Psychoanalysis is a method of investigating the unconscious mind to understand mental disorders. It was developed in 1906 and focuses on relationships between conscious and unconscious thoughts. The goal is to make patients aware of unconscious material so they can recover from psychopathology. Psychoanalysis views development as determined by early childhood events and behavior as influenced by irrational drives. Sigmund Freud developed theories of the unconscious mind, id/ego/super-ego structure of personality, and psychosexual developmental stages from oral to genital. Psychoanalytic therapy explores how the unconscious influences thoughts and behaviors. Criticisms include small sample sizes and difficulties testing theories.

1. By: Adila Pervaiz Gondal

2. Definition:
 method of mind investigation
 especially unconscious mind
Origin:
 ‘’NEW LATIN’’ ( first used 1906)
 focused on treating mental disorder by recognizing
the relationships between conscious and unconscious
mind.
Subject matter:
 Psychopathology or abnormal behavior

3. Goal of Psychoanalysis:
 to uncover materials hidden in the
unconscious mind
 When the individual becomes aware of the
material hidden in the unconscious mind, the
individual recovers

4. Psychology as a specialty of advance clinical
social work:
 psychoanalysis is a specialty area of practice
 basic tenets of psychology:
 a person’s development is determined by forgotten
events in early child hood
 human attitude, experience and thoughts is largely
influenced by irrational drives
 bypass psychological resistance in the form of
defense mechanism when bringing drives into
awareness.

5. Sigmund Freud
 “Father of Psychoanalytics”
 specialized in the disorders of the
nervous system
Work:
 work on unconscious
 unconscious is the reservoir of feeling thought
,urges and memories that outside of our conscious
awareness

6. Structure of Mind
1. Conscious mind:
 conscious mind includes everything which is inside
of our awareness
2. Unconscious mind:
 Things we are not aware of even when we put
great effort
3. Pre -conscious mind:
 things we are not aware of
 but we can take these things in our level of awareness
with little efforts

7. Structure of Personality
1. ID:
 material of personality
 unrealistic and based upon pleasure principal
2. Ego:
 based upon reality principal
 mediator between id and super ego
3. Super Ego:
 moral arm of personality
 based upon morality principal

9. Developmental Stages of Psychoanalysis:
1. Oral stage: this is the first period, occurring during the
first year of life.
2. Anal stage : this period last from approximately age 1 to
age 3.
3. Phallic stage: this stage follows, lasting from age 3 to 5
age.
4. Latency stage: then follows the latency period lasting
until puberty.
5. Genital stage: after puberty, people move into the
genital stage, a period of mature sexuality.

10. Developmental Stages of Psychoanalysis:

11. Psychotherapy
Definition:
 Psychotherapy is a treatment, by psychological
means, of problems, of an emotional nature, in which
a trained person deliberately establishes professional
relationship with the patient, with the object of
1. removing, modifying or retarding the existing
symptoms
2. mediating disturbed pattern of behavior and
3. prompting positive personality growth an
development

12. Types of Psychotherapy
1. Psychodynamic Therapy
2. Interpersonal Therapy
3. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
What Is Psychoanalytic Therapy?
 Psychoanalytic therapy looks at how
the unconscious mind influences thoughts and
behaviors.

13. Criticism:
 studied very few people so not representative
sample
 theories are difficult to test
 once personality is fixed and unchanging
 not a good guide to solve practical problems
 generated considerable research