This presentation contains ;-
1. Definition of community
2. Definition of health
3. definition of nursing
4. Causes of poor health
5. Definition of community health nursing
6. Types of communities
7. community health
8. Public health
9. Aims of public health
10. Aims of community health nurse
11. Objectives of community health nursing
12. Principles of community health nursing
13. Function of community health nurse
14. The mission of community health nursing
15. concepts of health
16. components of community health nursing
17. Scope of community health nursing
18. Community health nursing roles
Unit -I : Community Health IntroductionSMVDCoN ,J&K
Special field of nursing that combines the skill of nursing, public health and same phase of social assistance and function as part of the total public health program for the promotion of health, the improvement of the condition in the social & physical environment, rehabilitation of illness & Disability.
historical development of community health nursing and community health nursing- world and India
M.Sc. Nursing 1st year
Community health nursing
unit-I
This presentation contains ;-
1. Definition of community
2. Definition of health
3. definition of nursing
4. Causes of poor health
5. Definition of community health nursing
6. Types of communities
7. community health
8. Public health
9. Aims of public health
10. Aims of community health nurse
11. Objectives of community health nursing
12. Principles of community health nursing
13. Function of community health nurse
14. The mission of community health nursing
15. concepts of health
16. components of community health nursing
17. Scope of community health nursing
18. Community health nursing roles
Unit -I : Community Health IntroductionSMVDCoN ,J&K
Special field of nursing that combines the skill of nursing, public health and same phase of social assistance and function as part of the total public health program for the promotion of health, the improvement of the condition in the social & physical environment, rehabilitation of illness & Disability.
historical development of community health nursing and community health nursing- world and India
M.Sc. Nursing 1st year
Community health nursing
unit-I
its a presentation for dental students in subject to Public Health Dentistry conttaing
Levels of Health Care In India
Characteristics of primary health care
Components of health care
Principles of primary health care
Health care sectors in India
Village level workers
Sub-Centre level
Primary health care
Community health centre
An overly wordy look at the impact of the Sandinista revolution in NIcaragua and its impact of health care and health care policy. Created for ANTH216 class I'm teaching, New slideset this year so will likely undergo some revision in the future.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
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The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
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2. • In order to understand the
evolution of community health
nursing in India , it is essential to
know the evolution of
community health in India.
3. VEDIC PERIOD 3000 BC
• The public
health had its
origin in Vedic
period.
4. • During this period there were
well planned cities with proper
housing, good drainage system,
water supply, public toilets and
baths.
5. • This suggests the practice of
good environmental sanitation.
6. • In 1400 BC Ayurveda & Siddha
systems of medicine advocated
holistic health care i.e., taking
care of physical, mental and
spiritual aspects of life
simultaneously in an integrated
way to have sound body, mind
and useful life.
7. • The principles of holistic health
care are described in MANU
SAMITHA.
• Principles of hygiene and
dietetics were practised.
8. • Midwives practiced hygienic
practices.
• The care to sick people in their
own homes and hospitals was
done by old women and men.
10. • One of the principles
of Buddhism was care
of the sick and welfare
of the humanity.
• King Ashoka (220-250
BC) contributed
greatly in the exercise
of this principle.
11. • He established many hospitals,
instituted medical system and
one doctor was appointed for
every 10 villages.
• Sick were treated in homes and
hospitals.
14. MOUGAL PERIOD
(700-1850 AD)
• During this period there was set-
back in the field of public health
practice partly because of
decline of Buddhism and partly
due to changes in political
environment.
15. • All hospitals and universities
were demolished.
• Around 1000 AD Arabic system
of medicine, popularly known as
UNANI was introduced. This is
now a part of the Indian system
of medicine.
17. • The actual public health services
was started in 19 century when
in 1859 the administration of
India was taken over by the
British crown from the East India
Company.
18. • During this period, the heavy
mortality among European
soldiers in India sought the
attention of British Parliament.
20. • She collected various
informations about the
prevailing conditions through
questionnaire and discussions
with important persons.
21. • During this period various
commissions with specific were
set up from time to time to deal
with various situations such as
sanitation problems,
communicable diseases etc.
22. • Modifications were done in the
administrative set up at the
centre, province and local levels
to provide public health services
to people.
24. • These Acts included Birth and
Death Registration Act 1873,
Vaccination Act 1887, Indian
Factory Act1881, the Local Self
Government Act 1885.
Cont..
25. Cont…
• The Epidemic Disease Act 1887, the
Govt of India Act 1935, the Madras
Public Health Act 1939, the Drug
Act 1940.
• These Acts helped in providing
public health services through
legislation.
