human asset and contribute to the economy of the country.Human resources are the people who are part of the workforce and contribute to the productivity of a country. The quality and efficiency of human resources depend on factors such as health, education, skills, and motivation. Different countries have different levels of human resource development and potential. For example, India has a large and young population that can provide a demographic dividend if properly educated and employedThe term human resources refers to the size of the population of a country along with its efficiency, educational qualities, productivity, organisational abilities and farsightedness. It is the ultimate resource, but not equally distributed over the worldIndia has 62.5% of its population in the age group of 15-59 years which is ever increasing and will be at the peak around 2036 when it will reach approximately 65%.These population parameters indicate an availability of demographic dividend in India, which started in 2005-06 and will last till 2055-56.According to Economic Survey 2018-19,India’s Demographic Dividend will peak around 2041, when the share of working-age,i.e. 20-59 years, population is expected to hit 59%.India has one of the youngest populations in an aging world. By 2020, the median age in India will be just 28, compared to 37 in China and the US, 45 in Western Europe, and 49 in Japan.Since 2018, India’s working-age population (people between 15 and 64 years of age) has grown larger than the dependents population — children aged 14 or below as well as people above 65 years of age. This bulge in the working-age population is going to last till 2055, or 37 years from its beginning.This transition happens largely because of a decrease in the total fertility rate(TFR, which is the number of births per woman) after the increase in life expectancy gets stabilised.A study on demographic dividend in India by United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) throws up two interesting facts.The window of demographic dividend opportunity in India is available for five decades from 2005-06 to 2055-56, longer than any other country in the world.This demographic dividend window is available at different times in different states because of differential behaviour of the population parameter.
Human Development Index (HDI) and it’s Components - Pakistan at HDI RankingUsmanMustafa48
Human Development Index (HDI) and it’s Components - Pakistan at HDI Ranking
It described HDI with special reference to Pakistan. HDI history, its standard. Limitation and criticism on HDI. What are the Challenges of Human Development in Pakistan? Some figure/data about HDI of Pakistan
HDI (help development Index ) it is an most important factor of a country to decide their economic as well as living standards of a person living in the country
Human Resource Development Intervention in Macro LevelAshis Kumar Behera
Human resource is best and valuable resource in both organisation context and also in Country/state context. Development of this resource boost the organisation objective in positively.
this is a project related to schedule of meetings and this project provides details about the room and equipment present in that room for meeting..
this is a general description about the project and UML diagrams of the project..
The development and coding of project is not yet finalized.
Control an android app from one phone to another using same app by sending sms...
Download from here:
https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B5QIosG1CvkcWXN0OWtrUXBWWHc
The "Job Portal" where you can find different UML diagrams of this system and that includes:
1) Use case diagram
2) Fully dressed use case
3) Sequence Diagram
4) Activity Diagram
5) Class Diagram
6) Component Diagram
These are the basic details about the importance of learning communication skills which may help readers in getting least information about communication skills.
It is the financial accounting project all basis transactions end to closing trial balance of an accounting cycle is provided.
it is a project of a software house.
2. WHAT IS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX?
• It is a tool used to measure country’s overall achievement in its social and economic
dimensions.
• It is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education and per capital income
indicators which are used to rank countries.
• It is also implies whether a country is developed, developing, or underdeveloped.
• The (HDI) is a number from 0 to 1 (higher is better) used to compare different countries.
3. HISTORY OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX
• The concept of human development was introduced by Pakistani economist Dr.
Mahbub-ul-Haq in 1990
• Amartya Sen and Mahbub–ul-Haq worked upon the capabilities and functioning
which provided conceptual framework
• Published by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
• Dr. Haq has described human development as development that enlarges
people’s choices and improves theirlives.
4. HOW THE UNDP MEASURES HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
The HDI consists of three equally weighted components:
1. “A long and healthy life” (Health)
2. “Knowledge” (Education)
3. “A decent standard of living” (Wealth)
5. LIFE EXPECTANCY INDEX (HEALTH)
• The life expectancy factor helps to determine
How long the average citizen lives?
How healthy he/she can remain during his/her life?
How he/she can contribute in his/her working life?
• The HDI measures life expectancy from 25 to 85 years.
• Countries with longer life expectancy receive higher HDI scores than those in which people die
at younger age.
• For example;
There is a country “XYZ” the life expectancy ate birth is 70 years. Then life expectancy index will be:
70−20
85−20
= 0.77
6. EDUCATION INDEX (KNOWLEDGE)
• The adult literacyrate and the gross enrolment ratio represent access toknowledge.
