The document discusses the concepts of growth and development, highlighting that growth is a quantitative change while development is qualitative and value-positive. It introduces the Human Development Index (HDI) as a key measure of a country's development based on health, education, and living standards, with top performers in 2019 being Norway, Switzerland, and Ireland. The document also critiques HDI for its limited scope and lack of ecological considerations in assessing development.

2. Growth And Development
 Both Growth and Development refer to changes over a
period of time:-
Growth:-
 Quantitative and neutral change.
 Positive or a negative .
Development:-
 Qualitative change which is value positive.
 Development occurs when positive growth takes place

3. Human Development Index
 HDI emphasizes that people and their capabilities should be the
ultimate criteria for assessing the development of a country, not
economic growth alone.
 HDI measures average achievement of a country in three basic
dimensions of human development:
 A long and healthy life,
 Access to knowledge, and
 A decent standard of living.
 Top Performers in 2019
 Norway, Switzerland, Ireland occupied the top three positions in
that order.
 Germany is placed fourth along with Hong Kong, and Australia
secured the fifth rank on the global ranking.

6. Some other indices included in HDR are :
 Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index
(IHDI),
 Gender Development Index (GDI),
 Gender Inequality Index (GII) and
 Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI).

7. CALCULATION OF HDI
 HDI is calculated as a simple average of these 3
indicators :-
 Dimension Index = = Actual value – minimum value
Maximum value – minimum value
HDI = 1/3 (LEI + ED + GDP index)
Life Expectancy Index
GDP Index
Health Index

8. PHYSICAL QUALITY LIFE INDEX
 The Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI) is an attempt to measure
the quality of life or well-being of a country. The value is the average
of three statistics: basic literacy rate, infant mortality, and life
expectancy at age one, all equally weighted on a 0 to 100 scale.
 It was developed for the Overseas Development council in the mid-
1970s by Morris David Morris, as one of a number of measures
created due to dissatisfaction with the use of GNP as an indicator of
development. PQLI might be regarded as an improvement but
shares the general problems of measuring quality of life in a
quantitative way. It has also been criticized because there is
considerable overlap between infant mortality and life expectancy
 LEI + IMR + Literacy Rate
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12. HDI ASPECTS OF India
 India Ranks :- 129th (2019)
 HDI :- 0.647
 Indicators :-
 GNI per capita PPP :- 6.829
 Life Expectancy at birth:-
Overall :- 64.19 years
Male :- 62.80 years
Female :- 65.73 years

13. Criticism of HDI
 HDI is not a comprehensive measure of human
development, it only focuses on the three
dimensions .
 Does not focuses on ecological considerations
while ranking the countries .

17. Is HDI Enough to Measure a
Country’s level of Development ?

19. THANK YOU...