26. • During early 20 century various
central level
bureaus/institutions were set up
to provide specialized services
and to conduct research and
training activities.
27. • These included
central Malaria
Bureau at Kasouli in
1909, the Indian
Research foundation
in 1911 (now known
as ICMR), the
department of
health Education in
1912.
Cont..
28. Cont..
• The Nutrition research Laboratory
at Coonoor in 1918, maternity and
Child Welfare Bureau by Indian
Red Cross Society in 1930, All
India Institute of Hygeine and
Public health in 1930, the
Tuberculosis Association of India
in 1940.
29.
30. POST BRITISH PERIOD (1947
ONWARDS)
Following
independence, the
Govt of India
developed a well
organized health
care delivery system
on the guidelines
provided by the
Bhore committee.
31. • Comprehensive primary,
secondary and tertiary level
preventive services were
provided through three tier
structure (Village Post, Urban
Health Post, HSc, PHC,CHC,Dist
Hosp, State & Central level
hospitals)
32. • Since then there has been a
continuous development of
health care services thorough
Five Year Plans.
• The following major areas have
been considered on priority basis
in each FYP.
33. • Control & eradication of
communicable & non
communicable diseases.
• Strengthening of medical &
community health services.
34. • Population control.
• Improvement of environmental
sanitation.
• Development of health
manpower resource and
research.
36. • Various national level
programmes, schemes,
institutions, bureaus, legislative
acts have been set through
successive FYP in relation to these
major areas on priority basis
depending upon the needs &
resources available at given point
of time.
38. • During this period maternal and
child welfare services were
started to prevent maternal and
child morbidity &mortality rates.
• By and large services were
provided by trained English
Medical Missionaries.
39. • Funds were raised by lady Curzon
and Lady Chelmsford to train dais
and provide maternal and child
welfare services.
• In 1918, the need for better
prepared personnel was felt, who
could provide better services and
also supervise and guide
dais/midwives.
40. • Thus in 1920 a health School to
train “Lady Health Visitors” was
started at Nicholson Road, Delhi
where dais were trained.
• Later in 1926, it was shifted to
Bara Hindu Rao and was named
as Lady Reading health School.
41. • Similar health schools were
opened in lahore, Calcutta,
Madras, Nagpur and Puna.
42. • Once again the need for better
prepared personnel was felt who
could supervise and guide health
visitors and provide
comprehensive public health and
nursing services to people.
44. • In 1946, two colleges of nursing
were started one each in Delhi
and Vellore and offered B.Sc.,
degree in nursing.
45. • The public health nursing was
integrated in the curriculum.
• The graduates from these
colleges could work as public
health nurses.
46. • All the B.Sc. Nursing colleges in
India prepare nurses in Public
Health Nursing.
• In 1952, diploma course in Public
Health was started in College of
Nursing, Delhi.
47. • In 1953 it was shifted t All India
Institute of Hygiene and Public
Health, Calcutta.
• Similar course was established in
many other places.
48. • In 1959, Public Health Nursing
was included in General Nursing
and Midwifery (GNM) prog.
49. • From 1952 onwards Auxiliary
Nurse Midwives (ANM) have
been trained to provide Primary
Health Care services in the
villages under the supervision
and guidance of Lady Health
Visitor/Female Health
Supervisors and Public Health
Nurses.
50. • From 1978 onwards ANM are
designated as Multipurpose
Health Worker Female (MHWF).
• The health Visitor training is
stopped and the existing Health
Visitors are re designated as
Health Supervisor-Female (HSF).
51. • Presently six months
promotional programme has
been designed for experienced
ANMs to be prepared as Health
Supervisor-Female.
52. • Since 1962 community Health
Nursing is one of the specialty
area in master of Nursing
Education Programme.
53. COMMUNITY HEALTH
NURSING-TRENDS
• As evident,the practice of public
health nursing started with the
services to mother and children,
industrial workers and elderly
during the second half of 19
century.
54. • The services were initially
rendered by lady health visitors
and later from 1930 onwards
with the support of trained
public health nurse.
55. • From 1952 ANMs have been
trained to provide primary
health care services in the
villages and urban communities
under the supervision of Lady
health Visitors/ health
Supervisors (F) and Public Health
Nurses.
56. • Community Health Nursing in
the present context is
comprehensive but lays major
emphasis on preventive and
promotive services.
57. • The services are community
focusses and are provided to
individual, family and groups in
the community at their palce of
living and work.
• The community health nursing
services contribute in achieving
the goal “Health For All”
58. • The community health nursing
services contribute in achieving
the goal “Health For All”