• The education index is found by dividing the no. of years of schooling for adults age for 25 & older
by the expected years of schooling for children of school age.
• For example;
The adult citizens of country “XYZ” typically go to school for 12 years, but school-age children are
expected to go for at least 15 years. The education index
12
15
= 0.8
7. GNI INDEX (WEALTH)
• Gross National Income (GNI) per capita is used for measurement.
• HDI utilizes a logarithm to reflect increasing GNI with diminishing importance of income.
• It is used to measure annual income of the average citizen based on purchasing power parity or PPP.
• The GNI index uses a minimum income of $1000 and a maximum of $75000.
• For example;
The GNI per capita for citizens of country “XYZ” is $50,000. The income index for the HDI would be
(log 50000 −log 100 )
(log 75000 −log 100 )
= 0.94
10. HDI REPORT
• The Human Development Report (HDR) is an annual milestone published by the Human
Development Report Office of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
• As of 2013 the last decade saw convergence in human development indicators (HDI)
values globally, although progress was uneven within and between regions.
13. (CONTD…)
• Pakistan's HDI value for 2015 is 0.550
• Which put the country in the medium human development category—positioning
it at 147 out of 188 countries and territories.
• Between 1990 and 2015,
Pakistan's HDI value increased from 0.404 to 0.550, an increase of 36.2
percent.
16. (CONTD…)
1) The demand pull from peoples and communities at the local level is neither well organized through
community organisation, nor is it strong enough to get the bureaucracy at the district level and the
political bosses at provincial and federal levels sensitive to basic human needs.
2) The second important reason is lack of accountability of the bureaucracy at the district and higher levels
in every field that is used for measurement for the human development index, like education, health and
other services
3) The areas that are the core of human development — education and health — have poor political and
administrative leadership both at the higher level as well as at the local institutional level
17. INEQUALITY-ADJUSTED HDI (IHDI)
• The HDI is an average measure of basic human development achievements in a country.
• Like all averages, the HDI masks inequality in the distribution of human development across the
population at the country level.
• Pakistan’s HDI for 2012 is 0.515.
• However, when the value is discounted for inequality, the HDI falls to 0.356, a loss of 30.9 percent due to
inequality in the distribution of the dimension indices.
• India and Bangladesh, show losses due to inequality of 29.3 percent and 27.4 percent respectively.
• The average loss due to inequality for low HDI countries is 33.5 percent and for South Asia it is 29.1
percent.
18. GENDER DEVELOPMENT INDEX (GDI)
• In the 2014 HDR, HDRO introduced a new measure, the GDI, based on the inter-gender
disaggregated Human Development Index, defined as a ratio of the female to the male
HDI.
• The female HDI value for Pakistan is 0.452 in contrast with 0.610 for males, resulting in a
GDI value of 0.742, which places the country into Group 5.
• In comparison, GDI values for Bangladesh and India are 0.927 and 0.819 respectively
19. GENDER INEQUALITY INDEX (GII)
• The 2010 HDR introduced the GII, which reflects gender-based inequalities in three dimensions –
Reproductive health -- is measured by maternal mortality and adolescent birth rates
Empowerment -- is measured by the share of parliamentary seats held by women and attainment in secondary and higher
education by each gender
Economic activity -- is measured by the labor market participation rate for women and men
• Pakistan has a GII value of 0.567, ranking it 123 out of 148 countries in the 2012 index.
• In Pakistan, 21.1 percent of parliamentary seats are held by women.
• And 18.3 percent of adult women have reached a secondary or higher level of education compared to 43.1
percent of their male counterparts.
• For every 100,000 live births, 260 women die from pregnancy related causes; and the adolescent fertility rate is
28.1 births per 1000 live births.
• Female participation in the labor market is 22.7 percent compared to 83.3 for men.
20. MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY INDEX (MPI)
• The 2010 HDR introduced the MPI, which identifies multiple overlapping deprivations suffered
by households in 3 dimensions:
Education
Health
Living standards
• The most recent data collected in a survey for estimating MPI in Pakistan were in 2006/2007.
• In Pakistan 49.4 percent of the population lived in multidimensional poverty.
• An additional 11 percent were vulnerable to multiple deprivations.
• The value adjusted in MPI for Pakistan was 0.264.
22. • Should be sensitising people and communities about their rights and energise them enough to question the
quality of services at the local level.
• They are supposed to serve the political purposes of their provinces’ bosses more than looking after the
interests of the citizens of the districts.
• Our public representatives and governments expend their energies and resources on physical projects for very
obvious reasons and very little on human development initiatives.